BUSI511DB2

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Health Science

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Feb 20, 2024

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Historical Context of Healthcare Delivery As explained by Shi and Singh (2023), understanding the historical context of healthcare delivery offers advantages not only to healthcare providers but also to their patients. With the robust history of healthcare delivery, from medical services in preindustrial America to modern healthcare reform, an understanding of the history of healthcare delivery serves as a framework for comprehending the intricacies of the healthcare ecosystem. Shi and Singh (2023) discuss the potential impact of understanding the historical context of healthcare delivery, including how it can be used for decision-making and policy implementation, which can then be used to identify future challenges that may arise in healthcare (Shi & Singh, 2023). "As new advancements in medicine occur, the respective governance must also adapt to meet the needs of the healthcare system. This adaptability is closely tied to understanding how policies have changed over time. For instance, consider the historical case of the implementation of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. The lessons learned from the development of these programs, including their successes and challenges, continue to inform contemporary healthcare policy decisions. Keirns (2023) elaborates on this point by highlighting that healthcare policy is not static; rather, it is in a constant state of evolution, responding to new challenges. By examining historical healthcare policies and their outcomes, policymakers gain valuable insights into what works and what doesn't, enabling them to develop effective strategies to address the evolving challenges of our healthcare system (Keirns, 2023). Understanding the historical context also allows for a better understanding of the various socioeconomic factors that have impacted healthcare delivery, as well as the role individual healthcare workers have played (Shi & Singh, 2023). Fiscella and Williams (2004) discuss the history of socioeconomic factors impacting healthcare delivery disparities, including the role of slavery and segregation in creating and perpetuating racial disparities in health, emphasizing the need to develop effective interventions to address these disparities (Fiscella & Williams, 2004). Predominant Factors Shaping U.S. Health Care Delivery Shi and Singh (2023) outline several factors that shape the trajectory of healthcare delivery in the United States, providing an overview of the intricate interplay in shaping the nation's healthcare landscape. These factors include cultural beliefs such as self-reliance and welfare assistance, societal shifts driven by demographic changes, technological advancements spanning scientific research to information technology, economic pressures tied to healthcare costs and insurance, political dynamics ranging from presidential agendas to interest group power, and ecological forces including emerging diseases and global travel impacts (Shi & Singh, 2023). Of these factors, technological advances and economic constraints have likely had the most significant impacts on healthcare delivery. Shi and Singh (2023) highlight the transformative role of technological advances in U.S. healthcare delivery, emphasizing how these advances have not only enhanced the quality and affordability of care but also facilitated more effective disease diagnosis and treatment, along with the development of minimally invasive procedures (Shi & Singh, 2023). In a study performed on pediatric cancer patients by Huang et al. (2018), it was found that advances in imaging technology and improved healthcare accessibility have resulted in notable changes in the initial staging of pediatric cancers in the United States, with the

proportion of children diagnosed with early-stage cancer rising from 65.7% in 1996–2000 to 80.9% in 2010–2014, and the observed shift being attributed to the increased utilization of advanced imaging techniques such as MRI and CT scans (Huang et al., 2018). While the benefits of technological advancements are plentiful, it is imperative that policymakers and healthcare providers continue to leverage these innovations to enhance the quality, affordability, and accessibility of care for all Americans. Economic constraints have also been a predominant factor in shaping the U.S. health delivery system, which despite remaining an ongoing issue, has yielded positive results. Arguably the greatest benefit of economic constraints has been in the form of payment reforms within the healthcare system, with initiatives such as value-based care or "healthcare that achieves better health outcomes at a lower cost" and provides improved patient outcomes (Porter, 2009). Biblical Integrations The discussion of universal healthcare access, which could absolve issues caused by economic constraints, is often rooted in political undertones. However, rather than focusing on political beliefs, a review of Biblical values highlights God’s view on the principles of universal healthcare. 1 Corinthians 6:19-20 states, “Or do you not know that your body is a temple of the Holy Spirit within you, whom you have from God? You are not your own, for you were bought with a price. So glorify God in your body,” where we have been purchased at a price and bestowed with our bodies as a gift from God, thus it is our duty to utilize them to honor Him, and complications arise when we view our choices as disconnected from our physical selves or inconsequential to our overall well-being. Psalm 41:1 states, “Blessed is the one who considers the poor! In the day of trouble, the Lord delivers him,” blessing those who care for the poor and needy. Thus, God has decreed for us to not only take care of our own bodies but also care for the less fortunate, which when combined make up the core tenants of universal healthcare. Resources Fiscella, K., & Williams, D. R. (2004). Health disparities based on socioeconomic inequities: implications for urban health care. Academic Medicine , 79 (12), 1139-1147. Huang, A. J., Huang, K. E., & Lee, J. W. (2018). Advances in Imaging Technology and Increases in Healthcare Accessibility Have Led to Shifts in the Initial Staging of Pediatric Cancers in the US. Keirns, C. (2023). History of Health Policy: Explaining Complexity through Time. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences , 78 (1), 34-45. Porter, M. E. (2009). A strategy for health care reform—toward a value-based system. N Engl J Med , 361 (2), 109-112. Shi, L., & Singh, D. A. (2023). Essentials of the U.S. Health Care System — With Access (6th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN: 9781284235104. The Holy Bible, New International Version. (2011). Blue Letter Bible. https://www.blueletterbible.org/niv/index.cfm (Original work published 1973)

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