Experiment_7-ONLINE-Waves-PROCEDURE

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Tulsa Community College *

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Feb 20, 2024

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Professor Shihabi , Page 1 of 7 Physical Science Experiment Procedure : Waves Learning objectives: 1) Explain how waves are generated, and whether they are motion of energy, particles, or both. 2) Classify waves based on the relationship between the velocity direction and medium vibration 3) Determine the relationships between frequency, wavelength, period, and wave’s velocity 4) Identify the units of frequency, wavelength, period, and wave’s velocity 5) Contrast amplitude and wavelength. 6) Solve problems that involve frequency, wavelength, period, and wave’s speed. Watch my youtube video over lesson#11 https://youtu.be/NYb6SyGugxk (it demonstrates how to use the links in this lab on the first minute, then at minute 7:55-10:45)). For conceptual understanding and problem solving, watch my video lectures over lesson#12: part 1: https://youtu.be/UShg6l59Gzw and part 2: : https://youtu.be/a76fDfPHXPI Procedure: Go to Link#1 : http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Physics-Interactives/Waves-and-Sound/Simple-Wave- Simulator/Simple-Wave-Simulator- Interactive you will need to switch between “rope” and “sound” Figure (1)

Professor Shihabi , Page 2 of 7 Select dots to observe during the animation. Observe the movement of the dots with respect to the direction of the wave. Switch between “rope” and “sound”. NOTE that the direction of both waves is from the left of your screen to the right. Answer the following questions: 1) In wave#1 (rope like), Does the medium (dot) moved parallel or perpendicular to the wave? (This is question 1 in lab assessment) 2) In wave#1 (rope like), What do we call this type of waves? (This is question 2 in lab assessment) Now click on the “Show wave as sound” tab (Check the figure above) 3) In wave#2 (slinky/sound like), Does the medium (dots) move parallel or perpendicular to the wave? (This is question 3 in lab assessment) 4) In wave#2 (slinky/sound like), What do we call this type of waves? (Refer back to lesson 11) (This is question 4 in lab assessment) 5) Based on the waves you just explores, What do the waves represent ? (This is question 5 in lab assessment) 6) What is the rationale to your answer to the previous question? (This is question 6 in lab assessment) Link#2 : http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/wave-on-a-string Here is a video on how to use this simulation. Watch the video up to minute 4:35 (after which it is not pertinent to our class): https://youtu.be/jV1voQLbhZI Now, click on Link#2 simulation or download it. Check the “No End” box on the top right,

Professor Shihabi , Page 3 of 7 and check the “Ruler” box at the bottom right of the display screen (check the figure below) Figure (2) Place the cursor on the vertical ruler and line its zero with the beginning of the wave (as shown in the figure). Shake the string up and down, using the plier, to create waves as shown in the figure. Starts with small yanks and gradually vary how far you shift it up and down. observe the variation in the wave characteristics. 7) What would happen to the intensity (amplitude) of the wave when you increase the vertical displacement ( shifting the plier further up and down)? (This is question 7 in lab assessment) 8) What would happen to the intensity (amplitude) of the wave when the proximity from the source increases (when the wave moves further away from the source)? (This is question 8 in lab assessment) Now, we need to alter the following: (i) Using the window at top left corner of the screen, set the wave at “Oscillate” instead of “manual” in order to generate continuous stream of waves . (ii) Check the box beside “Timer” so you could measure the time. (iii) Check the “Slow Motion” box to be able to observe the wave’s motion.

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Professor Shihabi , Page 4 of 7 (iv) Set the “Damping” slider at “None” by shifting it all the way to the left. (v) Set the Amplitude at 0.50 cm and the frequency at 1.00 Hz using either the slider under each or the left/right arrows beside each of them. The display of the wave should be like figure 3: Figure (3) 9) With the frequency at the default (1.00 Hz) and using the horizontal ruler, measure the wavelength “  ” of the wave in “cm”. Note that you may control the ruler position using the mouse, and you may pause the wave’s propagation at any moment of time to measure it accurately. (This is question 9 in lab assessment) 10) Which letter (A, B, C, or D) in the diagram below represents the wavelength? (Refer back to the definition of wavelength in lesson#11). (This is question 10 in lab assessment)

Professor Shihabi , Page 5 of 7 11) At 1.00 Hz frequency, count the number of waves you have in the simulation. How many waves does the1.00 Hz generate? (This is question 11 in lab assessment) 12) At 1.00 Hz frequency, measure the time to complete one wave (period) using the timer. What is the period “T” in seconds? (This is question 12 in lab assessment) 13) At 1.00 Hz frequency, calculate the velocity of the wave. Note: the “v = f  ” or “v =    ” (This is question 13 in lab assessment) Now, Increase the amplitude to 1.00 cm and measure the wavelength “  ” again. 14) With amplitude = 1.00 cm and 1.00 Hz frequency, what is the wavelength “  ” value? (This is question 14 in lab assessment) 15) Did the change in the amplitude from 0.5 cm to 1.00 cm, while keeping the frequency at 1.00 Hz, alter the wavelength? (This is question 15 in lab assessment) 16) Based on the previous answer, does the wavelength depend on the amplitude? (This is question 16 in lab assessment) 17) With amplitude = 1.00 cm and 1.00 Hz frequency, what is the period “T” in seconds? (This is question 17 in lab assessment) Recall: the horizontal axis represents the position NOT time.

Professor Shihabi , Page 6 of 7 18) Did the change in the amplitude from 0.5 cm to 1.00 cm, while keeping the frequency at 1.00 Hz, alter the period? (This is question 18 in lab assessment) 19) Based on the previous answer, Does the period “T” depend on the amplitude? (This is question 19 in lab assessment) Keep the amplitude at 1.00 cm. Increase the frequency to 2.00 Hz and measure the corresponding  and T, then calculate the speed of the wave (as you did in the previous procedure). Answer the following questions: 20) With f = 2.00 Hz, wavelength = __________ cm (This is question 20 in lab assessment) 21) With f = 2.00 Hz, T= __________ s (This is question 21 in lab assessment) 22) With f = 2.00 Hz, v = __________ cm/s (This is question 22 in lab assessment) Based on the above results: 23) Did the change in the frequency from 1.00 Hz to 2.00 Hz, while keeping the amplitude at 1.00 am, alter the wavelength? (This is question 23 in lab assessment) 24) Did the change in the frequency from 1.00 Hz to 2.00 Hz, while keeping the amplitude at 1.00 am, alter the period? (This is question 24 in lab assessment) 25) Did the change in the frequency from 1.00 Hz to 2.00 Hz, while keeping the amplitude at 1.00 am, alter the speed of the wave? (This is question 25 in lab assessment) Analyze the results of the two procedures above carefully. Based on your analysis, what is the relationship between the following quantities? (use the following terms: directly proportional, inversely proportional, independent upon, or not enough information)

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Professor Shihabi , Page 7 of 7 26) frequency and wavelength (This is question 26 in lab assessment) 27) frequency and amplitude (This is question 27 in lab assessment) 28) frequency and period (This is question 28 in lab assessment) 29) wavelength and period (This is question 29 in lab assessment) 30) velocity and frequency (This is question 30 in lab assessment)