BIOS255 Lab Week1

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School

Chamberlain University College of Nursing *

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Course

255

Subject

Biology

Date

Feb 20, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by HighnessMorning11005

Paola Rodriguez Week 1 Blood Learning Objectives:  Identify the cellular components of blood and state their functions.  Explain the role of the white blood cells in protecting the body from disease.  Analyze complete blood counts.  Learn how to use an automatic hematology analyzer and how to prepare a peripheral smear.  Name the 4 major blood types in the ABO system.  Explain the principles of blood typing using Eldon cards.  Describe Rh incompatibility and hemolytic disease of the newborn. Introduction: The body is a complex multicellular organism that comprises trillions of cells working together as tissues, organs, and systems. These cells require a continuous supply of oxygen and nutrients in order to function. They also need an efficient and fast means of delivery of these substances as well as a means of removing waste byproducts. Blood is composed of 2 components: blood plasma and the formed elements. In the first lab simulation, you will generate complete blood counts and prepare blood smears of control and patient samples to diagnose various blood disorders in three patients. Dive into the inner workings of the different blood components with immersive 3D animations, where you will get acquainted with the morphology and function of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. In the second lab you will learn the basics of antibodies. Even though antibodies are proteins that protect us from harmful intruders, they can sometimes cause problems. You will learn about antibody-antigen interaction and the mechanism that lies behind Rh incompatibility. You will discover what antigens and antibodies have to do with blood type, and why mixing certain different blood types together can cause problems. In this simulation, you will examine blood samples from a mother and her unborn child, to determine whether or not they are compatible. Assignment: Part 1: Complete Labster “Hematology: Introduction to Blood” As you complete the lab, have the lab report ready to record data. The theory section of the lab is a useful resource. Part 2: Complete Labster “Antibodies: Why are some blood types incompatible?” As you complete the lab, have the lab report ready to record data. The theory section of the lab is a useful resource. Part 3: Complete the Lab report. Blood Lab Report

Answer the following questions: Part 1 Lab questions: 1. Identify the WBCs: (1 point each) a. Monocyte b. Neutrophil

2. Record the Data: (3 points) Patient CBC abnormality Peripheral smear result Patient 1 WBC slightly elevated and platelets decreased Intercellular parasites Patient 2 Abnormal MCV, MCH, and HTC Abnormal shape red blood cells Patient 3 NONE There are none available 3. What is the importance of a complete blood count? (1 point) A complete blood count is a blood test used to assess your general health and find a number of diseases, such as leukemia, anemia, and infections. Multiple aspects of your blood are measured by a full blood count test. 4. What information does a peripheral smear add to the results of a complete blood count? (1 point) A popular method to examine the morphology of blood cells is peripheral blood smear, often known as blood film. 5. Identify the diagnosis of the 3 patients in the Part 1 Labster lab as determined by their CBC and Peripheral Smear results. (3 points) Patient 1: Malaria, which patient caught on a trip Patient 2: Sick cell anemia Patient 3: Patient born with hemophilia Part 2 Lab questions: 6. When is Rh incompatibility an issue for a pregnant woman and her baby? (1 point) If the child tests positive for RH, the mother's immune system may release RH antibodies that can cross the placenta and assault the baby's red blood cells. Hemolytic anemia is the outcome, in which the body can no longer produce enough red blood cells to replace those that have been lost. Because red blood cells transport oxygen

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throughout the body, hemolytic illness of infants, or low red blood cell count, can be fatal to the child. 7. What do the antibodies in the “Anti-D” test circle detect? (1 point) The anti-D test circle detect Rhesus antigens 8. What is the cause of blood agglutination on the Eldon test cards? (1 point) The Eldon Test cards' blood agglutination is due to clumping. 9. Why can agglutination be lethal for a patient when it occurs during a blood transfusion? (1 point) Agglutination can be fatal for a patient since it can result in blood vessel obstructions. 10. Why is blood type O neg called the “universal donor”? (1 point) O- Is referred to as the universal donor since its red blood cells have no antigens that can be used to identify foreign blood, which means they can donate their blood to anybody regardless of their blood type. Grading Rubric for Lab Report Activity Deliverable Point s Part 1 Complete Labster “Hematology: Introduction to Blood” 10 Part 2 Complete Labster “Antibodies: Why are some blood types incompatible?” 10 Part 3 Complete lab report 10 Total Complete all lab activities 30 Abbreviations CBC: complete blood count WBC: white blood cell

BIOS255 Lab Week1

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