PHY 122 Lab 1
pdf
keyboard_arrow_up
School
SUNY at Albany *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
122
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
Pages
7
Uploaded by davonial041401
DaVonia LaMar 1/29/24 Wave Speed or Warp Speed Online Lab
Theory: The movement of waves is caused by disturbances in the water's surface, such as a droplet striking the water or wind blowing across it. This phenomenon is known as fluid dynamics. The distance between subsequent peaks or troughs is represented by the wavelength of these waves, or λ, which depends on several elements including surface tension and the type of initial disturbance. It also shows how far apart compressions are from one another. The number of waves that pass a certain spot in a unit of time, or frequency (f), depends on how quickly disruptions happen. Also, the higher frequencies result in shorter wavelengths Wavelength and frequency are multiplied to find the wave speed (v) (v = fλ), which indicates how rapidly the waves move across the water. When two or more waves collide and overlap in a way that causes their amplitudes to add together, creating a bigger wave, this is known as constructive interference. A
resultant
= A
1
+ A
2
is the equation for two waves with amplitudes. The equation A
resultant
= A
1
-A
2
describes destructive interference, which happens when two waves collide and overlap in a way that causes their amplitudes to subtract, producing a wave with a reduced or zero amplitude.
Data: Destructive Constructive Water Frequency(Hz) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) AVG time (s) Wavelength (m) Wave speed (m/s) 0.62 1.81 1.76 1.26 1.61 0.040 0.025 0.75 1.35 1.40 1.26 1.34 0.027 0.020 0.84 1.26 1.13 1.18 1.19 0.018 0.015 0.80 1.18 1.40 1.18 1.25 0.013 0.010 0.72 1.35 1.35 1.46 1.39 0.010 0.007 Average 0.016
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Sound Frequency(Hz) Time 1 (s)
Time 2 (s)
Time 3 (s) AVG time (s) Wavelength (m) Wave speed (m/s) 226.76 0.00465 0.00379 0.00479 0.00441 0.995 225.63 235.29 0.00445 0.00445 0.00385 0.00425 0.862 202.82 242.72 0.00419 0.00405 0.00412 0.00412 0.646 156.80 281.69 0.00372 0.00346 0.00346 0.00355 0.488 137.46 347.22 0.00326 0.00299 0.00239 0.00288 0.386 134.03 Average 171.35 Sample Calculations: v = fλ= 226.76(0.995)= 225.63m/s Average time = (0.00465+0.00379+0.00479) / 3 = 0.00441s average wave speed=(225.63+202.82+156.80+137.46+134.03) / 5 = 171.35m/s Percentage Difference=
∣∣
0.010+0.020/((0.010−0.020)/2)
∣∣
×100=33.33% Questions: 1.)
What is your average wave speed for this simulation? a.
0.016 m/s 2.)
Complete the sentence, “As the frequency of the drops increased, the wavelength _ decreases/ gets smaller
_.” 3.)
Describe the relationship you observe between the frequency and wavelength.
a.
In a wave, frequency and wavelength have an inversely proportional relationship. Assuming that the wave speed stays constant, a wave's wavelength reduces as its frequency increases and vice versa. Stated otherwise, the product of wavelength and frequency for a certain wave propagating through a given medium remains constant. 4.)
When you shared your data with another student, are any of the wave speeds greater than 10% difference? Which trials seem to be different? a.
For both water and sound all the percentage differences are greater than 10%, indicating that there are significant differences between the corresponding wave speeds in the two sets. 5.)
How do the speeds you calculated for your trials done in air compare to the speed you found for the water waves? Which type of wave travels faster? Explain why the speeds are different. a.
For both air and water waves, the two speeds I computed are entirely different. A wave's speed is determined by the medium it passes through. The density and compressibility of air are two factors that affect sound speed in the atmosphere. The density and surface tension of the water, among other factors, affect the waves' speed. Sound waves move far more quickly than water waves in general. This is because compared to water, air is more compressible and less thick. Faster energy transfer is made possible by the compressions and rarefactions of air molecules, which cause sound waves to propagate. Conversely, water waves have a slower wave speed because the movement of the water particles is more complicated.
