BIO 218 Ch 10 DNA Replication Wk 2 HW

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BIO 218 Week 2 Ch 10 Replication HW 1. What does “exonuclease” vs “endonuclease” activity mean? Fill in the chart below answering ‘yes” or “no” for each activity. In prokaryotes, which enzyme important for DNA polymerization has both 5° — 3 exonuclease AND 3’ — 5’ exonuclease activity? What is the purpose of having both activities? Enzyme 3-5 5°-3° 3-5 5-3 Polymerase Polymerase Exonuclease Exonuclease DNA Pol I No Ves Res Naw DNA Pol 111 Qs Ves No No 2. Starting with initiation, outline the five steps needed to complete synthesis of a DNA heteroduplex in a prokaryotic model. How are the site(s) where replication begin(s) is/are characterized in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes? What is beneficial about this? Are the sites the same in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? How do they differ? Explain how Schnos & Inman experimentally determined the direction of DNA replication. What was the conclusion drawn from their work? When does DNA replicate in the cell cycle of eukaryotes and prokaryotes? Why does this differ for prokaryotes vs eukaryotes? What are Okazaki fragments? Why are Okazaki fragments only found on the lagging strand, but not on the leading strand of DNA?
BIO 218 Week 2 Ch 10 Replication HW 7. In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, of the 3 hypothetical mechanisms of DNA replication, which mode of replication can be eliminated based on data derived after one generation of E. colireplication and which mode can be eliminated after two generations? Why? Show the four resulting helices for each model after the 2nd generation. / ’ fl 7 / / / / i / = "4 _-E coligrown in 5N-labeled medium (] E. coli DNA becomes uniformly labeled with '®N in nitrogenous bases Generation 0 Generation | Generation Il Generation llI = = o= —_— —_— —_— —_— N-labeled Cells Cells Cells “A\E. coli added t replicate replicate a replicate 2 "N medium once in second time // a third time i 3 — 14N in 14N in 14N g Gravitational force DNA extracted and centrifuged in gradient Y — i — 15Nl15N 15NI14N 14N/14N 15N/14N 14Nl14N 15N/14N Describe the differences between Topoisomerase | and Topoisomerase II. What is the function of each? During prokaryotic DNA replication, adds an RNA primer to naked template strands of DNA. Why is this necessary during replication? What fills the gap after removal of this RNA primer? What are the analogous players in an eukaryotic model?
BIO 218 Week 2 Ch 10 Replication HW 10. Using the replication bubble below, draw and label the following: Indicate the origin of replication on both strands. Label the 3 and 5’ ends on the two parental strands. c. Draw and label the polarity of newly made leading and lagging strands in the bubble starting at the origins of replication. o ATTCC ) CGGGC " /\c643 O(JA 3[ 11. Describe what happens to this higher order structure of nucleosomes during replication? What protein transports the histones of Nucleosomes into the nucleus? What protein delivers them to the replication sites?
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BIO 218 Week 2 Ch 10 Replication HW 12. Label all relevant structures and enzymes. Be sure to identify the 5° and 3’ ends. Indicate the function of each enzyme. Which Polymerase is the true “replicase” of prokaryotes? 11 12
BIO 218 Week 2 Ch 10 Replication HW 13. Label all relevant enzymes. Indicate the function of each enzyme. Which Polymerase functions on the leading strand? The lagging strand? Both? | 6 | 13.) Using the numbering in Question #12, fill-in the chart comparing analogous replication fork participants by function for prokaryotic vs eukaryotic replication. Eukaryotic enzyme Function Analogous Prokaryotic Enz 1)
BIO 218 Week 2 Ch 10 Replication HW 14.) What is the problem with the ends of linear eukaryotic chromosomes? How does telomerase help the issue? Outline the 4 steps in the process of telomere replication.
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