BIO230 Self-Guided Annotated Bibliography Assignment

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BIO230 Self-Guided Annotated Bibliography Assignment Please answer the following questions as you read through the assigned paper. Try to answer each question in a full sentence , be prepared to discuss answers with your peers, along with any other questions as directed by your TA during your Online Annotated Bibliography review session. Full citation for your article: Harvey K, Pfleger C, Hariharan I. The Drosophila Mst Ortholog, hippo, Restricts Growth and Cell Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis. Cell 2003; 114: 457-467. 1. What is the subject or topic of the article? Why is this area important to study? The subject of the article is the use of experimental design to determine the mechanism of growth and apoptosis as regulated by the sav and wrt genes in Drosophila . Understanding cell cycles and programmed cell death, as well as their abnormalities, can have a lot of applications in human medicine, like, for example, in cancer and tumor cell suppression. 2. What is the main research question of this study? Can you identify a hypothesis statement from the introduction?
The main research question aims to answer how the Wrt/Sav mechanism can be put in the context of other known apoptosis and cell proliferation regulators through Hpo. The hypothesis statement presented in the introduction is “The phenotypic similarity of wts and sav mutant cells, as well as the demonstrated ability of Sav to bind to Wts (Tapon et al., 2002), suggest that these two proteins may function together to restrict growth and promote apoptosis.” 3. What is the most significant finding/result of the article? Is there a single experiment (one panel of a figure) or a set of experiments from one figure that present this finding? The most significant finding of the article is determining that in order for Sav, Wrt, and Hpo to carry out their functions of being proapoptotic, they must all form a ternary complex (with Wrt and Hpo both binding to different regions of Sav protein) meaning they are interdependent. The (c), (D), (E), (F), and (G) panels of Figure 6 show the experiments that led to the above conclusion. 4. What experimental methodology was used to identify this finding? (What are the conditions being compared? What are the genotypes? What were the authors measuring and how?) Figure 6 (C) shows that Hpo binds to Sav simply by tagging Hpo molecules and tracking how much they bind to Sav. (D) shows that Hpo has an affinity for the N-terminal region of Sav. This was done by separating the different parts of Sav, binding them to a common medium (MBP), and then assessing which portion showed the most binding to Hpo
(E) shows that the presence of Wrt does not create competition with Hpo for Sav binding. This was done by observing the level of Hpo-Sav binding in environments with increasing concentrations of Wrt, between which no difference was found. (F) and (G) show that Sav and Wrt are only effective proapoptotic proteins when Hpo is also present. This can be seen in (F), where all 3 proteins are present and the eye is small and rough, but in (G), where Hpo is inhibited, the degree of apoptosis is greatly reduced, resulting in a larger, more complete eye. 5. What brought the authors to perform the experiment described in question 4? Is there an explicit hypothesis statement (in the introduction or in the subsection of the results where they introduce this experiment?) If not, can you write a hypothesis statement that this experiment is testing? The authors initially wanted to test which pathway Sav and Wrt used to induce apoptosis. They already knew that Sav and Wrt mutant tissue exhibited similar results as Hpo mutant tissue
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