Chp 11_Chromosome Structure Activity_BIO240

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Jan 9, 2024

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Chp 11: Chromosome Structure and Organelle DNA Activity BIO-240 | Dr. Vega-Cotto _______1. Which of the following is NOT an example of DNA tertiary structure? a. Supercoiled double-stranded DNA b. Relaxed double-stranded DNA c. A nucleosome d. A chromatosome e. A 30-nm fiber _______2. A DNA molecule 500 bp long has 50 complete rotations. This DNA molecule is _____. a. single stranded b. positively supercoiled c. negatively supercoiled d. relaxed e. triple stranded _______3. If a piece of chromatin contained 1,000 copies of the histone H2A, then how many nucleosomes would be present? a. 0 b. 100 c. 500 d. 1,000 e. We cannot say. Histones are randomly placed throughout chromatin. _______4. In a typical eukaryotic cell, would you expect to find more molecules of the H1 histone or more molecules of the H2A histone? Explain your reasoning. _______5. If a chromosome experiences a break, which DNA fragment(s) will be lost? a. The fragment that has a centromere b. The fragment lacking a centromere c. The fragment that has a centromere and the fragment lacking a centromere d. The fragment that attaches to spindle fibers e. No fragments will be lost
Chp 11: Chromosome Structure and Organelle DNA Activity BIO-240 | Dr. Vega-Cotto _______6. Would you expect to see more or less acetylation in regions of DNA that are sensitive to digestion by DNase I? Why? (make sure to describe the process of acetylation and correlate it with DNase I digestion) _______7. Determine which type of DNA sequence is being described below. Use the following terms to identify the type of DNA sequence: Unique, Tandem Repeat, Interspersed Repeat, and Highly Repetitive DNA. ________________ a. Moderately repetitive DNA that appear one after another and tend to be clustered at particular locations on the chromosomes. ________________ b. Sequences that are present only once or, at most, a few times in the genome. ________________ c. Moderately repetitive DNA sequences that are scattered throughout the genome. ________________ d. Present in hundreds of thousands to millions of copies that are repeated in tandem and clustered in certain regions of the chromosome, especially at centromeres and telomeres. _______8. Which of the following two molecules of DNA has the lower melting temperature? Why? DNA Molecule #1 DNA Molecule #2 AGTTAACTAAAGCCATAGCATA TCAATTGATTTCGGTATCGTAT Your answer: Your explanation: AGGCAGGGTAGCGACCCTTAA TCCGTCCCATCGCTGGGAATT
Chp 11: Chromosome Structure and Organelle DNA Activity BIO-240 | Dr. Vega-Cotto _______9. You are conducting an experiment where you must denature a strand of DNA that is very G-C rich. How would the melting temperature ( T m ) of your DNA sample differ from that of a sample that is very A-T rich? a. The T m is irrelevant to denaturation. b. The T m is only important for RNA. c. The T m of your sample would be the same as that of a sample that is very A-T rich. d. The T m of your sample would be less than that of a sample that is very A-T rich. e. The T m of your sample would be greater than that of a sample that is very A-T rich _______10. Assume that the disorder shown in the pedigree here is a rare disease that results from a defect in mitochondrial DNA. If individual III- 8 has a daughter, what is the probability that the daughter will inherit the muscle disorder from her affected parent? Briefly explain. _______11. Identify one mitochondrial disorder. For that disorder that you selected, please answer the following: a. What is the name of the mitochondrial disorder? b. What mitochondrial gene is involved? c. What is the cause of the disorder? d. What are the symptoms that individuals with that disorder experience? e. Is there any treatment available to treat the disorder? If yes, name one. If no, are there any clinical trials or experimental drugs/therapies been developed?
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