USHIS Exam 2 Questions: Late 19th Century Insights

Question 1 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text In the late nineteenth century, as veterans of the Civil War retired, Select one: a. the federal government created a pension system for all retired Americans. b. they were paid pensions by individual states, but not by the federal government. c. the federal government gave pensions to both Union and Confederate veterans. d. a majority of the black and white male population in the North received federal pensions. e. they were forced to do without military pensions of any kind. Question 2 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text The congressional law of 1873 that officially discontinued silver coinage Select one: a. was passed to benefit international trade merchants. b. was passed over the strong objections of farmers. c. became known to critics as the “Crime of ’73.” d. was hotly debated at the time. e. was passed because the value of silver had fallen to an all-time low. Question 3 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12

Flag question Question text The author who called on the United States to increase its naval forces in his book, The Influence of Sea Power upon History , was Select one: a. William McKinley. b. Richard Olney. c. James G. Blaine. d. Alfred T. Mahan. e. Leonard Wood. Question 4 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text The author of The Influence of Sea Power upon History believed the United States Select one: a. should take possession of the Hawaiian Islands. b. should go to war with England to destroy its navy. c. had too cumbersome a navy and should streamline it by decommissioning capital ships. d. should both take possession of the Hawaiian Islands and go to war with England to destroy its navy. e. All these answers are correct. Question 5 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12

Flag question Question text The Treaty of Paris concluding the Spanish-American War Select one: a. required Spain to pay the United States $20 million for its military costs. b. was quickly ratified by the United States Senate. c. transferred the Philippines and Puerto Rico to the United States. d. was rejected by Spain and was never implemented. e. rejected most of the terms of the earlier armistice. Question 6 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text In the late nineteenth century, the United States’ interest in Samoa saw competition from Select one: a. Russia. b. Germany. c. Japan. d. Australia. e. Spain. Question 7 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question

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Question text The man appointed to supervise a major overhaul of the armed forces was Select one: a. William Howard Taft. b. Leonard Wood. c. William Shafter. d. Arthur MacArthur. e. Elihu Root. Question 8 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text The political battles between Stalwarts and Half-Breeds constituted a fight Select one: a. within the Democratic Party. b. that ultimately redefined national political practices. c. between Republican traditionalists and reformers. d. that revolved around the temperance movement. e. over the legacy of Reconstruction. Question 9 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text Samuel Burchard’s “rum, Romanism, and rebellion” speech during the election of 1884 most hurt Select one: a. Grover Cleveland.

b. Benjamin Harrison. c. Chester A. Arthur. d. Roscoe Conkling. e. James G. Blaine. Question 10 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text As the Republican Party approached the 1896 election, they were Select one: a. deeply divided over their candidate. b. confident of victory. c. in agreement that unemployment would be the major issue. d. deeply divided over their candidate, but confident of victory. e. None of these answers is correct. Question 11 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 Select one: a. was strongly opposed by congressional Republicans. b. signified that the era of trusts was ending. c. was indifferently enforced and weakened by the courts. d. was strengthened by the courts over the next decade.

e. mirrored legislation passed earlier in New Jersey and Delaware. Question 12 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text What statement regarding the national Grange movement is FALSE? Select one: a. At their peak, Grange supporters controlled the legislatures of most Midwest states. b. It attempted to teach new scientific farming techniques to its members. c. It sought to regulate the power and practices of railroads and warehouses. d. It was greatly strengthened by the end of the economic depression in the late 1870s. e. The political inexperience of many Grange leaders hurt the movement. Question 13 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text In 1894, Jacob Coxey and his supporters Select one: a. demanded that Congress establish a program of unemployment insurance. b. called for a public works program for the unemployed. c. organized a march on Washington as part of plans to overthrow the government. d. were arrested by police, with many later deported as anarchists. e. demanded that Congress nationalize the railroads. Question 14 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12