6.)
This lab allows you to see waves that we sometimes do not see in real life, (we can’t see sound waves) so there are some benefits to doing simulations for labs but we do have error when conducting any experiment. Describe in detail some places where error may be a factor in the collection of your data for the simulation. How do you propose to reduce error (error cannot be eliminated completely.) ? a.
Errors in Reaction time may arise from the accuracy of the stopwatch or timing device used to measure the time intervals in the simulation. The wavelength measurement may be affected if the wave's length is not measured accurately. Reaction time mistakes are also introduced by the human factor while starting and pausing the stopwatch or taking measurements. Reduce response time mistakes by honing the method and making sure it is consistent. Make sure to double-check all calculations and data entry. Whenever possible, collect and analyze data using automated technologies. Conclusion: In conclusion, this lab gave us important new understandings of the basic properties of waves and the variables that affect their behavior. A greater comprehension of the connection between frequency, wavelength, and wave speed in both sound and water waves was made possible by the data gathered and examined. Wavelengths and wave speeds were determined for the water wave using the frequencies and timings that were recorded. According to the inverse connection between frequency and wavelength, the results showed that the wavelength reduced as the frequency increased. These settings caused the wave speed to vary from trial to trial. It was discovered that the average wave speed was around 0.016 m/s. The frequencies and timings
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
were also used to calculate wave speeds and wavelengths in the case of sound. The average sound speed in air was determined to be around 171.35 m/s. This far faster speed than in the water wave experiment brought to light the ways that air and water have different wave propagation properties.
Related Documents
Related Questions
Please do surface tension, polar molecules, shape structure and transparent
arrow_forward
please help me with my hw. Please answer letter b completely. Hoping for you to help me as i am struggling so much. Tysm❤️
TYPES OF SOLIDS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
Solids can be categorized as crystalline and amorphous. The difference in properties of these two groups of solid arises from the presence or absence of long range order of arrangement of the particles in the solid.
Properties
Crystalline Solid
Amorphous solid
Arrangement of particles
Arranged in fixed geometric pattern or lattices.
Have random orientation of particles
Behavior when heated
Attractive forces are broken by same amount of energy, thus, becomes liquid at a specific temperature.
Softens when gradually heated, they tend to melt over a wide range of temperature.
FACTS:
More than 90% of naturally occurring and artificially prepared solids are crystalline.
The repetition of structural units of substance over long atomic distances is referred to as long-range order.
The repeating units…
arrow_forward
models are functional tools that scientists use to explain complex behaviors. What is a benefit of the Spacefill model? what is a draw back
arrow_forward
3. Which of the following provides the best explanation for why the water drop does not slide off the inclined plane?
90 80 70 co
50
40
30
0-
10-
O A The polar water molecules are absorbed by the underlying surface
OB. The polar water molecules cause the surface to become temporarily charged, causing adhesion.
OC. The polar water molecules exert strong cohesive forces on one another.
O D. The polar water molecules are repelled by the nonpolar surface
arrow_forward
part B 6
arrow_forward
с
C
Match each property of a liquid to what it indicates about the relative strength of the intermolecular forces in that liquid.
$
4
R
high viscosity
%
V
Strong intermolecular forces
G Search or type URL
5
T
F G
high boiling point high surface tension
^
6
B
MacBook Pro
Y
H
&
7
N
U
J
Answer Bank
* 00
8
M
—
high vapor pressure
K
9
<
O
<
Weak intermolecular forces
)
O
L
command
P
^.
I
I
option
{
[
21
?
