Ideal Gas Law Lab.final

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Stony Brook University *

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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PHY 133 L07 Ideal Gas Law Jeremiah Shawn Geotina Lab partner: Christopher Kim TA Loc, Ngo Experiment Date: 26 April 2023 Report Date: 29 April 2023

Introduction In this experiment we are going to make measurements and observations on the behavior of an ideal gas. More specifically we are going to observe certain ideal gas laws through Boyle’s and Avogadro’s Laws, determining an unknown volume, and by determining absolute zero. Procedure: Part I: Boyle's and Avogadro's Laws 1. Convert the room temperature measurement to K (assuming the "correct" value for absolute zero). 2. Calculate 1/P for each pressure measurement and propagate uncertainty. 3. Make a plot of V vs. 1/P for each initial volume. 4. Calculate the number of moles n in the container for each initial volume using each slope and measurement of room temperature (plus the known value for R), and propagate uncertainties. 5. For each volume, calculate n/V0, where V0 is the initial volume, propagate uncertainties and answer the question about whether the results agree with expectation. Part II: Determining an Unknown Volume 1. Calculate 1/P for each pressure measurement and propagate uncertainty. 2. Make a plot of V vs. 1/P. Orient the axes so that the y-intercept is V0, the volume of the container. 3. Use the slope (and knowledge of room temperature) to extract a measurement of n, the number of moles in the unknown volume at room temperature and pressure. Part III: Determining Absolute Zero 1. Take the average of the slopes and intercepts, and calculate the uncertainty in this average. 2. Answer the question about the agreement of the intercept with expectation. 3. Using the slope and the volume V0 determined in the previous part, calculate the number of moles in the container. 4. Remember that this number of moles was determined by sealing the container at room temperature and pressure. Therefore, it should be the same as the previous part. (On the data sheet, answer the question: was it?)

Results, Analysis and Discussion (include .xlxs file) Analysis + Discussion: .xlsx file: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/19IGdCySpYRThW-ZCB8ocUpef6d8nKqT9nOedWWa5LFY/edit?usp=sharing

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In this lab we observed the properties of ideal gas laws using knowledge of Boyle’s and Avogadro’s Laws by setting a certain initial volume and varying the pressure by pulling a certain interval increase multiple of 10mL. We were able to conclude that the measurements of “ n/V0” agreed with each other, in other words, proving the laws to be true. Additionally, we attempted to determine an unknown volume and absolute zero using our observations of the properties of this ideal gas. We concluded that our average intercept value disagreed with the expected value of absolute zero and that our value of n from this part disagreed with our previously measured value of n. Possible reasons for this result may include systemic errors, unintentional air left in the syringe, affecting the results by unknowingly conducting the experiment with a higher volume than expected. Another systemic error that may have affected our results include the uniformity of temperature, where a somewhat cooler temperature can lead to values that are smaller in magnitude. Overall, the results of the experiment may be refined by conducting several experiments, as well as increasing the volume more mechanically, preventing hand tremors and overall human error.

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