PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 1 - Rickey Maung

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3/29/22, 7:11 PM PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 1 https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex6/act1/ 1/3 PhysioEx Lab Report Exercise 6: Cardiovascular Physiology Activity 1: Investigating the Refractory Period of Cardiac Muscle Name: Rickey Maung Date: 29 March 2022 Session ID: session-ad9509c2-7f10-5903-6e8c-85c6f17d1db5 Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. Experiment Results Predict Questions Stop & Think Questions The cardiac muscle is capable of which of the following? You correctly answered: autorhythmicity. 1 Phase 2 of the cardiac action potential, when the calcium channels remain open and potassium channels are closed, is called the You correctly answered: plateau phase. 2 Which of the following is true of the cardiac action potential? You correctly answered: The cardiac action potential is longer than the skeletal muscle action potential. 3 The main anatomical difference between the frog heart and the human heart is that the frog heart has You correctly answered: a single, fused ventricle. 4 Predict Question 1: When you increase the frequency of the stimulation, what do you think will happen to the amplitude (height) of the ventricular systole wave? Your answer: The amplitude will increase. 1 Predict Question 2: If you deliver multiple stimuli (20 stimuli per second) to the heart, what do you think will happen? Your answer: neither wave summation nor tetanus. 2

3/29/22, 7:11 PM PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 1 https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex6/act1/ 2/3 Experiment Data Post-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. Watch the contractile activity from the frog heart on the oscilloscope. Enter the number of ventricular contractions per minute (from the heart rate display). You answered: 61 beats/min. 1 Which of the following statements about the contractile activity is true? You correctly answered: The smaller waves represent the contraction of the atria. 2 During which portion of the cardiac muscle contraction is it possible to induce an extrasystole? You correctly answered: during relaxation. 3 The amplitude of the ventricular systole did not change with the more frequent stimulation because You correctly answered: a new contraction could not begin until the relaxation phase. 1

3/29/22, 7:11 PM PhysioEx Exercise 6 Activity 1 https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex6/act1/ 3/3 Review Sheet Results Which of the following do you think contribute to the inability of cardiac muscle to be tetanized? You correctly answered: the long refractory period of the cardiac action potential. 2 Given the function of the heart, why is it important that cardiac muscle cannot reach tetanus? You correctly answered: The ventricles must contract and relax fully with each beat to pump blood. 3 An extrasystole corresponds to You correctly answered: an extra ventricular contraction. 4 Explain why the larger waves seen on the oscilloscope represent the ventricular contraction. You did not answer this question. 1 Explain why the amplitude of the wave did not change when you increased the frequency of the stimulation. (Hint: relate your response to the refractory period of the cardiac action potential.) How well did the results compare with your prediction? You did not answer this question. 2 Why is it only possible to induce an extrasystole during relaxation? You did not answer this question. 3 Explain why wave summation and tetanus are not possible in cardiac muscle tissue. How well did the results compare with your prediction? You did not answer this question. 4

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