Exam 1 Practice Test

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Biology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Name _______________________________________________________________ FORM A Biol212.01 Biology of Animals Practice Examination I Part I. Multiple Choice. Answer all of the questions giving the BEST possible response. There is only one correct response for each question. Read all responses before choosing an answer! 1 pt. each 1. Which of the following would be considered evidence for distribution of animals by dispersal? a) African mainland insect species found on islands off the horn of Africa and in the Caribbean. b) The same insect species found on two sides of a new mountain range. c) The same fossil insect species found in Laurasia and Gondwana sedimentary rock formations. d) Insects that are smaller on islands compared to the same species on the mainland. e) Choose this answer if none of the above (a-d) would be considered evidence for dispersal. 2. Which of the following is a tissue type derived from endoderm? a) bone tissue b) intestinal epithelium c) horn tissue d) blood tissue e) Choose this answer if all of the above (a-d) are derived from endoderm. 3. Which of the following functions is correctly matched with its embryonic membrane? a) The amnion holds water to cushion the embryo during development. b) The allantois provides a place to store waste material away from the embryo. c) The yolk sac provides a source of nourishment to the embryo. d) The chorion is the outer protective layer around the embryo. e) Choose this answer if all of the above (a-d) are correctly matched with their function. 4. Which of the following cells in spermatogenesis is diploid? a) primary spermatocyte b) secondary spermatocyte c) spermatid d) mature sperm cell 5. Cephalization most likely co-evolved with a) formation of the mouth at the very front of the animal body. b) concentration of sensory structures on the side of the body encountering the environment first. c) formation of gonads at the posterior of the body. d) formation of a nerve net across the epidermis. e) Choose this answer if all of the above (a-d) most likely co-evolved with cephalization.

6. True or False. _________ The Devonian Period occurred after the Silurian Period in time but came before the Cambrian Period in time. True or False. _________ Season migration of geese (birds) from Canada to Mexico each year is a form of emigration. True or False. _________ During oogenesis, division is unequal to produce a large polar body with most of the cytoplasm and a small egg cell with just chromosomes. Part III Matching Questions. (1 pt. each – Answers are used once only in each question.) 7. Match the following items with the BEST response in the list to the left. Answers are used once only. (1 pt each) (12 pts. Total) ______ Alfred Wallace a) asked a famous question “What is a species?” ______ Charles Lyell b) studied peas and determined principles of inheritance ______ Gregor Mendel c) proposed similar theory to evolution by natural selection ______ Thomas Henry Huxley d) proposed the theory of continental drift or plate tectonics 8. Match the following items with the BEST response in the list to the right. Answers are used once only. (1 pt each) (11 pts. Total) ______ phylogenetic polarity a) prediction of the theory of natural selection ______ fertilization membrane b) having similar structure and function but not origin ______ dioecious c) outgroup in phylogenetic analysis ______ analogous structure c) prevents more than one sperm entering an egg cell ______ spiral cleavage d) an area between two biomes sharing characteristics of both ______ ecotone e) having separate individuals with separate sexes.

1 10 20 30 HDSMKAKEICRNFLGHWYDSYVNATTIFDD YDSNKAQEICRDFLGHWYDSYVNATTIFDD HDSIKAKEICRKFLGHWYDSYVNATTIFDD HNSNKAKDICRDFLAHWYDSYLNATSIFDD HDSNRAKDICRNFLGHWYDSYVNATKIFDD HDSQRAKDICRQFLAHWYDSYVNATRIFDD HDAQKAQDVCREFLKNWYDSYVNATNIFND EDGEKADSVCRNFLENWYDSYKNATNIFND Part IV - Short Answer. Use the space provided for the short answers or fill in the blanks provided with the appropriate term or phrase. Be concise with your answers. 9. Below is an aligned sequence of bacterial LUXA protein conserved domains. Shown is a section of 30 homologous amino acid sequence positions. Within this sequence, find the indicated position and identify the requested amino acid sequence letters. (8 pts.) Identify a homologous amino acid position that is absolutely conserved. (Remember to write Position # and Letter.) Absolutely conserved site _______________ Identify a homologous amino acid position that shows an autapomorphy. Autapomorphic site ____________________ Identify a homologous amino acid position that shows a synapomorphy. Synapomorphic site ________________ Identify a homologous amino acid position that shows a symplesiomorphy. Symplesiomorphic site __________________

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10. What would be ONE selective or adaptive advantage to being able to switch sexes as occurs in some animals like the Bluehead Wrasse? (2 pts.) ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 11. Aphids (shown in picture below) are extreme pest species on many commercial and garden plant species. Importantly, female aphids can produce many offspring in a short time without mating. What is the name for the process of females producing offspring without mating? (1 pt.) _______________________________________________________________ Why would this process be helpful for the aphid population? (1 pt.) ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________