Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Transcribed Image Text:**Formation of an Ionic Compound between Calcium and Oxygen**
**Instruction:**
Add electron dots and charges as necessary to show the reaction of calcium and oxygen to form an ionic compound.
**Step 1: Neutral Atoms**
In the initial state, we have neutral atoms of calcium (Ca) and oxygen (O). This stage involves no electron transfer or charge designation. Here is how the atoms appear:
```
Neutral atoms:
Ca O
```
**Procedure:**
1. Begin with the neutral atoms selected on the interface.
2. Select the "Ca" button to represent the calcium atom.
3. Select the "O" button to represent the oxygen atom.
The interface provides options to:
- **Select**: Choose the specific element or action.
- **Draw**: Illustrate bonds or electrons.
- **Rings**: Show electron rings or orbitals.
- **More**: Additional features or elements.
- **Erase**: Remove any unwanted elements or changes.
**Step 2: Ions Formation**
The next step involves transforming these neutral atoms into ions. Calcium will lose two electrons to form a Ca²⁺ cation, and oxygen will gain two electrons to form an O²⁻ anion. The depiction will change to:
```
Ions:
Ca O
```
**Procedure:**
1. Use the "Draw" option and include the electron transfer (adding electrons to oxygen and removing from calcium) to depict their ionic forms.
2. Assign charges appropriately: Ca²⁺ and O²⁻.
The interface tools allow zooming in/out and resetting actions to ensure accuracy and clarity.
By following these steps, you will visualize the ionic bonding process where calcium donates electrons to oxygen, leading to the formation of an ionic compound.
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