Annotated Bibliography – Why should environmental based immigration from Iraq to USA

docx

School

Community College of Baltimore County *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

101

Subject

Communications

Date

Jan 9, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by BrigadierStarGoldfish15

Annotated Bibliography – Why should environmental based immigration from Iraq to USA Fast Tracking Abdelrahman Elgebaly Catherine Bruzdzinski Fundamentals of Communication 101 DMA: 91673 December 5, 2023

Harjanto , L. H., & Batalova, J. (2022, January 13). Middle eastern and North African immigrants in the United States . migrationpolicy.org. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/middle-eastern-and-north-african-immigrants- united-states Harjanto and Batalova focus on The history and characteristics of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) immigrants to the United States. The MENA region has a long history of migration to the U.S., with different waves of migration influenced by various factors such as political instability and economic opportunities. Between 2000 and 2019, the immigrant population from the MENA region doubled to 1.2 million, representing around 3 percent of the total foreign-born population in the U.S. MENA immigrants have diverse origins, with Iraq and Egypt being the top countries of origin. They are dispersed throughout the U.S., with significant populations in California, Michigan, New York, Texas, and New Jersey. MENA immigrants in the U.S. are more likely to be college graduates and work in management, business, science, and arts occupations. However, they also face higher poverty rates compared to other immigrant groups. data on language diversity, age, education, employment, income, immigration pathways, health coverage, and remittances among MENA immigrants. The importance Mena immigrants came to the United States. The law ended the stringent national- originated quota system that highly preferred migration from Western Europe. MENA immigrants were motivated to migrate for varied reasons such as family reunification, economic and educational opportunities, and the need for humanitarian protection. A growing number also were Muslims, as compared to earlier periods of significant migration of MENA immigrants to the United States. Between 2000 and 2019, the immigrant population from the MENA region doubled from 596,000 to 1.2 million, representing a little less than 3 percent of the U.S. foreign-born population of 44.9 million as of 2019. Alfardan, R. (2021, May 4). Iraq’s growing desertification problem . Planetary Security Initiative. https://www.planetarysecurityinitiative.org/news/iraqs-growing-desertification- problem Alfardan, R. Focus on Above all Iraq is facing a growing problem of desertification, which is a consequence of land degradation in a semi-arid climate caused by human activities and climatic changes. Recent reports indicate that 39% of Iraq's land is affected by desertification, with an additional 54% under threat. The country's dry climate, low precipitation rates (less than 150mm per year), and high evaporation rates make it vulnerable to climate change. Factors contributing to desertification in Iraq include natural causes such as droughts, temperature increases, erosion, and salinization of the soil, as well as human causes like population growth, deforestation, mismanagement of water, food supplies and homes. Incorrect farming practices and urban expansion. Desertification has economic consequences, including decreased agricultural productivity, competition for resources and job opportunities in urban areas, and threats to irrigation and development projects. If left unaddressed, desertification can also pose security threats, as seen during the Islamic State insurgency.

