Aden Tabers 10-BIO104-StudyGuide-Exam2-MolluscaThruInvertChordates-FA2023

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Biology

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Feb 20, 2024

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BIO 104 Lecture Exam 2 Study Guide Ch 31 Animal Firsts (May come from any chapter) Ch 31 Mollusca 1. Was Mollusca the first phylum that we covered to show an eucoelom? Yes 2. Was Mollusca the first phylum that we covered to show extensive specialization of the digestive tract? Yes 3. What is the larval type for mollusks? trochophore larvae 4. What are some of the major characteristics of mollusks? a visceral body, muscular foot, mantle, coelom, radula (except bivalves), and one or two shells 5. What is the 180 o twisting of a mollusks visceral mass? Torsion 6. What makes class bivalvia unique from other mollusks? bivalves lack a distinct head with all of its associated organs 7. What is the class for cuttlefish? Cephalopoda 8. What is the class for mussels? Bivalvia 9. What is the tissue origin for octopus eyes? Skin tissue 10. What is the respiratory pigment in cephalopods? Hemocyanins 11. What type of feeding method do cephalopods use? Active predation, they use their beak and radula 12. What functions does the muscular foot of mollusks perform for the different classes? Either for movement or anchoring to a surface 13. What is the meaning of the word gastropoda? Stomach Foot 14. Are mollusks protostomes or deuterostomes? Protostomes 15. Do mollusks have a schizocoelom or an enterocoelom? schizo-coelom 16. How many plates make up the shells of chitons? Eight 17. What is the rasping organ of mollusks? The Radula 18. What is the name of the gills inside a nudibranch mantle cavity? Naked gill 19. Do bivalves have a well-developed brain? No, they have nerve clusters (Ganglia) 20. What are the rod-shaped chemosensory organs on the head of sea slugs? Rhinophores 21. The term “valve” in Bivalvia refers to what? A shell consisting of two separate but articulating parts 22. How do bivalves feed? They are filter feeders 23. What is the substance on the inside of a bivalve’s shell? Calcium Carbonate 24. What are the light sensory organs on the margin of bivalve shells? Ocelli Ch 31 Annelida 25. What is the term meaning serial repetition of body parts in bilaterally symmetrical animals? Metamerism 26. Is Annelida the first phylum to show a closed circulatory system? Yes but if Mollusca is on the test then no 27. Do segmented roundworms have a complete digestive tract? Yes

28. What type of muscles do earthworms have? Longitudinal and circular muscles 29. What is the grinding digestive organ in annelids? The Gizzard 30. What are the bristle-like structures that oligochaetes use to aid locomotion? Setae 31. What are the biramous projections seen in polychaetes? Parapodia 32. What is the class for leeches? Hirudinea 33. What is the class for fan worms? Polychaeta 34. What is the anti-coagulant secreted by leeches? Hirudin 35. Do earthworms use self- or cross-fertilization? Cross-fertilization 36. What is cross-fertilization? The fusion of male and female gametes (sex cells) from different individuals of the same species. 37. What type of skeleton do earthworms have? Hydrostatic skeleton 38. Are earthworms monoecious or dioecious? Monoecious (hermaphroditic) 39. What respiratory pigment do earthworms use? Hemoglobin 40. What type of feeding method do clam worms use? They use sensory hair-like organs to find prey and use their Chitinous jaws to feed (fangs) active predators Ch 31 Onychophora 41. What is the common name for members of Phylum Onychophora? Velvet Worms Ch 31 Arthropoda 42. What is the fusion of body segments into body regions (e.g. cephalothorax)? Tagmosis 43. How do insects transport O 2 to cells? They use a network of air tubes (tracheal system) 44. Which subphylum of arthropod uses book lungs or book gills for respiration? Chelicerata 45. Which subphylum of arthropod uses trachae for respiration? Uniramia 46. Which subphylum of arthropod uses gills for respiration? Crustacea 47. Which subphylum of arthropod has a cephalothorax-abdomen tagmosis? Chelicerata 48. What is the cycle for complete metamorphosis? Egg, Larva, Pupa, Adult 49. What is the order for cockroaches? Blatteria 50. What is the order for beetles? Coleoptera 51. What is the order for moths? Lepidoptera 52. What is the excretory organ for crustaceans? Green Glands (near the base of the antenna, head) 53. What does the word “Uniramia” mean? One branch, one tip on the appendage 54. What type of skeleton do arthropods use? Exoskeleton 55. Which members of uniramia have a head-trunk tagmosis? Millipede and centipedes 56. Which class of uniramia have a head-thorax-abdomen tagmosis? Insecta 57. What is the hormone that stimulates insects to shed? Ecdysiotropin (ecdysone) 58. Do arthropods have a schizocoelom or a deuterocoelom? Schizocoelom 59. What are the additional hearts that pump blood as insects fly or walk? Thoracic Hearts 60. What are the excretory organs of spiders? Malpighian Tubules and rectal glands 61. What are the first pair of feeding appendages in spiders? Chelicerae 62. How many antennae to chelicerates have? They have no antennae 63. What is the long tail of the horseshoe crab called? Telson 64. What are the respiratory organs of chelicerates? Book lungs or gills

