Sarah Gray Extra Credit Man3303

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Indian River State College *

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3303

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Management

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by ChancellorBison4063

Extra Credit Man3303 Sarah Gray 1. Explain SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses in an organization’s internal environment and the opportunities and threats in its external environment. This helps a company determine how to increase internal strengths and minimize internal weaknesses while maximizing external threats. 2. Explain the functions of management. The four management functions are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning is determining organizational goals and a means for achieving them. Organizing is deciding where decisions will be made, who will do what job, and who will work for them. Leading is inspiring and motivating workers to achieve goals. Controlling is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed. 3. Explain the types of managers. The types of managers are top managers (responsible for the overall direction of the organization), middle managers (responsible for setting objectives consistent with top management’s goals and for planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving these objectives), first-line managers (train and supervise the performance of nonmanagerial employees who are directly responsible for producing the company’s products or services), and team leaders (responsible for facilitating tea activities toward goal accomplishment). 4. Explain "extreme interviewing." Extreme interviewing is the process of finding out whether prospective employees are a good cultural fit and align with its values. It is where the applicants are placed into pairs, given a task that the company would typically do, and are allotted 20 minutes to complete the task before moving into new pairs with a new task. 5. Explain a cost-leadership strategy and highlight two companies that use it effectively. Cost leadership is a strategy of producing a product or service of acceptable quality at consistently lower production costs than other competitors can, so that the firm can offer the product or service at the lowest price in the industry. Two companies who affectively use this strategy are Walmart and McDonald’s. 6. Explain the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations and how they impact ethical corporate behavior.

The U.S. Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations are a set of rules set by the U.S Sentencing Commissions to cover defenses covered by the federal laws such as invasion of privacy, price fixing, fraud, customs violations, money laundering, embezzlement, and so much more. Companies who commit any of these crimes can face fines up to $300 million. 7. Explain why people in organizations resist change and what management can do to overcome or minimize the resistance. Reasons why there is resistance to change are self-interest, misunderstanding and distrust, and a general intolerance for change. Ways to manage this resistance are unfreezing (getting the people affected by change to believe that change is needed), change intervention (the process used to get workers and managers to change their behavior and work practices), refreezing (supporting and reinforcing new changes so that they “stick”), and coercion (the use of formal power and authority to force others to change). 8. Explain ways to increase job satisfaction. Ways to increase job satisfaction can be to have task identity (chance to complete a task from start to finish), task significance (substantial impact on others), skill variety, autonomy (discretion to decide how and when to accomplish the work), and feedback (information about their work performance). 9. Explain various methods of decision-making. A few methods of decision-making are devil’s advocacy, dialectal inquiry, nominal group technique, Delphi technique, stepladder technique, and electronic brainstorming. Devil’s advocacy is a method where an individual or subgroup is assigned the role of the critic. Dialectal inquiry is where decision makers state the assumptions of a proposed solution and generate a solution that is the opposite of that solution. Nominal group technique that begins and ends by having group members quietly write down and evaluate ideas to be shared with the group. The Delphi technique is where members of a panel of experts respond to questions and to each other until reaching an argument on an issue. Stepladder technique is where group members are added to a discussion one person at a time; the existing group listens to each new member’s input, and then once all are present, they discuss the new and old ideas and come to a decision. Electronic brainstorming is where group members use computers to build on each others’ ideas and generate as many alternative solutions as possible. 10. Explain "power distance" and how it varies by country. Power distance is the extent to which people in a country accept that power is distributed unequally in society and organizations. Countries like Sweden and Denmark have weak power distance, and countries like Malaysia and China have high power distances.

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