It's easy. Iraq's problem is a lack of food, water, jobs, and homes due to several negative effects of climate change, including decreased rainfall and rising sea levels. These conditions lead to the emergence of many phenomena, including desertification. Desertification is the result of land degradation in a semi-arid climate zone, which is mostly caused by human activities and climate changes. Recent reports showed that the rate of desertification has risen to 39% of Iraq's territory, and 54% of it is threatened. Iraq's climate is dry or semi-arid with less than 150 mm of rainfall annually and high evaporation rates. Rainfall that falls outside the internal borders is the main source of water in Iraq, where 80% of the water comes from. This rate of over-reliance, poor water management, inefficient agricultural practices, and an already dry climate make it vulnerable to climate change and the whims of its neighbors in Iraq. Gov, C. (2023, November 29). The World Factbook Explore Countries Iraq Middle East . Central Intelligence Agency. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/iraq/ Gov, C The World Factbook Focus on Iraq, formerly part of the Ottoman Empire, gained independence in 1932. It transitioned to a republic in 1958 after a coup and was ruled by a series of strongmen until 2003, notably Saddam Hussein. The country faced territorial disputes with Iran and a costly war from 1980 to 1988. In 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait but was expelled by a US-led coalition during the Gulf War. Non-compliance with UN resolutions led to the Second Gulf War in 2003, resulting in the ouster of Saddam Hussein. Iraq adopted a constitution in 2005, formed a constitutional government, and established the Kurdistan Regional Government. The country held multiple national legislative elections, with the most recent occurring in 2021. Iraq fought against the Islamic State of Iraq and Ash-Sham (ISIS) from 2014 to 2017, reclaiming territory. The nation has a strategic location on the Shatt al Arab waterway and at the head of the Persian Gulf. It has a diverse population, with Arabs and Kurds being the largest ethnic groups. Arabic and Kurdish are the official languages. This supports and provides an example of how Iraq's front and back approved the constitution in a national referendum, and according to this document, the 275-member House of Representatives was elected in December 2005. The House of Representatives approved most of the ministers in May 2006, marking the transition To the first constitutional government in Iraq in nearly half a century. The Iraqi constitution also established the Kurdistan Regional Government, a semi-autonomous region that administers the governorates of Erbil, Dohuk, and Sulaymaniyah. Iraq has held four national legislative elections since 2006, the last of which was in October 2021 when 329 legislators were elected to the House of Representatives. Following these elections and the long process of forming Iraq's government in the post-Saddam era, the House of Representatives approved Muhammad Shia ‘a al-Sudani as prime minister in October 2022.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Refugee Agency, U. (2023, December 3). Iraq refugee crisis: Aid, statistics, and news: USA FOR UNHCR . USA for UNHCR. The Un Refugee Agency. https://www.unrefugees.org/emergencies/iraq/ Refugee Agency, U. focus on The Iraqi refugee crisis is an ongoing humanitarian issue caused by decades of conflict and violence in the country. Currently, there are nearly 1.2 million internally displaced Iraqis and over 280,000 refugees from other countries residing in Iraq. Approximately 3 million Iraqis require humanitarian assistance and protection, with 1 million people in acute need. While approximately 5 million internally displaced persons have returned, they often face substandard living conditions and require support to meet their basic needs. The situation remains challenging due to armed groups and sporadic attacks throughout the country. UNHCR is actively involved in providing aid and protection to refugees and internally displaced people. They focus on registration, legal and psychosocial support, prevention of sexual and gender-based violence, child protection, reunification of families, and monitoring safe returns. Additionally, UNHCR assists with shelter, basic needs, camp coordination, and management, as well as supporting education initiatives. The crisis in Iraq has led to the displacement of millions, and they are in desperate need of life-saving aid. The relationship UN Migration and Refugee Agency is on the ground in Iraq and surrounding regions, working to protect and provide emergency relief efforts for refugees and internally displaced people. Together with partners and government authorities, the Protection of Iraq People includes activities related to registration, legal and psychosocial support, prevention and response to child protection, and reunification of separated families. Shelter and UNHCR work to ensure adequate shelter, delivery of food and water, presence of education and health facilities, and capacity building for stakeholders. UNHCR has enrolled 90 percent of Iraqi children in grades 1-4 in public schools and recruited hundreds of teachers. UNHCR is also providing cash assistance to defray transportation costs and offering transitory/remedial classes. Maryland , 211. (2023, November 22). New to the United States and Maryland? find help . 211 Maryland. https://211md.org/resources/new-to-the-us-and-maryland/#:~:text=Immigration %20Help%20Center&text=211%20Maryland%20provides%20immigrant %20resources,mental%20health%20by%20dialing%20211 . Maryland , 211. Focus on The Immigration Help Center is offered by 211 Maryland. This center serves as a one-stop resource for immigrants and new Americans, connecting them to the local resources they need. Services include assistance with finding food, housing, employment, healthcare, and mental health support. All calls to 211 are free and confidential. The website also mentions the importance of knowing three-digit numbers to access immediate support, such as dialing 911 for emergency, 988 for mental health and substance use concerns, and 211 for local resources. It highlights the availability of interpretation services in over 150 languages. The site also provides information on obtaining identification, accessing education services, job training, health insurance options, and free or low-cost medical and dental care. It addresses mental health and substance use concerns, reporting hate crimes or incidents, and starting the naturalization process.

