Lab Report-2-Matter and Phase Changes Distil Ethanol

5. Why does slow distillation result in better separation of two liquids than fast distillation?

A certain liquid X has a normal boiling point of 93.90 °℃ and a boiling point elevation constant K₁ = 1.14 °C-kg-mol¯¹. Calculate the boiling point of a solution made of 40.1g of zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) dissolved in 350. g of X. Round you answer to 4 significant digits. °C x10 X 1 Ś

5. Chemical Xis a solid with white color that forms large crystals. The solubility of chemical X in water at different temperatures is shown below. Solubility of X in H20 124 10- 8- 6- 2- 0+ Ó 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90100 Temperature (°C) Irina wants to dissolve 30 grams of Xin 1 liter of water. She does so by stirring 30 grams of the large crystals into 1 liter of water at 45°C. How could Irina change her method to dissolve all the X faster? Solubility (g/100 g H,O) 4-

Why is fractional distillation more efficient than simple distillation when purifying liquid mixtures?

ed The boiling point of water is 100.00 °C at 1 atmosphere. A student dissolves 12.63 grams of sodium sulfide, Na₂S (78.05 g/mol), in 163.3 grams of water. Use the table of boiling and freezing point constants to answer the questions below. Solvent Water Ethanol Chloroform Benzene Formula H₂O CH3CH₂OH CHCI 3 соно Diethyl ether CH3CH₂CH₂CH3 The molality of the solution is The boiling point of the solution is Kb (°C/m) Kf (°C/m) 0.512 1.86 1.22 1.99 3.67 2.53 2.02 m. °C. 5.12

3. Think aboutthe definition of boiling point when answering this question.A certain liquid boils at 250oC at room pressure, 1 atmosphere = 760 torr. If we set up the distillation apparatus to distill this liquid, and attach a vacuum pump so the pressure in the apparatus is 10 torr, will the liquid boil at 250oC, at a lower temperature, or at a higher temperature?Explain.

Part 1: The structures of carbon disulfide and carbon dioxide are shown below with their boiling points. Explain why CS2 has a higher boiling point than CO2. Be specific about particulate interactions and intermolecular forces. IMG 2217 Part 2: Below are the structures of water and octane (C8H18), along with their boiling points. Water has a lower boiling point than octane! Explain why, being specific about the particulate-level interactions and intermolecular forces. (Remember, each point on a line is a carbon surrounded with the appropriate number of hydrogen atoms to make an octet). IMG 2218

The boiling point of water is 100.00 °C at 1 atmosphere. A student dissolves 14.52 grams of calcium acetate, Ca(CH3COO)2 (158.2 g/mol), in 156.5 grams of water. Use the table of boiling and freezing point constants to answer the questions below. Solvent Formula Kh (°C/m) Kf (°C/m) Water H20 0.512 1.86 Ethanol CH3CH2OH 1.22 1.99 Chloroform CHCI3 3.67 Benzene C6H6 2.53 5.12 Diethyl ether CH3CH2OCH2CH3 2.02 The molality of the solution is m. The boiling point of the solution is °C.

Only typed solution.

Part B The solvent for an organic reaction is prepared by mixing 70.0 mL of acetone (C3H6O) with 64.0 mL of ethyl acetate (C4H8O2). This mixture is stored at 25.0 °C. The vapor pressure and the densities for the two pure components at 25.0 °C are given in the following table. What is the vapor pressure of the stored mixture? Vapor pressure Density Compound (mmHg) (g/mL) 230.0 0.791 95.38 0.900 acetone ethyl acetate Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units. ▸ View Available Hint(s) Psoln: HÅ Units Value ?

A 5.04 g sample of a solid containing Ni is dissolved in 20.0 mL water. A 5.00 mL aliquot of this solution is diluted to 100.0 mL and analyzed in the lab. The analyzed solution was determined to contain 5.53 ppm Ni. Determine the molar concentration of Ni in the 20.0 mL solution. concentration: M Determine the mass, in grams, of Ni in the original sample. mass: g Determine the weight percent of Ni in the sample. weight percent: % * TOOLS x10

Part E Write balanced complete ionic equation for NaOH(aq)+ HC,H,O2 (aq)→H,O(1) + NaC, H,O2 (aq). Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer. ΑΣΦ x" O That's not quite right. Please check your formatting and try again No credit lost. Try again. Submit Previous Answers Request Answer Part F Write balanced net ionic equation for NAOH(aq) | HC,H,O, (aq) H,O(1) i NaC, H,O, (aq). Express your answer as a chemical equation. Identify all of the phases in your answer.

Submit Previous Answers A solid mixture consists of 25.5 g of KNO (potassium nitrate) and 4.5 g of K2SO4 (potassium sulfate). The mixture is added to 130. g of water v Correct Use this solubility curve (Eigure 1) to answer the questions. Crystallization Crystallization is the opposite of dissolution. Since solids tend to dissolve better at higher temperatures, we can cause them to crystallize (i.e., undissolve) from a solution by lowering the temperature. Part B If the solution described in the introduction is cooled to 0 °C, what mass of KNO, should crystallize? Enter your answer numerically in grams. • View Available Hint(s) Figure < 1 of 1 29.65 KNO, / NH,CI Previous Answers Submit 50- Nac X Incorrect; Try Again; 6 attempts remaining 40 30 LiSO, Part C Complete previous part(s) 20 - K,SO, 10- Part D KCIO, 10 20 30 40 50 60 For which salt, K2SO,, LişSO,. KCIO,, or NH,C1, will increasing the temperature of the water have the greatest change in solubility per 100 g solvent?…

In addition to the separation techniques used in this lab (magnetism, evaporation, and filtering), there are other commonly used separation techniques. Some of these techniques are:Distillation – this process is used to separate components that have significantly different boiling points. The solution is heated and the lower boiling point substance is vaporized first. The vapor can be collected and condensed and the component recovered as a pure liquid. If the temperature of the mixture is then raised, the next higher boiling component will come off and be collected. Eventually only non-volatile components will be left in the original solution.Centrifugation – a centrifuge will separate mixtures based on their mass. The mixture is placed in a centrifuge tube which is then spun at a high speed. Heavier components will settle at the bottom of the tube while lighter components will be at the top. This is the technique used to separate red blood cells from blood plasma.Sieving – this is…

The 50:50 (by mass) mix of water and ethylene glycol (antifreeze) contains 16 moles of ethylene glycol per 1 kg of water. Given than K₁ for water is 0.5 °C/m, what is the boiling point of the mixture? 100.5°C 108 °C 92°C 100°C 99.5°C

Solvent Formula Diethyl ether Water Ethanol Chloroform CHCl3 Benzene C6H6 H₂O CH3 CH₂ OH Kb (°C/m) K(°C/m) 0.512 The molality of the solution is The freezing point of the solution is 1.22 3.67 2.53 CH3 CH₂ OCH₂ CH3 2.02 m. 1.86 1.99 5.12 °C.

A certain liquid X has a normal boiling point of 105.30 °C and a boiling point elevation constant K₁ = 1.74 °C-kg-mol¯¹. Calculate the boiling point of a solution made of 8.59g of ammonium chloride (NHCl) dissolved in 150. g of X. Round you answer to 5 significant digits. пос x10 X

1. Steam distillation was performed to obtain geraniol (MM = 154.25 g/mol) from dried rose petals. At 99.25°C, the vapor pressure of water is 714 mmHg while that of geraniol was determined to be 46 mmHg. a. Determine the theoretical mass of geraniol that will distill per 100 g of water. b. If 150 g of dried rose petals were used, calculate the percent yield of the distillation.