HSAE 106- Assignment 1

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Student Name: Saijan Samarina Date: 14 October, 2023 Advanced Aesthetics and Spa Operations Program Anatomy & Physiology II for Esthetics Assignment 1 Case Study /11 Learning Objectives: HSAE 106- Assignment 1 Oxford College 2022 Page 1

- Identify the components of the integumentary system - Recognise the characteristics of healthy skin - List and critique the factors influencing skin health - Identify and compare the differences between lesions - Detect common contagious diseases - Integrate knowledge of diseases and disorders of the skin and express why it is valuable information for an esthetician The Integumentary System: Disorders and Diseases Case Study Frank Garcia is a 16-year-old male who lives in San Antonio, Texas, and runs for his high school track and cross-country team. He stores his gym clothes in a gym basket at school and launders them about once every three days. Frank went to his family physician complaining of a three-week history of foot discomfort. Frank first noticed a blister between his fourth and fifth toes. The blister broke a few days later and left a painful fissure. He attributed the problem to dry skin and began applying Vaseline to his feet every afternoon after showering at the gym. Frank then noticed that it progressed over the toes and sole of his foot. The eruption was painful and was characterized by erythema, scaling, blistering, and desquamation. HSAE 106- Assignment 1 Oxford College 2022 Page 2

Answer the questions below to demonstrate your knowledge: 1. In the diagram above the layers of the epidermis and dermis are labeled. Which layers separate when a blister forms? (1 mark) When a blister forms, the separation typically occurs between the epidermis and the upper layer of the dermis, specifically the stratum basale and the papillary layer of the dermis. 2. Frank's medical history uses the term "blister." What is the difference between the following lesions: pustule, vesicle, papule, cyst, and bulla? (5 marks) Here are the differences between the mentioned skin lesions: Pustule: A pustule is a small, raised lesion filled with pus. Vesicle: A vesicle is a small blister filled with clear fluid, like Frank's case. Papule: A papule is a small, solid, elevated lesion without fluid or pus. Cyst: A cyst is a closed sac-like structure filled with semi-solid or liquid material. Bulla: A bulla is a large blister, often greater than 5 mm in diameter, filled with clear fluid. 3. The blister has erupted on the second toe and the underlying dermis is visible. Based on what you have learned about burns and blisters, is the blister closest to a first-, second-, third-, or fourth-degree burn? (1 mark) Frank's blister, as described, is not a burn but a result of skin irritation or other dermatological issues. Therefore, it doesn't correspond to a first-, second-, third-, or fourth-degree burn. Blister formation is typically associated with conditions like friction, infections, or irritations, rather than burns. Frank was recommended to see a dermatologist, who scraped the affected area and examined it under the microscope. She diagnosed him with tinea pedis. Because of his blistering, she recommended soaking the toe in an antiseptic solution and prescribed an anti-fungal cream. 4. Define tinea pedis (1 mark) . Tinea pedis is a fungal infection of the feet, commonly known as athlete's foot. It's caused by various dermatophyte fungi and typically presents with symptoms like itching, redness, scaling, and sometimes blistering between the toes or on the soles of the feet. 5. What are some personal hygiene measures that Frank should take to help heal his eruption and help to prevent future outbreaks? (3 marks) HSAE 106- Assignment 1 Oxford College 2022 Page 3

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Personal hygiene measures Frank should take to help heal his tinea pedis eruption and prevent future outbreaks include: - Keep his feet clean and dry, especially between the toes. - Change and wash his socks regularly, preferably using an antifungal detergent. - Wear well-ventilated shoes, and if possible, open-toed shoes to allow air circulation. - Avoid walking barefoot in public areas, like locker rooms or swimming pools. - Use a separate towel for his feet and not share it with others. - Apply the prescribed antifungal cream as recommended by the dermatologist. - Consider using antifungal foot powders or sprays. - Ensure his gym clothes and shoes are properly cleaned and dried between uses to prevent reinfection. - If applicable, treat other family members or close contacts to prevent the spread of the fungus. HSAE 106- Assignment 1 Oxford College 2022 Page 4

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