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Flag question Question text In 1904, Ida Tarbell published a highly critical study on Select one: a. the Carnegie Steel Company. b. child industrial labor. c. urban “boss rule.” d. the Standard Oil trust. e. Congress. Question 15 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text Prior to the adoption of the secret ballot, voter ballots were printed and distributed by Select one: a. the political parties. b. the federal government. c. private contractors. d. state governments. e. philanthropic organizations. Question 16 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question

Question text In the years prior to the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment , Select one: a. a large majority of states gave some voting rights to women. b. many states gave full voting rights to women. c. New York, Michigan, Illinois, and California all granted women the right to vote. d. Illinois was the first state east of the Mississippi to grant women the right to vote. e. All these answers are correct. Question 17 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text During the Progressive Era, the acknowledged leader of American socialism was Select one: a. Lincoln Steffens . b. William Haywood. c. Florence Kelley. d. Eugene V. Debs . e. A. Mitchell Palmer. Question 18 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text The Federal Reserve Act Select one:

a. created a new type of paper currency. b. helped to reduce loans to private banks. c. was designed to push troubled banks out of business. d. was regulated by a board whose members were elected by Congress. e. created sixteen regional banks. Question 19 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text The 1916 Keating-Owen Act was the first federal law regulating Select one: a. child labor. b. industrial safety. c. tenant agriculture. d. the garment industry. e. information about contraceptives. Question 20 Correct 3.12 points out of 3.12 Flag question Question text After the elections of 1914, President Woodrow Wilson Select one: a. held steady to his existing course of action. b. moved away from progressivism. c. began another round of progressive legislation.

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d. encouraged the United States to enter the war in Europe. e. refused to nominate any progressives to the Supreme Court. Question 21 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text Which statement regarding the controversy over Hetch Hetchy Valley is FALSE? Select one: a. Hetch Hetchy was a spectacular high-walled valley within Yosemite National Park. b. The fight against the dam helped mobilize a new coalition of preservationists. c. In 1908, by a wide margin, San Francisco voters approved building a dam at Hetch Hetchy. d. John Muir devoted the last years of his life to opposing a dam at Hetch Hetchy. e. Theodore Roosevelt led the fight in favor of building a dam at Hetch Hetchy. Question 22 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text At the turn of the twentieth century, progressive activists Select one: a. believed that organizations stunted individual growth and stifled creativity. b. asserted that it was the right of individuals to act as they chose. c. held a strong commitment to improving racial justice. d. believed in the importance of social cohesion. e. believed that people’s character was hardwired at birth. Question 23 Correct

3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In his dealings with Pancho Villa, President Woodrow Wilson Select one: a. ordered a military expedition into Mexico to capture Villa. b. saw American troops capture Villa and bring him to the United States. c. eventually released Villa in order to smooth relations with the Carranza government. d. both ordered a military expedition into Mexico to capture Villa, and eventually released Villa in order to smooth relations with the Carranza government. e. All these answers are correct. Question 24 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In the early twentieth century, the United States’ actions toward Mexico included Select one: a. encouraging an overthrow of the Madero government. b. a refusal to formally recognize the Huerta government. c. sending an American expeditionary force across the border into Mexico. d. both encouraging an overthrow of the Madero government and refusing to formally recognize the Huerta government. e. All these answers are correct. Question 25 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13

Flag question Question text President Theodore Roosevelt defined “civilized” and “uncivilized” nations on the basis of Select one: a. race. b. literary achievements. c. economic development. d. both race and economic development. e. All these answers are correct. Question 26 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In World War I, the American Expeditionary Force was commanded by Select one: a. George Marshall. b. Arthur MacArthur. c. George Patton. d. John J. Pershing. e. Leonard Wood. Question 27 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question

