NUR-550 Topic 3 DQ 2

.docx

School

Grand Canyon University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

550

Subject

Health Science

Date

Jun 21, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

2

Uploaded by rccorral

Discuss the role of the Institutional Review Board (IRB). Discuss ethical research considerations specific to population health. How are respect for the persons, potential benefits and burdens of the research, and justice kept in balance? Provide an example. Legislation to protect human subjects in research was implemented in the 1970’s after public outcry from the discovery of atrocities, such as the Tuskegee experiment (CDC, 2023). In this particular experiment, black men with syphilis were not given the correct diagnosis, were told they had “bad blood,” and were given a placebo in many instances, despite the cure being well- known by the 1940’s (CDC, 2023). Part of this legislation mandated institutional review boards (IRBs). IRBs operate under Food and Drug Administration regulations and have the authority to approve, require modifications to, or disapprove of research (Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, 2019). Institutional Review Boards have a crucial role in protecting the rights and welfare of human research subjects (Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, 2019). Ethical research considerations specific to population health are critically important, especially as this phase of translational research is applied to entire populations and the impact is wide. The same four ethical principles apply, beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice, but on a larger scale. Fair subject selection requires that people who have the potential risks and burdens of the research, also receive the potential benefits (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2022, p. 819). Justice, along with equality and equity, requires effective use of resources according to best evidence, in a timely and equitable manner (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2022, p. 809). Respect for persons is related to human dignity and promotes patient-centeredness and equity (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2022, p. 809). An example of keeping this balance would be ensuring the human subject selection is a representative sample of the larger population to ensure generalizability and benefit to diverse populations. References
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, January 9). Public Health Service study of untreated syphilis at Tuskegee and Macon County . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/index.html Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. (2019, September 11). (IRBs) and Protection of Human Subjects . U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/center-drug-evaluation-and-research-cder/institutional- review-boards-irbs-and-protection-human-subjects-clinical-trials Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2022). Evidence-Based practice in nursing & healthcare (5th ed.). Wolters Kluwer Health.
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
  • Access to all documents
  • Unlimited textbook solutions
  • 24/7 expert homework help