2022 Lab 5 - Exploring Forces - Friction

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University of New England *

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1010

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Mechanical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Lab Assignment Sheet Exploring Forces – The Free Particle I (Week 5) Model or Topic Explored: We will begin to look at forces and dynamics involved with free particles using the IOLab unit and some common items in your home. We are looking for a description of the forces when the net force on a particle is zero – this implies that the particle will be stationary or moving at a constant velocity. In this lab, you will be determine the coefficient of friction between pairs of materials, using this force balance. Name: Date: Constants: IOLab Unit: Mass of IO Lab unit IOLab Unit and Book: Mass of IO Lab unit Mass of Book Measurables: Force Sensor F=O, N+W=0 (vector), N-W=0 (scalar in 1-D) W, (mass of unit) Observables: The grey hook is attached to the IO Lab Unit and a red string is tied onto it to pull it across my wooden table. The second experiment involved me putting a book on top of the IO Lab Unit for some added weight. Problem Statement: How does friction force depend on the normal force when an object is moved at a constant velocity? Prediction: PHYS 1010 – page 1
Lab Assignment Sheet If an object is moving at a constant velocity, I predict that the friction force has to be equal to the normal force. Experiment: Procedure ( list of steps with some detail): 1. Gather Supplies listed; string, grey hook, friction pads ,IO Lab Unit and find a flat surface 2. Tie the string on the grey hook and place friction pads on the device 3. Press Start on IO Lab unit and pull IOLab at a constant velocity 4. Press Stop on IO Lab unit 5. Screenshot data table 6. Collect the other forms of data Tools and Diagram of Apparatus: [In this section, please paste at least two digital photographs. One with you and your sign containing your name and the date of your experiment, and at least one more of you with the items used in your experiment (preferably while doing the experiment).] Precautions and caveats: To weigh the book, I taped the book to the IO Lab unit and measured it that way dangling. Data Table with Units: [In this section, you may paste a data table from MS Excel or generate a table within MS Word.] IO Lab Unit Dangling 𝜇 : -2.014N Cart with Friction Pads Across Table 𝜇 : -0.530N Cart with friction pads and Book Across the Table PHYS 1010 – page 2
Lab Assignment Sheet 𝜇 : -1.041N Cart Dangling with Book: 𝜇 : -5.024N Data Graphs: [In this section, you may paste graphs that you have generated in MS Excel.] IO Lab unit Hanging Cart with Friction Pads Across Table Cart with Friction Pads and Book On Top Across Table PHYS 1010 – page 3
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Lab Assignment Sheet Weight of Cart and Book Dangling Math Model(s): [Digital pictures or MS Word Equation Editor could be included if the equations cannot be easily typed.] Remember: N=W, W is the weight of the book+cart, F is friction force, weighed the io lab unit in the beginning Just the Cart: W (weight of IO Lab)= -2.014N so N=-2.014N Frictional force (constant time normal force) T=F F= -0.530N F= 𝜇 N 𝜇 =F/N 𝜇 = -0.530N/-2.014N= 0.263N Cart and Book: Weight of both IO Lab Unit and Book: -5.024N PHYS 1010 – page 4
Lab Assignment Sheet F= -1.041N 𝜇 =F/N 𝜇 =-1.041N/-5.024N= 0.207N Diagrammatic Model: [Digital pictures or diagrams created within MS Word would be included here.] Free body Diagram Cart Weight Earth Earth Cart Across Wooden Table PHYS 1010 – page 5 T Cart W Cart and book T W N: Force of table on IO Lab unit V F T Cart Table
Lab Assignment Sheet Cart and Book Across Wooden Table: Verbal Representation: [Represent the results and the relationships between variables that you’ve found in words.] In this experiment I found that when moving in a constant velocity, the friction force must be equal to the normal force. Also, that adding mass does not affect the force of static friction. Weighing both the IO Lab unit and the IO Lab unit with the book, the forces are balanced which also confirms F=O. PHYS 1010 – page 6 W: Force of the earth on the IO Lab unit N: Force of table on IO Lab unit V Cart+ Book F T Table W: Force of the earth on the IO Lab unit+book
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