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Question text The immediate spark for hostilities in Europe in 1914 was Select one: a. a struggle between European powers for control of the international diamond trade. b. the sinking of the British passenger liner Lusitania . c. the death of Otto von Bismarck in Germany. d. the German invasion of Poland. e. the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Question 28 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text When President Woodrow Wilson presented the Treaty of Versailles to the Senate, Select one: a. the American public clearly supported its ratification. b. most so-called “irreconcilable” senators favored it in principle. c. he was willing to compromise on the language of the treaty but not its major points. d. he found a close ally in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee chairman, Henry Cabot Lodge. e. he refused to appeal to the public, believing the treaty should stand on its merits alone. Question 29 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In 1914–1915, the United States responded to a British naval blockade of Germany by Select one: a. ending trade with all of Europe to maintain its neutrality.

b. ending trade with Great Britain to pressure it to lift the blockade. c. defying the blockade and continuing to trade with Germany. d. ending trade with Germany but continuing trade with Great Britain. e. rerouting all trade with Germany through the Mediterranean. Question 30 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In 1919, the racial climate in the United States Select one: a. worsened in both the North and South. b. worsened in the South but not in the North. c. improved in both the North and South. d. improved in the North but not in the South. e. generally stayed the same as it had been before the war. Question 31 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In 1919, the Red Scare in the United States Select one: a. led to government raids that uncovered large caches of weapons. b. saw more than 6,000 people deported from the country. c. saw the arrest of several major government figures. d. was generally opposed by universities and other academic institutions.

e. was partly motivated by a series of bombings. Question 32 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text Marcus Garvey Select one: a. encouraged African Americans to reject assimilation into white society. b. argued that America, not Africa, was now the blacks’ true home. c. urged African Americans to move out of the South. d. called on African Americans to reject capitalism. e. saw his movement and influence decline in the early 1920s. Question 33 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text The most prominent exponent of black nationalism following World War I was Select one: a. Claude McKay. b. Booker T. Washington. c. Marcus Garvey. d. W. E. B. Du Bois. e. Malcolm X . Question 34 Correct

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3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In the 1920s, a growing interest in birth control among middle-class women resulted from Select one: a. the desire to delay childbirth to pursue a career outside of the home. b. the attitude that sexual activity should not be for procreation only. c. the desire to maintain a rigid, Victorian female “respectability.” d. both the desire to delay childbirth to pursue a career outside of the home, and the attitude that sexual activity should not be for procreation only. e. All these answers are correct. Question 35 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text After World War I, the new Ku Klux Klan Select one: a. was largely centered in the South. b. focused primarily on intimidating African Americans. c. became primarily concerned about Catholics, Jews, and foreigners. d. officially renounced the use of violence. e. was a males-only organization. Question 36 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13

Flag question Question text In the 1920s, the “ flapper ” lifestyle Select one: a. had a particular impact on urban lower-middle-class and working-class single women. b. was largely reserved for upper-class women. c. was largely rejected by upper-class women. d. was simply a clothing fad. e. was applauded by most progressive suffragists. Question 37 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In the 1920s, Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon succeeded in Select one: a. cutting taxes on corporate profits and personal incomes. b. eliminating half of the WWI debt. c. dramatically trimming the federal budget. d. both eliminating half of the federal debt and dramatically trimming the federal budget. e. All these answers are correct. Question 38 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question

Question text During the 1920s, the trend toward industrial consolidation Select one: a. was most pronounced in industries dependent on large-scale mass-production. b. slowed considerably throughout the decade. c. encouraged new competition. d. emerged most rapidly in industries that were less dependent on technology. e. bypassed the steel and automobile industries. Question 39 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text Al Smith lost the 1928 presidential election, in part because Select one: a. he failed to carry the South. b. of a financial scandal within his campaign. c. of his close connections to the oil industry. d. he both failed to carry the South and maintained close connections to the oil industry. e. All these answers are correct. Question 40 Correct 3.13 points out of 3.13 Flag question Question text In the election of 1924, among the political parties, Select one:

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a. the Democratic Party was seriously divided. b. the Republican Party was seriously divided. c. the Progressive Party was seriously divided. d. both the Democratic Party and the Progressive Party were seriously divided. e. None of these answers is correct.

Graded Exam #2 USHIS

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