+
11
I
dele
arrow_forward
Screen Reader Description: The Ordinary Phases of Water. Image: Graph of Temp (Kelvins from 0 to 700) on X axis, P (atm) on Y axis (from 10 to the power of 0 to 10 to the power of 8, pressure, (P a)). There is a curve starting at 200 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 0 on the Y axis. The line goes upward to the right to finish at 610 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 7 on the Y axis. There is a straight line with a slightly negative slope starting at 260 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 8 on the Y axis that goes downward until it hits the curve and stops. To the left of the straight line is the word "Solid". Between the straight line on the right and the curve is the word "Liquid". To the right side of the curve is the word "Gas". End of image.
The critical temperature is:
0 K
100 K
200 K
300 K
400 K
500 K
600 K
700 K
100 Pa
101 Pa…
arrow_forward
Please answer quickly!
arrow_forward
TRUE OR FALSE
When cohesion is greater than adhesion, a concave appearance of the liquid in a tube is evident.
if water has no ability to form hydrogen bonds, it would be gas at room temperature.
The attractive interaction between an ion and the induced dipole is called ion-induced dipole force.
A polar molecule placed near an atom causes distortion of the electron cloud of the atom resulting to a dipole.
Polarizability prevents gases containing non polar molecules to condense.
Hydrogen bond is stronger than covalent bond.
arrow_forward
In the video the temperature of the water in the flask was measured when ice first started to form.
The temperature recorded was 0.3 °C. Record this value below. Using the graph, determine the
theoretical temperature of sea ice formation for 35 ppt seawater.
Theoretical temperature of ice formation:
Record Answer
Temperature of initial ice formation:
Record Answer
Temperature (°C)
1.0
0.5
0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
-2.5
S
10
15
20
25
Salinity (ppt)
30
35
40
45
50
arrow_forward
The critical pressure is:
Screen Reader Description: The Ordinary Phases of Water. Image: Graph of Temp (Kelvins from 0 to 700) on X axis, P (atm) on Y axis (from 10 to the power of 0 to 10 to the power of 8, pressure, (P a)). There is a curve starting at 200 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 0 on the Y axis. The line goes upward to the right to finish at 610 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 7 on the Y axis. There is a straight line with a slightly negative slope starting at 260 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 8 on the Y axis that goes downward until it hits the curve and stops. To the left of the straight line is the word "Solid". Between the straight line on the right and the curve is the word "Liquid". To the right side of the curve is the word "Gas". End of image.
Question 18 options:
0 K
100 K
200 K
300 K
400 K
500 K
600 K
700 K…
arrow_forward
Water striders are insects that have the ability to walk across the surface of water.
Which properties of water allow the water strider to do this?
Choose 2 answers:
B
Specific heat
Capillary action
Adhesion
Surface tension
arrow_forward
Hydrogen bonding with water
Draw the expanded structure of C15H11I4NO4 (Levothyroxine) molecule. Illustrate all ways that this molecule could form hydrogen bonds with water. Do this by drawing bent water molecules as necessary and use dashed lines (---) to show H-bonding between water and the appropriate atom in the molecule. Be sure that it is very clear which atoms on each molecule are involved in the hydrogen bonds. Keep in mind that hydrogen bonds from water can only from to the polar parts of this molecule. If this molecule is not capable of forming hydrogen bonds with water, fully explain why not.
Thank you!
arrow_forward
1. Water has a high capacity for heat. The many hydrogen bonds that linked water molecules let water absorb heat without changing its ______() chemical state, heat capacity, cohesion and adhesion or surface tension?2.Many substances can dissolve in water. It has something to do with the _____ of water molecules.() high heat capacity high surface tension cohesion and adhesion universal solvent?3. Water’s _____ stabilizes bodies of water like the lakes and the rivers. () cohesion and adhesion, heat capacity, surface tension or chemical state?4. Clay particles are so small that _________ of the biggest particles of clay can fit into a single grain of sand.() 50 Million, 20 Million, 40 Million or 30 Million
arrow_forward
CamScanner 09-05-2021 08.01.p x
O File | C:/Users/taylo/OneDrive/Desktop/CamScanner%2009-05-2021%2008.01.pdf
(D Page view
A Read aloud
V Draw
E Highlight
O Erase
8
of 9
Scanned with CamScanner
PIC.17 Under what conditions can liquid nitrogen be formed by the
application of pressure alone?
