luminol lab
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Feb 20, 2024
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Luminol
Discussion:
Chemiluminescence is the emission of light as the result of a chemical reaction. The light
in a chemiluminescence reaction comes from the energy released by breaking, formation and
restructuring of chemical bonds. The purpose of the Luminol Lab experiment is to synthesize
Luminol from 3-nitrophthalhydrazide and demonstrate its chemiluminescence. Initially, 0.300 g
3-nitrophthalhydrazide was mixed
with 1.3 ml
10% sodium hydroxide until it dissolved
completely into the test tube. Then 0.80g of sodium hydrosulfite dihydrate was mixed with the
previous solution into the same test tube. Then subsequently heated on a hot plate for reflux,
creating a creamy white solution until it completely changed to a dull yellow/orange color. The
solution continued to heat for approximately five minutes, the color grew increasingly yellowish/
brown while consistency became thicker. Once it was removed, 0.5 ml of glacial acetic acid was
added to the same test tube and left to cool at room temperature.
After the reflux technique,
vacuum filtering was used as the resulting solution. We then oxidized the retrieved luminol by
mixing solutions containing sodium hydroxide, and potassium ferricyanide in a beaker.
Results
Figure 1: Chemical Structure
In the equation below, the grams per liter of 3-nitrophthalhydrazide were determined by
multiplying the weight of 0.3 g of 3-nitrophthalhydrazide by 0.00482765 (this number is the
result of 1 mol divided by the total molecular weight 207.14g/mol) then we multiply by the
luminol molecular weight which is 117.16 g .
0.3g ( 1 mol/ 207.14 g/mol)(1 mol L / mol A/) (117.16g / 1 mol) = 0.2566g / L
To continue, on the equation below, the grams per liter of sodium hydrosulfite were
determined by multiplying the weight of 0.8g of sodium hydrosulfite by 0.00574383 (this
amount was the result of 1 mol divided by 174.10 g/ mol ) then multiply by the luminol
molecular weight which is 177.16 g
0.8g (1 mol/ 174.10g/mol) ( 1 mol L/ 1 mol B)( 177.16g /1 mol L ) = 0.8141g / L
After calculations were completed of sodium hydrosulfite and 3- nitrophthalhydrazide
both
results
were
compared
and
the
small
amount
was
the
theoretical
yield.
3-
nitrophthalhydrazide is the theoretical yield.
Finally, the percent yield is calculated by the isolated amount divided by the theoretical
yield multiplied by 100. The result was 68% as shown below.
% yield = 0.174g / 0.2566 x 100 =
68%
Conclusion:
The
overall
reaction
was
successful
because
we
were able to see the luminol's
characteristic blue light emission in the dark.
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