luminol lab

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Arizona State University *

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Course

238

Subject

Chemistry

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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pdf

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4

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Luminol Discussion: Chemiluminescence is the emission of light as the result of a chemical reaction. The light in a chemiluminescence reaction comes from the energy released by breaking, formation and restructuring of chemical bonds. The purpose of the Luminol Lab experiment is to synthesize Luminol from 3-nitrophthalhydrazide and demonstrate its chemiluminescence. Initially, 0.300 g
3-nitrophthalhydrazide was mixed with 1.3 ml 10% sodium hydroxide until it dissolved completely into the test tube. Then 0.80g of sodium hydrosulfite dihydrate was mixed with the previous solution into the same test tube. Then subsequently heated on a hot plate for reflux, creating a creamy white solution until it completely changed to a dull yellow/orange color. The solution continued to heat for approximately five minutes, the color grew increasingly yellowish/ brown while consistency became thicker. Once it was removed, 0.5 ml of glacial acetic acid was added to the same test tube and left to cool at room temperature. After the reflux technique, vacuum filtering was used as the resulting solution. We then oxidized the retrieved luminol by mixing solutions containing sodium hydroxide, and potassium ferricyanide in a beaker. Results Figure 1: Chemical Structure In the equation below, the grams per liter of 3-nitrophthalhydrazide were determined by multiplying the weight of 0.3 g of 3-nitrophthalhydrazide by 0.00482765 (this number is the result of 1 mol divided by the total molecular weight 207.14g/mol) then we multiply by the luminol molecular weight which is 117.16 g . 0.3g ( 1 mol/ 207.14 g/mol)(1 mol L / mol A/) (117.16g / 1 mol) = 0.2566g / L
To continue, on the equation below, the grams per liter of sodium hydrosulfite were determined by multiplying the weight of 0.8g of sodium hydrosulfite by 0.00574383 (this amount was the result of 1 mol divided by 174.10 g/ mol ) then multiply by the luminol molecular weight which is 177.16 g 0.8g (1 mol/ 174.10g/mol) ( 1 mol L/ 1 mol B)( 177.16g /1 mol L ) = 0.8141g / L After calculations were completed of sodium hydrosulfite and 3- nitrophthalhydrazide both results were compared and the small amount was the theoretical yield. 3- nitrophthalhydrazide is the theoretical yield. Finally, the percent yield is calculated by the isolated amount divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100. The result was 68% as shown below. % yield = 0.174g / 0.2566 x 100 = 68% Conclusion: The overall reaction was successful because we were able to see the luminol's characteristic blue light emission in the dark.
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