Scanned with CamScanner
O Ai
56°F Sunny ^
O G D) 8:16 AM
arrow_forward
Identify the phase change being described in each example.
Water vapor in the air cools to form liquid droplets on the side of a cold soda can.
As a pot of water is boiled on the stove, steam rises out of the pot.
As the sun rises over a mountain, the snow and ice at the mountain's peak turn into water
vapor instantly.
The formation of frost in sub 0 °C temperatures on a humid night.
Answer Bank
condensation
vaporization
deposition
sublimation
arrow_forward
Could you help me with #8? I included a picture of the phase diagram that was given.
arrow_forward
What is adhesion? Give an example.
Why does surface tension occur?
How does evaporation occur?
Can you please help me with these 3 questions it the end of the semester and I'm really Struggling. Thank you so much you are the best
arrow_forward
Part B
The phase diagram for an organic compound is shown.
1.00-
Y
Pressure
(atm)
0.5-
0.10 -
-150
-75
75
150
Temperature (°C)
What is the normal boiling point of this compound?
Express your answer as an integer and include the appropriate units.
> View Available Hint(s)
µA
Value
°C
normal boiling point =
Submit
Previous Answers
arrow_forward
Step 1. A phase diagram has three areas marked solid, liquid and vapour. A substance would be a solid if
it falls into the area of the solid in the phase diagram. To make this point even clearer, color the
three areas with three
different-colored crayons.
anssad
Make sure to make each
area
as
distinct
as
possible to the other
areas.
sold
iquid
vapour
temperatre
arrow_forward
An 89.3 mL sample of wet O2(g) is collected over water at 21.3 celsius and a barometric pressure of 744 mmhg. Under these conditions, the vapor pressure of h2o is 19 mmhg.
a. Find the partial pressure of O2 in the sample in units of atm.
b. Calculate the volume the O2 would occupy if it were dry, as described by equation 2. Equation 2: V dry=V total (P total-P h2O/P total)
arrow_forward
10. (20 points) The surface tension and viscosity values for diethyl ether, acetone, ethanol,
and ethylene glycol are shown here.
Compound
diethyl ether
C₂H5OC₂H5
acetone
C₂H5OC2H5
ethanol
C₂H5OH
ethylene glycol
CH₂(OH)CH₂(OH)
Molecule
Surface Tension
(mN/m)
17
23
22
48
Viscosity
(mPa s)
0.22
0.31
1.07
16.1
(a) Explain their differences in viscosity in terms of the size and shape of their molecules and
their intermolecular forces.
