3.03 Conservation of Mass Lab 2

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Pike High School *

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101

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Chemistry

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Nov 24, 2024

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Name: Jada Orum Date: 1/26/2024 School: PCHS Facilitator: Ms. Wright 3.03 Conservation of Mass Lab Complete the hands-on lab to demonstrate the Law of Conservation of Mass. Part 1: Lab Preparation For this lab, you will need the following materials. 1 empty plastic bottle (this can be an empty, clean, 16 oz. plastic water or soda bottle) Baking soda White vinegar (you cannot substitute apple cider vinegar) Balloons (you will need at least 1 balloon; extras might be needed if popping occurs) Tape (preferably electrical, duct, or masking tape; scotch tape will work) 1 small to medium-sized bowl Teaspoon 100 mL graduated cylinder (or a 1/3 cup measuring cup) 1 piece of paper Funnel Electronic balance or kitchen scale NOTE: If you have trouble finding any of these materials, please ask your facilitator or teacher for assistance. The chemistry lab in your school should have an electronic balance or a triple- beam balance, a graduated cylinder, etc. Be sure to ask permission before using any school materials. Part 2: Trial 1 Follow the procedure below to complete Trial 1. 1. Place your bowl on top of the electronic balance or kitchen scale. Be sure the balance is turned on, set to “grams” and tared (zeroed out) so that the weight of the bowl will not be in your measurements. 2. Measure out 150 mL of vinegar using the graduated cylinder. This is equal to about 2/3 cup of vinegar, if you do not have a graduated cylinder. 3. Pour the vinegar into the empty, clean plastic bottle and place it in the bowl that’s on your electronic balance or kitchen scale.
4. Next, place your piece of paper on the balance next the bowl. 5. Measure out 1 tsp. of baking soda. Pour the baking soda onto the paper on the scale. 6. Record the total mass of the initial system in your data chart below. The initial system includes the following: the bottle with the vinegar and the paper with the baking soda (remember, you should have tared or zeroed out the balance so that the weight of the bowl is not counted) 7. Carefully, pick up the paper with the baking soda and slowly pour it into the bottle. Be sure to place the paper back on the balance. NOTE: The reaction may escape the bottle; that’s why the bowl is there – to catch any spillage! Be sure to watch what occurs during the reaction. 8. Wait for the ingredients to stop reacting. Then, check the balance to see the total mass of the final system and record it in the chart below. The final system includes: the bottle with the vinegar and the baking soda, plus the paper. 9. Using the information from the data table, calculate the change in mass for the reaction. This is the difference between the mass of the final system and the mass of the initial system. Record your calculation in your data chart. 10. Answer the following question: Based on your data, did this reaction follow the Law of Conservation of Mass? Defend your answer using evidence from the investigation. It follows the Law of Conservation of Mass because even in an open system or environment, the mass still remains the same where the gas went out of the bottle meaning both the baking soda and vinegar mixed together to create gas Trial 1 Data Chart Object Mass (g) Total Mass of Initial System Mass BEFORE reaction 247g Total Mass of Final System Mass AFTER reaction 245g
Object Mass (g) Change in mass for the reaction mass of initial system minus mass of final system 2g Part 3: Trial 2 1. Clean up your materials from Trial 1 including: Empty your plastic bottle and rinse it out Empty the bowl, if needed 2. Place your bowl on top of the electronic balance or kitchen scale. Be sure the balance is turned on, set to “grams” and tared (zeroed out) so that the weight of the bowl will not be in your measurements. 3. Measure out 150 mL of vinegar using the graduated cylinder. This is equal to about 2/3 cup of vinegar, if you do not have a graduated cylinder. 4. Pour the vinegar into the empty, clean plastic bottle and place it in the bowl that’s on your electronic balance or kitchen scale. 5. Measure out 1 tsp. of baking soda. 6. Put the funnel into the opening of a deflated balloon. Pour the baking soda into the balloon. Be sure the baking soda gets all the way into the balloon. 7. Remove the funnel from the balloon opening. Next, cover the opening of the water bottle with the opening of the balloon. Be very careful that you don’t get any of the baking soda into the vinegar! You might want to twist the stem of the balloon to keep the baking soda in the base of the balloon away from the opening. 8. Wrap tape around the opening of the bottle to secure the balloon to the bottle. 9. Record the total mass of the initial system in your data chart below. The initial system includes the following: the bottle with the vinegar and the balloon with the baking soda (remember, you should have tared or zeroed out the balance so that the weight of the bowl is not counted)
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10. Carefully, pick up the base of the balloon and lift it above the bottle so that the baking soda inside the balloon falls into the bottle. Be sure to watch what occurs during the reaction. 11. Wait for the ingredients to stop reacting. Then, check the balance to see the total mass of the final system and record it in the chart below. The final system includes: the bottle with the vinegar and the baking soda and the balloon 12. Using the information from the data table below, calculate the change in mass for the reaction. This is the difference between the mass of the final system and the mass of the initial system. Record your calculation in your data chart. 13. Answer the following question: Based on your data, did this reaction follow the Law of Conservation of Mass? Defend your answer using evidence from the investigation. Yes, the substance mass will remain the same meaning even in a closed system or environment nothing will change in the substance mass by how the gas was pushing upwards and not adding more mass to the substance inside the bottle Trial 2 Data Table Object Mass (g) Total Mass of Initial System Mass BEFORE reaction 244g Total Mass of Final System Mass AFTER reaction 241g Change in mass for the reaction mass of initial system minus mass of final system 3g Part 4: Lab Analysis Answer the following questions about Trials 1 and 2 of this lab. Questions about Trial 1 1. What evidence was there that a chemical change took place in Trial 1?
A chemical change took place during Trial 1 by how the baking soda and vinegar both combined to create a chemical reaction 2. Why was there a loss of mass for the reaction in Trial 1? There was indeed a lot of mass for the reaction in Trial 1 by how it had more mass than Trial 2 by how much air it produced and staying inside the bottle. 3. Does the reaction actually violate the Law of Conservation of Mass? Explain. No it doesn't because the mass didn't change at all meaning the law of conservation states only that mass cannot be created or destroyed just change forms which did happen when I test both trials. 4. How do the results from Trial 1 of this investigation indicate that gases have mass? This indicates that gasses do have mass because during collecting data the air going out changes the final reaction in mass. Questions about Trial 2 1. What problems did you encounter in your new procedure and what could you have done to improve the procedure? The problems I ran into with the procedure was the balloon spilling out the baking soda and had to redo it many times but one thing I improved was to hold the balloon carefully which I wasn't doing at first, so that the baking soda inside did not let it spill. 2. Why was the balloon included in Trial 2? What did it accomplish? The balloon was included in Trial 2 to experiment the closed system by how it causes The Law of Conservation of Mass and to accomplish an observation of the power of gas produced when baking soda and vinegar mixing. 3. Using the characteristics of a gas, explain why you know that a gas was produced by the vinegar and baking soda reaction. The gas was produced by vinegar and baking soda reaction because of the formation of bubbles in the substance mixing.