HS140_Unit_6_Assignment_Calculation_Problems_Part_1_2_ Patty Bickham

Part 1: Measurement Systems and Converting Between Systems Each question is worth 2 points for a total of 20 points. Complete the following conversions and place the correct answer in the blank. Show your work. 1) 0.8 g = _________mg 0.8g/1 * 1000mg/1g = 800mg 2) 20 kg = _________lb 20kg/1 * 2.2lbs/1 = 44lbs. 3) 6500 mL = ________ L 6500ML / 1L = 6.5L 4) 4.56 L = __________ mL 4.56L/1 * 1000ml = 0.45ml 5) 45 mL = _________ tbsp 45ml * 1tsp/15 = 45tsp/15 = 3tsp 6) 7.9 mg = _________ g 7.9mg/1 * 1000g/1 = 0.0079g 7) 150 lb = __________ kg 150lb/1 * 1kg / 2.2lb = 150kg / 2.2 = 68.18kg 8) 30 mL = _________ tsp 30ml/1*1tsp/5ml = 6 tsp. 9) 8 tsp = __________ mL 8tsp/1 * 5ml/1tsp = 40ml 10) 5 oz = _________ mL 5oz * 30ml/1oz= 150ml 1 | P a g e

Part 2: Dosage Calculations Solve the following dosage calculations, showing your work . Don’t forget to include the units of measure in your answer. 1. Morphine 10mg IM is ordered. Medication available is morphine 15mg/mL. (2 pts)  How many mL’s do you need to administer? 15mg/1mL * 1/10mg = 15L/10 = 1.5mL 2. Kanamycin sulfate is available on hand in vials labeled 250mg/mL. The order needs kanamycin 375mg q12h IM. (1 pt each) o How many mL’s do you need for each dose? 375mg/1 * 1mL/250mg= 375L/250 = 1.5mL o How many mL’s do you need for a one-day supply? 1.5ml *2 = 3 mL 3. Lasix (furosemide) 0.06 g PO is ordered. Medication on hand is 40mg scored tablets. (2 pts)  How many of the tablets should be administered? 0.06g = 60mg /40mg =1.5 tablets 4. A physician orders neomycin 250mg q8h. On hand you have neomycin available in 125mg/5mL. (1 pt each) o How many milliliters in each dose? 125mg/5ml * 1/250mg = 1250L/125= 10mL o How many teaspoons per dose? 10mL /1 * 1tsp/5mL= 10tsp/5 =2tsp 2 | P a g e

Part 3: GI Drugs (Source – Chapter 16) Gastrointestinal (GI) drugs are divided into categories based on their mechanism of action. In the table below, list all of these categories and include an example drug for each one. (8 pts) Category of GI Drug Drug Example Antacids Tums Treatment of ulcers and GERD Pepcid/ Prilosec Antispasmodics Bentyl Agents for inflammatory bowel disease Azulfidine Antidiarrheal agents Kaopectate Antiflatulents Humira Laxatives and cathartics Senokot Antiemetics Dramamine 1. List three side effects associated with the frequent use of antacids. (3 pts) A) Constipation B) Electrolyte imbalance C) Urinary calculi (stone) to form and renal complications 2. You are working with a patient who is undergoing ulcer therapy. Provide him with appropriate patient education, covering at least 4 key points as discussed in your textbook. (4 pts) I cannot answer this because I cannot find the 4 key points. Although I was being treated for an ulcer, (or what they thought was one) so I will be speaking from this experience. Ulcers are caused by an excess amount of gastric acid and we need to reduce that. So I am going to explain your options in treatment. One is a histamine2 blockers. They reduce the acid even if you have a full meal and caffeine, although you really should start reducing the amount of caffeine you intake. Taking medications of course has some side effects but if they get to much please contact us or an ER ASAP, they are listed on your discharge sheet. You have already said you don’t have renal disease and you are not pregnant or was recently. And we did go over your medications and I don’t see any interactions you might have with what you are already taking. However, I want you to be careful with NSAID’s. I know a lot of people take them for headaches and inflammation, but they can also mess with your ulcer now. So be careful, take the minimum amount and for only a short time. If you need to take longer than 24hrs please contact me so we can work out another plan of attack for you instead of NSAID’s. 4 | P a g e

2. What two things would you tell a patient who is taking antiemetics? A) Antiemetics are used to help the nausea and vomiting. B) The side effects are numerous. Definitely watch for complications, for example heartbeat changes, such as rapid heartbeat. 4. A. List the laxative of choice next to the patient type below (3 pts) a. Older or laxative-dependent patients – Bulk forming b. Pregnant or nursing women or children – Emollients Stool Softeners c. Patients on opiod therapy – Peripherally Acting Mu-opioid Receptor Antagonist B. Name a medication for each class of laxative you have listed above, and provide general dosage information. (3 pts) a) Metamucil - Dosage Take with or without food. Drink a full glass of water with 5 capsules, if using powder mix with 8ozs of water or other non-caffeinated liquid, IF it gets too thick and more liquid. Drink lots of non-caffeinated water through out the day. b) Fleet Mineral Oil – use at bedtime DO not take oral mineral oil with meals. If you are doing Rectal don’t use more than 1 enema in a 24-hour period. Colace- normal dose is 50 to 300mg daily divided in 1 to 4 doses each day. Children less than 2 get a doctors guidance. 2 ro 12 50 to 150mg daily divided in 1 to 4 doses each day as necessary. c) Naloxegol – initial dose 25mg orally once a day with water. Maintenance is 25mg but can be cut down to 12.5mg for those who do not tolerate the higher dose. Prior to taking all other maintenance laxative therapy has to end 3 day before. 5. A 43-year-old male patient calls the physician’s office due to persistent diarrhea for the past 24 hours. The doctor instructs you to recommend that the patient take Pepto-Bismol, following the dosage on the medication label. Answer the following questions regarding this scenario: a. Which medications should the patient be cautious with when taking Pepto-Bismol, and why? (2 pts) Aspirin, Warfarin (blood thinner) Quinolones and tetracyclines b. Which side effects should he be aware of? (1 pt) Transient constipation, Discoloration of the tongue and stool, black color, ringing in the ears. c. What dietary recommendations should the patient follow while taking Pepto- Bismol? (1 pt) Bland in nature, NO roughage and including foods containing the Natural pectin like apples without the peel and no sugar added. d. What is the maximal amount of time the patient should take Pepto-Bismol? (1 pt) Susp. 30mL or 2 tabs q30-60min after each BM. Max out at 8 doses per day. References: Colbert, B., James, A., & Katrancha, E. (2022). Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions (9th ed.). Cengage Learning US. https://purdueuniversityglobal.vitalsource.com/books/9780357618394 5 | P a g e