Chapter 9 study - answers

1 Chapter 9: Joints Fill in the blank. 1. Both temporary and permanent synchondroses are functionally classified as synarthrosis. 2. Symphysis is functionally classified as amphiarthrosis. 3. Synovial joints move the most. 4. Bursa is classified by location. 5. A pivot joint is classified as a uniaxial diarthrosis type of joint. 6. A condyloid joint is classified as biaxial. 7. Hyperextension injuries are common in hinge joints. Matching 1. Lateral Flexion 2. Plantar flexion 3. Flexion 4. Retraction 5. Inferior Rotation 6. Circumduction 7. Eversion 8. Hyperextension 9. Depression 10.Lateral Rotation 11.Inversion 12.Adduction 13.Protraction 14.Extension 15.Elevation 16.Pronation 17.Lateral Excursion 18.Hyperflexion 19.Excursion 20.Abduction 21.Medial Excursion 22.Reposition 23.Medial Rotation 24.Superior Rotation 25.Supination 26.Opposition 27.Dorsiflexion

2 Multiple Choice: 1. During whiplash, a patient may experience: a. Abduction and adduction b. Circumduction c. Flexion and extension d. Hyperflexion and hyperextension 2. The joint between adjacent vertebrae that includes an intervertebral disc is classified as what type of joint? a. Diarthrosis b. Multiaxial c. Amphiarthrosis d. Synarthrosis 3. Which of these joints is classified as synarthrosis? a. Pubic symphysis b. The manubriosternal joint c. An intervertebral disc d. The shoulder joint 4. Which of these joints is classified as biaxial diarthrosis? a. The metacarpophalangeal joint b. The hip joint c. The elbow joint d. The pubic symphysis 5. Which type of fibrous joint connects the tibia and fibula? a. Syndesmosis b. Symphysis c. Suture d. Gomphosis 6. An example of a wide fibrous joint is: a. The interosseous membrane of the forearm b. A gomphosis c. A suture joint d. A synostosis 7. A gomphosis a. Is formed by an interosseous membrane b. Connects the tibia and fibula bones of the leg c. Contains a joint cavity d. Anchors a tooth to the jaw 8. A syndesmosis is _______________. a. A narrow fibrous joint b. The type of joint that unites the bones of the skull. c. A fibrous joint that unites parallel bones d. The type of joint that anchors the teeth in the jaws. 9. A cartilaginous joint: a. Has a joint cavity b. Is called a symphysis when the bones are united by fibrocartilage

4 c. Prevents friction between skin and bone, or a muscle tendon and bone d. Is the strong band of connective tissue that holds bones together at a synovial joint 19.At synovial joints, _____________. a. The articulating ends of the bone are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue. b. The ends of the bones are enclosed within a space called a subcutaneous bursa. c. Intrinsic ligaments are located entire inside the articular capsule. d. The joint cavity is filled with a thick, lubricating fluid. 20.At a synovial joint, the synovial membrane: a. Forms the fibrous connective walls of the joint cavity b. Is the layer of cartilage that covers the articulating surfaces of the bones. c. Forms the intracapsular ligaments d. Secretes the lubricating synovial fluid. 21.Condyloid joints: a. Are a type of ball and socket joint. b. Includes the radiocarpal joint . c. Are a uniaxial diarthrosis joint. d. Are found at the proximal radioulnar joint. 22.A meniscus is: a. A fibrocartilage pad that provides padding between bones b. A fluid-filled space that prevents friction between a muscle tendon and underlying bone c. The articular cartilage that covers the ends of a bone at a synovial joint d. The lubricating fluid within a synovial joint. 23.The joints between the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae can contribute to which movement? a. Lateral flexion b. Circumduction c. Dorsiflexion d. Abduction 24.Which motion moves the bottom of the foot away from the midline of the body? a. Elevation b. Dorsiflexion c. Eversion d. Plantar flexion 25.Movement of a body region in a circular motion at a condyloid joint is what kind of motion? a. Rotation b. Elevation c. Abduction d. Circumduction

5 26.Supination is the motion that moves the _________. a. Hand from the palm backward position to the palm forward position. b. Foot so that the bottom of the foot faces the midline of the body. c. Hand from the palm forward position to the palm backward position. d. Scapular in an upward direction. 27.Movement at the shoulder joint that moves the upper limb laterally away from the body is called: a. Elevation b. Eversion c. Abduction d. Lateral rotation 28.The primary support for the glenohumeral joint is provided by the: a. Coracohumeral ligament b. Glenoid labrum c. Rotator cuff muscles d. Subacromial bursa 29.The proximal radioulnar joint _________. a. is supported by the annular ligament. b. Contains an articular disc that strongly unites the bones. c. Is supported by the ulnar collateral ligament. d. Is a hinge joint that allows for flexion/extension of the forearm. 30.Which statement is true concerning the knee joint? a. The lateral meniscus is an intrinsic ligament located on the lateral side of the knee joint. b. Hyperextension is resisted by the posterior cruciate ligament. c. The anterior cruciate ligament supports the knee when it is flexed and weight bearing. d. The medial meniscus is attached to the tibial collateral ligament. 31.The ankle joint: a. Is also called the subtalar joint. b. Allows for gliding movements that produce inversion/eversion of the foot. c. Is a uniaxial hinge joint. d. Is supported by the tibial collateral ligament on the lateral side. 32.Which region of the vertebral column has the greatest range of motion for rotation? a. Cervical b. Thoracic c. Lumbar d. Sacral 33.Intramembranous ossification: a. Gives rise to the bones of the limbs. b. Produces the bones at the top and sides of the skull. c. Produces the bones of the face and base of the skull.