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Apr 3, 2024
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Uploaded by JusticeExplorationApe11
Paige Boudreaux
Mrs. Eddy English 2000
27 Feb. 2023 Does Social Media Lead to Depression in Adolescents and Teens?
Introduction
Social media has become a significant part of everyday life, especially for adolescents and teens. While there are obvious benefits when it comes to the use of social media, there is an increased concern surrounding social media use and the negative mental health effects it may cause, particularly depression. As social media use increases, more negative consequences have been linked to its use, particularly in young people. Because of this, social media use and its effects on mental health has become a highly studied subject. The article “Social Media Use and Depression in Adolescents: A Scoping View”
published by the
International Review of Psychiatry
sparked my interest in this topic. My knowledge about social media and its effects on teens and adolescents is based on first-hand experience. When used correctly, social media can be beneficial. However, there are definite risks associated with social media use, especially negative mental health effects including depression, and in many instances those risks outweigh the perceived benefits. As I continue to research my topic surrounding social media and depression, I hope to gain a greater knowledge about the lesser known risks and benefits of social media and learn ways social media can be used in a healthy way. Overall, I am not expecting my opinion that social media leads to depression to change based on my research, but I
will remain open-minded and am committed to learning regardless of what the research might show.
There are several common arguments that support there is no link between social media use and depression, and the benefits of social media outweigh the risks. First, social media allows people to connect and share with family and friends. Social media also allows people to build new relationships and find support. The internet gives us the ability to complete these tasks
no matter the distance. In addition, social media can be used as a means of communication during a crisis. For example, social media was often used to connect with people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conversely, those who believe the risks outweigh the benefits of social media argue that teens and adolescents are adapting poor communication skills, lack personal relationships, and often suffer from the development of low self-esteem and depression. Throughout my research, I came across both popular and scholarly articles. Three popular articles I found were from Healthline, The New York Times, and
Child Mind Institute
. Although these articles are considered popular sources, they provide credible research regarding depression
in teens and adolescents. My scholarly sources include
Taylor & Francis, International Review of Psychiatry,
and Sage Publications. All of my scholarly articles are current and give in depth analysis on the benefits and risks of social media use among teens and adolescents.
Annotations
Appel, Markus, et al. “Are Social Media Ruining Our Lives? A Review of Meta-Analytic Evidence.” Sage Publications
, Sage Publications, 2020, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1089268019880891. In the article published by the Review of General Psycology
, a rigorously peer-reviewed psychology journal, the authors Markus Appel, Caroline Marker, and Timo Gnambs conduct a meta-analysis reviewing published studies on the effects of social media. The article was split up into sections comparing social media (use) to public debate, well-being, academic achievement, and narcissism. There was found to be no significant effect from social media on academic achievement, and no strong link between social media and feelings of loneliness, low self-
esteem, and depression. The authors claim that social media contributes to devastating effects amongst youths. I will be using this article in argument to my statement that social media leads to depression in teens and adolescents. El-Khoury, Joseph, et al. “Characteristics of Social Media 'Detoxification' in University Students.” Taylor & Francis
, Informa UK Limited , 29 Nov. 2020, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19932820.2020.1846861. The authors of this article published in the Libyan Journal of Medicine
, a high quality peer-
reviewed medical journal, Joseph El-Khoury, Riwa Haidar, Rama Rand Kanj, Linda Bou Ali & Ghaidaa Majari, used a quantitative cross-sectional online survey design to conduct their study about the exposure to social media detoxification using a sample of students from a university that was blinded for the review. The results were given in four sections: demographics,
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demographic differences between age groups, concerns associated with social media usage, and lasting benefits of digital detox. Given the results, it was found that there is problematic use of social media in university students who took the survey. Many of the students understood the term “social media detox,” and a significant amount of them participated in a variation of this interruption of social media use. I will be using this article to support my argument that social media leads to depression in teens and adolescents. Miller, Caroline. “Does Social Media Use Cause Depression?” Child Mind Institute
, Child Mind Institute, Inc., 19 Dec. 2022, https://childmind.org/article/is-social-media-use-causing-
depression/. In the article written by Caroline Miller, with clinical experts Dr. Jerry Bubrick and Dr. Alexandra Hamlet, published by Child Mind Institute Inc.
, negative effects of social media are discussed by providing statistics along with helpful tips on how to minimize negative effects of social media use. Throughout the article, Miller discusses the correlation between social media and several unhealthy habits that can result from excessive social media use, including, perceived isolation, depression, loss in self-esteem, less healthy activity, disrupted concentration,
and sleep deprivation. In each section, at least one statistic or comment from a doctor is used to further add to Miller’s argument. Multiple steps are given at the end of the article to help readers minimize negative effects of social media use. I will be using this article to support my argument
that the risks outweigh the benefits when it comes to social media causing depression in teens and adolescents.
Richtel, Matt. “A Teen's Journey into the Internet's Darkness and Back Again.” The New York Times
, The New York Times Company, 22 Aug. 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/22/health/adolescents-mental-health-technology.html
.
Matt Richtel, a Pulitzer Prize-winning reporter for The New York Times, wrote an article published by The New York Times that follows a story of a teenager referred to as C and her struggles with the internet. The story is presented in three sections split up by statistics, studies, quotes from clinicians. C’s story is detailed as it shares her struggles from ages 10 to 18 with social media and its effect on her mental health, from self-harm, an eating disorder, and depression. The author, Richtel, also gives note to two other points: a double whammy (i.e., early
puberty and social media) and sleep and other factors. Richtel includes a multitude of statistics in
each section along pathos to show the effects social media can have on a teenager. I will be using
this article to support my claim that social media leads to depression in teens and adolescents. Swaim, Emily. “Does Social Media Contribute to Teen Depression?” Healthline
, Healthline Media, 17 June 2022, https://www.healthline.com/health/depression/social-media-
depression-in-teens. The article published by Healthline Media, written by Emily Swaim, a freelance health writer and editor, and medically reviewed by Dr. Alikah Reynolds, uses different sources to debate whether or not social media can harm or help teen’s and adolescent’s mental health. Swaim explains the downsides of social media along with potential benefits, then gives ways to create a balance between the two in order to maintain a healthy relationship with social media. Swaim then also suggests tips to parents to set reasonable limits to prevent trust issues with their teen and gives a list of social media-related concerns a therapist can use. In each section, Swaim
refers to different studies, statistics, or doctors to prove her credibility. I will be using this article in both support and argument of my statement that social media leads to depression in teens and adolescents. Vidal, Carol, et al. “Social Media Use and Depression in Adolescents: A Scoping Review.” International Review of Psychiatry (Abingdon, England)
, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 17 Feb. 2020, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32065542/. The authors Carol Vidal, Tenzin Lhaksampa, Leslie Miller, and Rheanna Platt, three of which are mental health professionals and one who is a Senior Research Program Coordinator, follow the framework suggested by Arksey and O’Malley for this scoping review of association between depression and suicidality and the use of social media and social networking services. The authors grouped the studies reviewed into four themes with nine categories each. The four themes were quantity of social media use, quality of social media use, social aspects of social media use, and disclosure of mental health symptoms. After this extensive research, it was found that there is an association between the use of social media and depression in adolescents. However, there were also some aspects of social media that the authors found had a beneficial effect on adolescents and their well-being. I plan to use this article in support of my argument that social media leads to depression in teens and adolescents.
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