Mid-term part 2
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Northern Virginia Community College *
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History
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Dec 6, 2023
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Part Two: Major Course Themes, 100 points) Please number your responses 1-4. Provide
relevant historical context, examples, and analysis for each question. Each response should
include specific supporting points and discuss at least one primary source from the reading.
1) Discuss at least three reasons for why the globe became more interconnected by 1600 and
discuss at least two immediate consequences. Be as specific as possible in your response.
2) Why did Europeans embark on an age of exploration rather than the peoples of the Americas,
Asia, and/or Islamic Empires? You must discuss each of these regions in your response.
3) What role did the African continent play in the age of exploration and the colonization of the
Americas? Discuss at least three specific points.
4) What was the Enlightenment and how did it influence dramatic changes throughout the world
from the late seventeenth to early nineteenth centuries? Provide at least three historical examples
to support your discussion.
1.
European powers like Spain, Portugal, and England embarked on voyages to discover
new trade routes and establish colonies. One of them was the Atlantic slave trade. This is
when Europeans were taking slaves from Africa to bring to the Americas. A consequence
of this is that many of the slaves that traveled there would die on the voyage there.
“Wiping out native populations, pushing them farther afield, cleared the way for
European occupation
1
”. Another reason was the Spice trade. The spice trade established
and destroyed empires. It ran with the network of sea routes that linked the East and
West. The third reason was the Silk Road trade. This trade linked China with the West it
carried goods and ideas between the two empires Rome and China.
2.
The reason for exploration was to search for new resources and fertile land, Control trade
routes to Asia and the trade market, and spread Christianity. The Americas were trying to
build up their colonies and keep their people in line. Asia was busy with the Thirty Years
War
2
. Along with corruption. “Those who remained at the post-station [places where
foreigners were lodged] disobeyed the law and had intercourse with others.”
3
3.
As European colonies in the Americas grew their governments increasingly looked to
Africa for a source of cheap labor to power their growing farms, mines, and plantations.
4.
The Enlightenment produced modern secularized theories of psychology and ethics. The
study of science and the investigation of natural phenomena were encouraged, but
Enlightenment thinkers also applied science and reason to society's problems. It reshaped
how people understood problems like liberty, equality, and individual rights. Some
examples are the American Revolution, the French Revolution, and science. “The
1
Jeremy Adelman, Worlds Together Worlds Apart: Volume 2, pg. 528
2 Santelli, The Thirty-Year War (1618-1648), 9/18, World Entangled 1600-1750
3 He Ao, Commentary on Foreigners (c. 1420), Ming Official He Ao, pg. 513
difference of natural talents in different men is, in reality, much less than we are aware of;
and the very different genius which appears to distinguish men of different professions,
when grown up to maturity, is not upon many occasions so much the cause as the effect
of the division of labour.
4
”
4 Adam Smith, “The Propensity to Truck, Barter, and Exchange” (1776), pg. 599
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