week 6 discussion

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Feb 20, 2024

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Week 6: Discussion Forum No unread replies.No replies. A 29-year-old female develops sepsis following a bacterial infection from a leg wound. As a consequence, she experiences profound vasodilation. For the prompt, explain in depth: 1. What effect does vasodilation have on afterload and why? Afterload is the minimum pressure that the heart needs to overcome in order to eject blood out of the ventricles during contraction. Blood that is ejected from the ventricles, then, flows through arteries towards the veins. Just like any other fluid flowing through a vessel (e.g. a pipe), blood flow is affected by a number of factors, one of which is vascular resistance, or the pressure that blood encounters as it flows through blood vessels; in essence, the smaller the vessel, i.e. the smaller the radius, the more resistance the blood encounters. In vasodilation, blood vessels generally dilate, which increases their tube radius. The increase in tube radius also decreases vascular resistance, allowing for blood to flow easier, which means there is less pressure needed for the ventricles to eject blood—this is the basis for the decrease in afterload during vasodilation. 2. What effect does vasodilation have on blood pressure and why? Vasodilation decreases the blood pressure because of a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. A number of things occur during vasodilation; two of which includes an increase in the vessel radius (dilation) and a decrease in resistance that blood encounters as it flows through such condition. In hemodynamics, a pressure gradient drives blood flow and is a function of blood flow (Q) and vascular resistance (R). When blood vessels are dilated, systemic vascular resistance decreases, allowing for more blood to flow. Based on the previous hemodynamic relationship, decreasing vascular resistance creates a decrease in the pressure gradient. This decrease in the pressure gradient directly affects blood pressure, lowering it in the process. 3. How would her body compensate to bring her blood pressure back to homeostasis? References Martini, F., Tallitsch, R., & Nath, J. (2018). Human Anatomy (Ninth). Pearson. Silverthorn, D. (2019). Human physiology: An integrated approach. San Francisco: Pearson/Benjamin Cummings.

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