65. What is the class for scorpions? Arachnida 66. What are some diseases that ticks can vector? RMSF and Lyme disease 67. Are crustacean appendages uniramous or biramous? Biramous 68. Which crustaceans form the major portion of the diet of commercial fish? Copepoda (Plankton) 69. What is the subclass for barnacles? Cirripedia 70. What is the class for lobsters? Malacostraca 71. Which crustaceans are terrestrial? Sow/pill bugs (rollie Polly) 72. Which crustaceans form a major portion of the diet of baleen whales? Krill 73. Are insect appendages uniramous or biramous? Uniramous 74. Are millipedes predators? No, they are herbivorous 75. What is the study of insects called? Entomology 76. What’s the order for locusts? Orthoptera 77. What’s the order for dragonflies? Odonata 78. What’s the order for mantises? Mantodea 79. What’s the order for termites? Isoptera 80. What’s the order for mosquitoes? Diptera 81. What’s the order for stink bugs? Hemiptera 82. What’s the order for honey bees? Hymenoptera 83. What is the name for the blood of insects? Hemolymph 84. What portion of the young adult population harbors mites? 1/2 85. Crustacean gills have what function(s)? Breathing and osmotic regulation 86. What is the subphylum for crayfish? Crustacea Ch 32 Echinodermata 87. What is the major characteristic that differentiates starfish from insects? Deuterostomes 88. What is the structure that brings water into a starfish’s water vascular system? The Madreporite 89. What is the fluid-filled sac at the base of a starfish’s tube feet? The Ampulla 90. How do starfish feed on bivalve mollusks? Grasp with tube feet then they stick their stomach out the mouth into the mollusk and secrete enzymes to digest their insides and then suck their stomach back in 91. What is the typical symmetry for sea stars? Radial along the oral/aboral axis 92. What is the class for brittlestars? Ophiuroidea 93. What is the class for sea urchins? Echinoidea 94. What is the class for featherstars? Crinoidea 95. What is the class for sea cucumbers? Holothuroidea 96. Are echinoderms protostomes or deuterostomes? Deuterostomes 97. Do echinoderms have a schizocoelom or a enterocoelom? Enterocoelom Ch 32 Invertebrate Chordata 98. What is the subphylum for tunicates? Tunicata 99. What is the subphylum for amphioxus? Cephalochordata 100. What organ gives subphylum Chordata its name? Notochord

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101. What is meant by hermaphroditic (scientific term)? When an organism has both male and female reproductive organs 102. What cells secrete the tunic in sea squirts? Morula cells 103. Do tunicates undergo direct development? No, they undergo metamorphosis.

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