Qualitative Tests for Biological Molecules Exercise 3 Lab

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Montclair State University *

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101

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Biology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Mariam Salah Professor Limguangco General Biology I Lab February 6, 2023 Qualitative Tests for Biological Molecules Exercise 3 Lab Procedure 3.1: Benedict’s Test for Reducing Sugar Test Tube Contents Results (+) or (-) Interpretation 1 dH 2 o No Color Change - No Presence of Sugar 2 known reducing sugar solution Redish/Orange color + Presence of Sugar 3 Amino Acid Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Sugar 4 Glucose Solution Redish/Orange color + Presence of Sugar 5 Vegetable Oil No Color Change - No Presence of Sugar 6 Egg Albumen Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Sugar 7 Starch Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Sugar 8 Sucrose Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Sugar 9 DNA Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Sugar 1. - Positive: {known reducing sugar solution & glucose solution} - Negative: {dH 2 O, Amino Acid, Vegetable Oil, Egg Albumen, Starch, Sucrose, & DNA} 2. The results report what you found, without speculating on why you found these results. The interpretation is the meaning of the results, puts them in context, and explains why they matter. 3. The distilled water is devoid of any minerals or salts, it’s a negative solution. 4. Test Tubes 2 & 4 contain reducing sugars. 5. The water bath is the heat source. Reducing sugar oxidized when it is heated with Benedict's solution, which means the sugar loses electrons on heat. 6. This allows for consistent heating and the same heat applied to all of the test tubes. It takes outside variables out of the picture and allows for more accurate results. 7. Skipped Optional Test 2A.
8. Skipped Optional Test 2A. 9. Yes, heating would increase the rate of the biochemical reaction. The rate of biochemical reactions increases with an increase in temperature because temperatures cause an increase in the kinetic energy of the molecules. Procedure 3.2: Using Iodine to Test for the presence of Starch Test Tube Contents Results (+) or (-) Interpretation 1 dH 2 o No Color Change - No Presence of Starch 2 known starch solution No Color Change - No Presence of Starch 3 Amino Acid Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Starch 4 Glucose Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Starch 5 Vegetable Oil No Color Change - No Presence of Starch 6 Egg Albumen Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Starch 7 Potato Juice Dark Purple Color Change + Presence of Starch 8 Sucrose Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Starch 9 DNA Solution No Color Change - No Presence of Starch 1. - Positive: {Potato Juice} - Negative: {dH 2 O, known starch, amino acid, glucose, egg albumen, sucrose, & DNA} 2. The results report what you found, without speculating on why you found these results. The interpretation is the meaning of the results, puts them in context, and explains why they matter. 3. The distilled water is devoid of any minerals or salts, it’s a negative solution. 4. Test Tube 7 contains starch. 5. Procedure 3.3: The Biuret Test for Proteins Test Tube Contents Results (+) or (-) Interpretation 1 dH 2 o No Color Change - No Presence of proteins 2 known protein solution Color Change + Presence of protein
3 Amino Acid Solution Color Change + Presence of protein 4 Glucose Solution No Color Change - No Presence of proteins 5 Vegetable Oil No Color Change - No Presence of proteins 6 Egg Albumen Solution Color Change + Presence of protein 7 DNA Solution No Color Change - No Presence of proteins 8 Starch Solution No Color Change - No Presence of proteins 1. - Positive: {known protein, amino acid, & egg albumen} - Negative: {dH 2 O, glucose, vegetable, DNA, & starch} 2. The results report what you found, without speculating on why you found these results. The interpretation is the meaning of the results, puts them in context, and explains why they matter. 3. The distilled water is devoid of any minerals or salts, it’s a negative solution. 4. Test Tubes 2, 3, & 6. 5. Free amino acids lack peptide bonds because they function as monomers that multiply & link by peptide bonds to form a protein chain. A free amino acid has two groups: a carbonyl group (- COOH) & a -NH2 group. At a minimum, two amino acids must be connected by a peptide chain to form a protein chain. Procedure 3.4: Separation of Phase as a Test for the Presence of Lipids Test Tube Contents Results (+) or (-) Interpretation 1 dH 2 o Miscibl e - No Separation 2 known DNA solution Miscibl e - No Separation 3 Amino Acid Solution Miscibl e - No Separation 4 Glucose Solution Miscibl e - No Separation 5 Vegetable Oil Immisci ble + Separation 6 Egg Albumen Solution Immisci ble + Separation 7 RNA Solution Miscibl e - No Separation 1. - Positive: {Vegetable oil & Egg Albumen} - Negative: {dH 2 o, known DNA, amino acid, glucose, & RNA}
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2. The results report what you found, without speculating on why you found these results. The interpretation is the meaning of the results, puts them in context, and explains why they matter. 3. The distilled water is devoid of any minerals or salts, it’s a negative solution. 4. Test Tubes 5 & 6 contain lipids. 5. Liquids that mix with each other are called miscible liquids. Liquids that do not mix with each other are called immiscible liquids.