#8 SCH3U Lesson Tyler Neniska

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Chemistry

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Feb 20, 2024

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SCH3U: University Preparation Chemistry Lesson # 8

Lesson # 8 1. What is the percentage composition of Na2SO4? 32.4% Na 22.6% S 45.1% O 2. What is the percentage composition of propane, C3H8? 66.5% C 33.5% H 3. A 1.732 g sample of iron is heated in air. It oxidizes to form a product with a mass of 2.205 g. What is the empirical formula of the product? (2.205 g - 1.732 g) / (15.99943 g O/mol) = 0.0295636 mol O (1.732 g Fe) / (55.8452 g Fe/mol) = 0.031014 mol Fe (0.0295636 mol O) / 0.0295636 = 1.00 (0.031014 mol Fe) / 0.0295636 = 1.05 The empirical formula: FeO 4. Caffeine is made of 49.48% carbon, 5.19% hydrogen, 28.85% nitrogen, and 16.48% oxygen by mass. Determine the empirical formula of caffeine. Carbon : 0.4948 x 194.19 = 96.08 g / 12 (g/mol C) = 8 mol Hydrogen: 0.0519 x 194.19 = 10.078 g = 10.078 mol Nitrogen: 0.2885 x 194.19 = 56.02 g / 14 (g/mol N)= 4 mol Oxygen: 0.1648 x 194.19 = 32.00 g / 16 (g/mol O)= 2 mol 8/2=4 10.078/2=5.039 4/2=2 2/2=1 C4H5N2O = 97 g 194.19 / 97 = 2 2x(C2H5N2O )= C8H10N4O2 5. Determine the molecular formula of naphthalene. Its empirical formula is C5H4 and its molar mass is 128 g/mol. C5H4 mass = 64 molar mass = 128 g/mol mol of naphthalene = 128/64 = 2 molecular formula of naphthalene is (C5H4)2 = C10H8 6. Acetic acid contains 40.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen and 53.3% oxygen. Determine its molecular formula if its molar mass is 60.05 g/mol. (CH2O) * molar mass / empirical mass = 60..05 / (12+2+16) = 2

(CH2O)2 = C2H4O2

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