(b) Explain their differences in surface tension in terms of the size and shape of their
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Chemistry
ISBN:9781938168390
Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher:OpenStax

Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
Related Questions
- Please do surface tension, polar molecules, shape structure and transparentarrow_forwardplease help me with my hw. Please answer letter b completely. Hoping for you to help me as i am struggling so much. Tysm❤️ TYPES OF SOLIDS AND THEIR PROPERTIES Solids can be categorized as crystalline and amorphous. The difference in properties of these two groups of solid arises from the presence or absence of long range order of arrangement of the particles in the solid. Properties Crystalline Solid Amorphous solid Arrangement of particles Arranged in fixed geometric pattern or lattices. Have random orientation of particles Behavior when heated Attractive forces are broken by same amount of energy, thus, becomes liquid at a specific temperature. Softens when gradually heated, they tend to melt over a wide range of temperature. FACTS: More than 90% of naturally occurring and artificially prepared solids are crystalline. The repetition of structural units of substance over long atomic distances is referred to as long-range order. The repeating units…arrow_forwardmodels are functional tools that scientists use to explain complex behaviors. What is a benefit of the Spacefill model? what is a draw backarrow_forward
- 3. Which of the following provides the best explanation for why the water drop does not slide off the inclined plane? 90 80 70 co 50 40 30 0- 10- O A The polar water molecules are absorbed by the underlying surface OB. The polar water molecules cause the surface to become temporarily charged, causing adhesion. OC. The polar water molecules exert strong cohesive forces on one another. O D. The polar water molecules are repelled by the nonpolar surfacearrow_forwardpart B 6arrow_forwardс C Match each property of a liquid to what it indicates about the relative strength of the intermolecular forces in that liquid. $ 4 R high viscosity % V Strong intermolecular forces G Search or type URL 5 T F G high boiling point high surface tension ^ 6 B MacBook Pro Y H & 7 N U J Answer Bank * 00 8 M — high vapor pressure K 9 < O < Weak intermolecular forces ) O L command P ^. I I option { [ 21 ? + 11 I delearrow_forward
- Screen Reader Description: The Ordinary Phases of Water. Image: Graph of Temp (Kelvins from 0 to 700) on X axis, P (atm) on Y axis (from 10 to the power of 0 to 10 to the power of 8, pressure, (P a)). There is a curve starting at 200 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 0 on the Y axis. The line goes upward to the right to finish at 610 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 7 on the Y axis. There is a straight line with a slightly negative slope starting at 260 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 8 on the Y axis that goes downward until it hits the curve and stops. To the left of the straight line is the word "Solid". Between the straight line on the right and the curve is the word "Liquid". To the right side of the curve is the word "Gas". End of image. The critical temperature is: 0 K 100 K 200 K 300 K 400 K 500 K 600 K 700 K 100 Pa 101 Pa…arrow_forwardPlease answer quickly!arrow_forwardTRUE OR FALSE When cohesion is greater than adhesion, a concave appearance of the liquid in a tube is evident. if water has no ability to form hydrogen bonds, it would be gas at room temperature. The attractive interaction between an ion and the induced dipole is called ion-induced dipole force. A polar molecule placed near an atom causes distortion of the electron cloud of the atom resulting to a dipole. Polarizability prevents gases containing non polar molecules to condense. Hydrogen bond is stronger than covalent bond.arrow_forward
- In the video the temperature of the water in the flask was measured when ice first started to form. The temperature recorded was 0.3 °C. Record this value below. Using the graph, determine the theoretical temperature of sea ice formation for 35 ppt seawater. Theoretical temperature of ice formation: Record Answer Temperature of initial ice formation: Record Answer Temperature (°C) 1.0 0.5 0 -0.5 -1.0 -1.5 -2.0 -2.5 S 10 15 20 25 Salinity (ppt) 30 35 40 45 50arrow_forwardThe critical pressure is: Screen Reader Description: The Ordinary Phases of Water. Image: Graph of Temp (Kelvins from 0 to 700) on X axis, P (atm) on Y axis (from 10 to the power of 0 to 10 to the power of 8, pressure, (P a)). There is a curve starting at 200 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 0 on the Y axis. The line goes upward to the right to finish at 610 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 7 on the Y axis. There is a straight line with a slightly negative slope starting at 260 on the X axis and 10 to the power of 8 on the Y axis that goes downward until it hits the curve and stops. To the left of the straight line is the word "Solid". Between the straight line on the right and the curve is the word "Liquid". To the right side of the curve is the word "Gas". End of image. Question 18 options: 0 K 100 K 200 K 300 K 400 K 500 K 600 K 700 K…arrow_forwardWater striders are insects that have the ability to walk across the surface of water. Which properties of water allow the water strider to do this? Choose 2 answers: B Specific heat Capillary action Adhesion Surface tensionarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningPhysical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,

Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)
Chemistry
ISBN:9781938168390
Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark Blaser
Publisher:OpenStax

Chemistry for Engineering Students
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337398909
Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher:Cengage Learning

Physical Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133958437
Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,