Week2MineralChartADEdone

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Fullerton College *

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100

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Geology

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Oct 30, 2023

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Mineral Name Picture of Mineral Luster Hardnes s Cleavage/ Fracture Streak Other Uses  Talc Nonmetallic (NM), silky, and greasy 1 – Can scratch with a fingernail No cleavage White Very soft, Specific gravity is 2.7-2.8 Facial make-up, paint, ceramics, sculpture  Gypsum Vitreous, silky, sugary 2- Can scratch with a fingernail Has 3 cleavage planes White Transparent to translucent. Specific gravity 2.31 -2.33 Portland cement, drywall, dental impressions, dishware  Calcite Vitreous, dull 3- Can’t be scratched by fingernail but can be scratched byglass Rhombohedral cleavage Colorless Specific gravity of 2.1 Used primarily as construction aggregates, and production of lime and cement.  Fluorite Vitreous 4 Cleavage – perfect. Fracture – Subconchoidal to uneven White Specific gravity 3.175 – 3.184 Numerous uses in ceramics, metallurgical. High clarity pieces for camera, microscope lenses.  Apatite Vitreous, subresinous 5 Cleavage – undistinct. Fracture – conchoidal to uneven White Specific gravity 3.16 – 3.22 Fertilizer, Aimal feed supplements.  Feldspa r Vitreous 6.0 – 6.5 Cleavage – 3-3. Fracture – along cleavage planes White Specific gravity 2.55 – 2.76 Glassmaking, ceramics, extender in paint, platics, and rubber by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under

Mineral Name Picture of Mineral Luster Hardness Cleavage/ Fracture Streak Other Uses  Quartz Vitreius, waxy 7 Cleavage– indistinct. Fracture – conchoidal White Specific gravity 2.65; variable 2.59 – 2.63 Oscillators for watches, clocks, radios, tv’s, electronic games, cell phones and GPS equipment.  Topaz Vitreous 8 Cleavage- perfect. Fracture- Subconchoidal to uneven White Specific gravity 3.49 -3.57 Jewelry  Corundum Adamantine, vitreous 9 Cleavage- None Fracture- Conchoidal to uneven Colorless Specific gravity 3.95 – 4.10 Used as an abrasive to polish metals and grinding optical glass.  Diamond Adamantine 10 Cleavage- 111 perfect Fracture- irregular/uneven Colorless Specific gravity 2.52 Jewelry, industrial applications Olivine Vitreous 6.5 – 7 Cleavage- Poor Fracture- Conchoidal None Specific gravity 3.2-4.5 Used in metallurgical process as slag conditioner Pyroxene (Augite) Vitreous to dull 5 - 7 Cleavage- perfect Fracture- Uneven to splintery White Specific gravity 3.0 – 4.0 No commercial use by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under

a) List the 8 major components (i.e. calcium) or elements that make up minerals. Oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. b) What mineral has the greatest percentage in rocks? Feldspar Mineral Name Picture of Mineral Luster Hardness Cleavage/ Fracture Streak Other Uses Hornblende (Amphibole) Vitreous to dull 5 – 6 Cleavage- Imperfect Fracture- Uneven Pale-gray, gray- white, colorless Specific gravity 2.9 Crushed and used for highway construction and railroad ballast Biotite Mica Vitreous to pearly 2.5 – 3.0 Cleavage- Perfect on the {001} Fracture- Micaceous White Specific gravity 2.7 – 3.3 Filler and extender in paints, non-stick surface coating on shingles Potassium Feldspar Vitreous 6 Cleavage- perfect and good Fracture- uneven White Specific gravity 2.5 – 2.8 Some glass, porcelain Muscovite Mica Vitreous, silky, pearly 2-2.5 parallel to {001}. 4 rt angle to {001} Cleavage- Perfect Fracture- Micaceous White Specific gravity 2.76 - 3 Filler and extender in paints, glitter in paints, ceramic glazes, cosmetics Rose and Amethyst Quartz Vitreous, glassy 7 Cleavage- None Fracture- Conchoidal White Specific gravity 2.65 constant Used as alternative medicine to promote serenity and calm Plagioclase Feldspar Vitreous 6 – 6.5 Cleavage- Approximately 90 degrees Fracture- brittle White Specific gravity 2.62 (albite) to 2.76 (anorthite) Manufacture of glass and ceramics , gemstones. by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under by Unknown Author is licensed under

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