interview2

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Ohio University, Main Campus *

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Management

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Apr 3, 2024

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Interview questions for IHS 4245 Considerations of Vulnerable Populations in Healthcare/interview with Kelli Coughlin Schoen, Research Associate at Ohio University’s Voinovich School of Leadership and Public Affairs 1. What do you feel are the qualities, of the individuals that you interact with, that makes them a vulnerable population? The research that she conducted was with families in Southeastern Ohio who have a child with an identified, or suspected, developmental concern. Most of the individuals that participated came from; low income households, lacked information as to what typical milestones are in child development, and did not know how to access resources that could help them. 2. What are the unique considerations that you keep in mind when you interact with this population; that you might not take into consideration if you were dealing with a different population? The population faces a variety of obstacles just to get to an appointment, including: taking time off work or school, with many having jobs that don’t easily allow for time off or for planning schedules more than one week in advance; getting enough money to pay for gas, finding a ride, or arranging for transportation services; and finding available, affordable child care for other children. Just showing up at an appointment can be a significant achievement. Once at the appointment, many of the people in the study were highly sensitive to the way in which they were treated by office staff and providers. It was important to them that they felt like they were being respected, that their child was liked by the provider, and that they were being viewed as a partner in their child’s care. Otherwise, their motivation to return for another appointment often decreased. 3. Have you found strategies that work well with this particular population; to make you interactions more successful? From a research perspective, it worked best when researchers met with families in their homes and gained their trust over a period of time. From a patient care perspective, research participants reported that things worked better under the following conditions: the system of care was well coordinated, meaning the referring providers understood where and how to refer children to other providers, and made sure the referrals were carried out; providers gave home exercises to do in case families could not make the appointments with healthcare providers; providers were willing to talk by phone with families-- these families wanted direct access to their healthcare providers ( they didn’t want to talk to office staff and have messages relayed). When care was provided in a home-based setting, families felt that their children’s needs were better understood, beca use children were most comfortable at home. When schedulers consulted with families about possible

appointment times (instead of assigning appointment times) families were more likely to make it to appointments, and felt more respected. 4. What are the main struggles that you feel this particular population faces? Insurance constraints, transportation constraints, lack of flexibility of scheduling, lack of information about what is going on with their child, lack of information about available resources. Some individuals in the study also had difficult overcoming the stigma attached to developmental concerns or seeking out healthcare. 5. If you could change one element, or one factor, of the circumstances this population faces what would it be? From the study it was evident that there needs to be better coordination of care so that everyone is on the same page and families don’t have to try and see multiple providers, in multiple locations, for optimal care. When a child had a serious condition and needed to follow up with other providers, families were better able to get their child all of the services s/he needed when the referring office understood the system of care and helped them navigate it.

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