This helps that Maryland offers for immigration that comes from comprehensive assistance to Iraqi immigrants arriving in the USA fast tracking , including access to personal information and resources like 211. The state connects individuals to local resources for food, housing, employment, healthcare, and mental health. All calls are free and confidential, and individuals can dial a 3-digit number to access assistance. Maryland also provides mental health support through free and confidential programs, behavioral health resources, and basic needs assistance.it helps and supports those who need assistance with mental health support through free and confidential programs, behavioral health resources, and assistance. Oliveros, M. A. (2023, June 27). Jobs for immigrants: What you need to know to work in the U.S. Beyond Borders. https://blog.remitly.com/immigration/jobs-for-immigrants/#:~:text=Although%20some %20industries%20employ%20a,sewing%20machine%20operators%2C%20and %20housekeepers . Oliveros, M. A. Focus on The jobs for immigrants in the United States and provides information on how immigrants can find employment opportunities. It mentions that immigrants make up about 17% of the U.S. workforce and are employed across various sectors, including administrative services, construction, hospitality, agriculture, and computer science. The article highlights common jobs for immigrants such as manicurists, agricultural product sorters, plasterers, sewing machine operators, and housekeepers. It also suggests several ways for immigrants to find jobs, including applying to employers who have certifications to hire non-U.S. citizens, checking the U.S. embassy in their home country for job fairs, utilizing job search portals, and exploring resources from non-profit organizations like Upwardly Global and the Immigration Welcome Center. Immigrants are increasingly contributing to the healthcare, education, and professional services sectors. The Iraqi immigrants to the USA are a rapidly growing group, making up about 17% of the US workforce. They are employed across all sectors, including administrative services, construction, hospitality, and agriculture. Common jobs include manicurists, sorters, plasterers, sewing machine operators, and housekeepers. Most U.S. visas are employment-based, requiring a job lined up for eligibility. Employers need permission to hire non-U.S. citizens or permanent residents. To apply for roles, applicants should apply with employers who have the necessary certification or are willing to consider suitable candidates. If applying from abroad, the U.S. embassy may provide information about job fairs or companies seeking labor. Additionally, U.S. websites can assist in finding immigrant jobs.

References Alfardan, R. (2021, May 4). Iraq’s growing desertification problem. Planetary Security Initiative. https://www.planetarysecurityinitiative.org/news/iraqs-growing-desertification-problem \ Gov, C. (2023, November 29). The World Factbook Explore Countries Iraq Middle East. Central Intelligence Agency. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/iraq/ Maryland , 211. (2023, November 22). New to the United States and Maryland? find help. 211 Maryland. https://211md.org/resources/new-to-the-us-and-maryland/#:~:text=Immigration %20Help%20Center&text=211%20Maryland%20provides%20immigrant %20resources,mental%20health%20by%20dialing%20211 . Oliveros, M. A. (2023, June 27). Jobs for immigrants: What you need to know to work in the U.S. Beyond Borders. https://blog.remitly.com/immigration/jobs-for-immigrants/#:~:text=Although%20some %20industries%20employ%20a,sewing%20machine%20operators%2C%20and %20housekeepers . Refugee Agency, U. (2023, December 3). Iraq refugee crisis: Aid, statistics, and news: USA FOR UNHCR. USA for UNHCR. The Un Refugee Agency. https://www.unrefugees.org/emergencies/iraq/

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Annotated Bibliography – Why should environmental based immigration from Iraq to USA

Related Documents