L14_Act_1106S23

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1106

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Biology

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Jan 9, 2024

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BIOL 1106 Activity Spring 2023 Lesson 14: Animal Blood Circulation (10 points) This graded assignment is subject to the Virginia Tech Honor Code. Sharing or posting any content from this assignment, or using such shared or posted assignment content to answer assignment questions, is a violation of the Virginia Tech Honor Code. Names and complete emails for all team members: 1. 2. 3. Learning Objectives 1. Describe the components of blood and how they contribute to the 3 functions of circulating blood. 5. Describe how the lymphatic system works in conjunction with the circulatory system. S1: Apply scientific reasoning to biological problems. S3: Interpret and draw conclusions from scientific data. I. Hematopoiesis 1. (1pt) Blood cells have a limited lifespan and therefore hematopoiesis is a continually ongoing process. True or False? (Bold one) 2. (1pt) After a standard blood donation of about 500mL, hemoglobin concentration and with it the availability of oxygen in the blood drops by about 7%. It takes about 14 days until blood levels and oxygen availability are back to normal again. Use terms from the Word Bank below to fill in the blanks in the paragraph below to explain what happens during this time. Reference: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27807869/ When blood oxygen availability drops, the _________ generates a hormone called ____________, which stimulates ___________ cells to produce erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the ___________. Word Bank : Not all terms will be used, and no term will be used more than once. B Diaphysis Erythropoietin Growth hormone Heart Kidney Liver Antidiuretic hormone Pluripotent stem Spleen Spongy Bone Marrow T 3. (2 pts) Taking erythropoietin as a drug is banned in many sports. Why is it banned and why is it harmful to supplement your body’s natural supply with additional erythropoietin? Where can an athlete train to get a similar effect as taking erythropoietin? Answer in 2-5 sentences. This graded assignment is subject to the Virginia Tech Honor Code. Sharing or posting any content from this assignment, or using such shared or posted assignment content to answer assignment questions, is a violation of the Virginia Tech Honor Code. 1

BIOL 1106 Activity Spring 2023 III. Relationship between Heart Mass and Heart Rate vs. Animal Body Mass: The following table gives the body mass, heart rate, and heart mass for five mammals. The data are also presented graphically. Study the graphs and the table and answer the questions. 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Body mass and heart mass Body mass (kg) Heart mass (kg) This graded assignment is subject to the Virginia Tech Honor Code. Sharing or posting any content from this assignment, or using such shared or posted assignment content to answer assignment questions, is a violation of the Virginia Tech Honor Code. 2 Animal Body Mass (kg) Heart Rate (bpm) Heart Mass (kg) Rat 0.2 360 0.001 Dog 23 95 0.12 Human 75 70 0.38 Elephant 4,000 25 25 Blue Whale 100,000 10 600

BIOL 1106 Activity Spring 2023 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 10 100 1000 Body mass vs. heart rate Body mass (kg) Heart rate (bpm) Notice that the data are plotted on a log-log scale. In science and engineering, a log-log plot is a way of visualizing data that are related exponentially. Essentially, the log-log scale will form a curvilinear relationship and make it linear on the graph so relationships between the y axis and x axis data can be better visualized. 4. How does body mass relate to heart mass in mammals as a general rule? Explain possible reasons for this relationship. (2 pts) 5. How does body mass relate to heart rate in mammals? Give a reasonable explanation for this relationship. (2 pts) 6. A breast cancer patient has several lymph nodes removed from her right armpit during surgery to remove the cancerous tissue. Although she comes through the surgery well and is declared cancer free, she starts to develop a general swelling due to fluid buildup in her right arm called lymphedema. Why would the removal of lymph nodes result in a buildup of fluid below the lymph nodes? Be sure to explain the purpose of the lymph system in your answer. (2pts) This graded assignment is subject to the Virginia Tech Honor Code. Sharing or posting any content from this assignment, or using such shared or posted assignment content to answer assignment questions, is a violation of the Virginia Tech Honor Code. 3

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