Reading Check_Unit10

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Dec 6, 2023

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AB541: Concepts & Principles II Reading Check (5 pts) Unit 10 Student: Readings: 1. Reynolds (1961) 2. Nevin & Shettleworth (1966) 3. Pierce: Chapter 9: Choice & Preference Instructions: Answer each question based on the assigned reading in your own words. The purpose of this is to think about the purpose of the reading, rather than to regurgitate a summary. Reynolds (1961) 1. What is the purpose of this study? (0.5 pt) Reynolds (1961) discovered that a change in the component of a multiple schedule due to rate of reinforcement, the opposite was felt in the response rate of the constant component. The purpose was to find out what variations in the second component which is variable schedules are able to increase the rate of responding for the first component and what variations are able to let it be constant. 2. Explain what the different components and phases were in the methods of this study. (1 pt) There were four procedures which had two components. Component one was always variable interval schedule and component two schedule always varied or was different. 3. What were the effects of time out, extinction, and DRO on rate of responding in the VI schedule? (1.5 pts) The results indicated that time out and extinction both produce an increase in responding on an alternated VI schedule. Nevin & Shettleworth (1966) What are transient effects? What are sustained effects? (0.5 pt) Transient effects are changes in response rate with repeated presentations or a constant schedule, of the constant component after it has been exposed to the varied component. It is also in the discussion of the study stated as being the short term after-effects brought on by excitation or

AB541: Concepts & Principles II Reading Check (5 pts) Unit 10 Student: inhibition. This however depends on the frequency of the reinforcement in the stimulus preceding it. Sustained effects are similar but are rather measured by shifts in the responding level over many sequential cycles of a multiple schedule. Most commonly from one session to the next. 1. What did they conclude had an effect on transient effects? (0.5 pt) One of the things they mention is excitation or inhibition which is emotionality or through relative reinforcement. Pierce: Chapter 9 – Schedules & Choice 1. Explain one concept you learned about in this chapter & how you can use that in your practice/career or your daily life. (1 pt) It is safe to say that I won’t be using any of the formulas/ equations from this chapter, however there are some takeaways from it. Richard Herrnstein and William Baum’s theory on generalized matching law was particularly interesting to me because it showcased how there are essentially two alternatives to every situation. Either you do it or you don’t, you take it or you leave it. I can clearly see that my choices are essentially dictated by the amount of reinforcement that is provided with it. In my daily life, I can apply the same law and see how whether my decision making is due to the reinforcements viable and whether that is the correct choice then, or is it just because it has the most amount of reinforcement available. To put it into perspective say I must work Saturday and Sunday but there is a party at Lady Gaga’s house. The reinforcement for me to ditch work and go to the party would be meeting Lady Gaga, going to a party, having a good time, drinking, socializing. Versus with work, it would be just getting money and feeling good about helping someone. The latter would not be a choice for me because of only two points of reinforcement but with now having this law I can clearly make those decisions and see.

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