CNL-500 Cognitve Case Study
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Application
College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Grand Canyon University CNL-500: Theories and Models of Counseling
August 11, 2021
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Application
Cognitive behavioral therapy is a popular term that is used to reference several counseling techniques such as cognitive therapy, rational emotive behavior therapy, and coping skills techniques (Murdock, 2017). Due to its profound success, cognitive behavioral therapy remains enormously popular in the counseling profession (Murdock, 2017). Since multiple techniques fall under the CBT umbrella, this treatment would be the most successful in treating Ana, the case study client. Ana is a 24-year-old female, who has recently lost her job, and is raising an 8-month-old child on her own, due to her husband being away on active military duty. For Ana’s treatment to be successful, she will need to remain autonomous throughout the process
and be willing to help identify any emotions that drive negative thoughts or behavior. Ana’s counseling goals and intervention strategies will be discussed and analyzed, along with her social
and cultural needs, treatment process, and decision making. Counseling Goals and Intervention Strategies
Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on alleviating the mental distress inflicted on patients by identifying and changing faulty information processing into more adaptive behaviors (Murdock, 2017). In doing this, counselors push their clients to become their own counselors and
are even encouraged to conduct their own “self-therapy” sessions (Murdock, 2017). To obtain the
best results for their clients, there are two central techniques that CBT therapists must use: collaboration and Socratic dialogue (
Kazantzis et al., 2021). These techniques are used to invite a
balance of dialogue between therapists and clients by giving clients the opportunity to input their
thoughts on their treatment and teaches them to accept feedback from their counselor (Kazantzis,
et al., 2021). While some CBT therapists highlight the importance of collaboration and socratici dialogue, others express the importance of mindful practices such as meditation and yoga to 2
reduce stress and compliment the cognitive behavior therapy process (Rapgay et al., 2011). The implementation of CBT and mindfulness strategies has been proven to be more effective at reducing and regulating uncontrollable worrying and anxious patterns. (Rapgay et al., 2011). This type of treatment would greatly benefit Ana as it would give her coping techniques that she can use at any time to treat her anxiety and strengthen her emotional. Process of Treatment
Cognitive behavioral therapy is intended to be a short-term, goal-oriented treatment, that is intended to push client’s to ultimately become their own counselor (Murdock, 2017). Cognitive behavioral therapy consists of three general stages: establishing a client-counselor relationship, goal setting, and socialization (Murdock, 2017). However, before any of these stages can occur, Ana’s counselor must go over her patient rights with an informed consent session. According to the American Counseling Association’s Code of Ethics (2014), informed consent must be given to inform a patient of his rights to help avoid potential malpractice suits. Once informed consent is given, Ana’s counselor can begin building rapport with her by immediately working to get to know her and figure out what her counseling goals are (Murdock, 2017). Once her goals are established, Ana’s counselor can assist her by teaching her about the cognitive model so that she may begin to use it in her daily life to help with her socialization skills (Murdock, 2017). Ana’s counselor will achieve this by giving her homework, which will assist her with identifying negative thoughts that affect her socialization skills. At their next session, Ana will report her homework findings to her counselor, and the two of them will discuss key findings (Murdock, 2017). This process will continue until Ana’s counselor feels confident enough in her ability to guide herself through anxiety or depression-driven episodes, allowing her to terminate therapy (Murdock, 2017). 3
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Social and Cultural Needs of the Client
Mental health issues affect individuals across all cultural backgrounds; however, treatment tends to be centered around western European values (Murdock, 2017). According to Graham et al., (2013), people of color only account for 36.2% of the population in the United States, making finding mental health treatment, tailored around cultural beliefs, difficult. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the few treatments that is used for multicultural counseling due to its wide diversity (Pantalone et al., 2009). Multicultural counseling focuses on applying treatment that is consistent with the life experiences and cultural values of clients from diverse backgrounds (Pantalone et al., 2009). According to Murdock (2017), this therapy technique is adapted to suit a wide range of client diversity and proved to be the most successful when compared to other therapy techniques. According to a study conducted by Pina et al., (2003), as cited in Graham et al., (2013), CBT has been extremely effective in treating anxiety and depression in the Latino community. This finding is beneficial for Ana due to her Guatemalan background. Counselors are also expected to do research on their clients’ backgrounds to ensure they adjust their practices accordingly (ACA, 2014). Role of Choice and Decision Making
Decision making is an essential part of cognitive behavioral therapy, as this entire process
relies on client autonomy (Murdock, 2017). Clients have free will, granting them the right to behave in any way that they would like. However, it is up to the counselor to assess these behaviors, discuss the problems at hand, and create a treatment plan that works with the client (Murdock, 2017). While counselors are not allowed to impose their thoughts on their clients, they are allowed to assist their clients reach their goals by allowing them to make mistakes and teaching them to learn from them (Murdock, 2017). 4
Cognitive Processes
The application of cognitive behavioral therapy would be immensely helpful in Ana’s treatment. Due to Ana’s anxiety and depressive symptoms, it would be extremely beneficial for her counselor to really consider her environment and her cultural background, to determine how they influence her mental health. The best way to implement this therapeutic process is to recall what is written in the ACA Code of Ethics. The very first code of the ACA Code of Ethics (2014), Code A.1.a, states that the primary responsibilities of a counselor are to respect the dignity of their clients and behaving in a manner that will promote their welfare. Ana’s counselor
must do this by avoiding imposing his values and must only practice within his licensed scope to avoid causing her any harm (ACA, 2014). According to Gardner (2017), counselors need to approach their treatment with structure, focus, and must be an extremely positive and active partner in their client’s therapy. If Ana’s counselor is unable to follow any of these obligations, he must refer her to someone who can uphold these responsibilities (ACA, 2014). Conclusion
Cognitive behavioral therapy has proven to be one of the most effective therapy treatments in the counseling profession. Not only does it allow clients to recognize their own maladaptive thoughts and behaviors, but it also teaches them how to counsel themselves to prevent further emotional damage in the future. The diversity of CBT makes it one of the most effective treatments for a variety of mental health disorders and different populations. The extensive teamwork between clients and counselors in the cognitive behavioral approach is what makes this approach so successful. 5
References
American Counseling Association. (2014)
ACA code of ethics. Retrieved from https://www.counseling.org/resources/aca-code-of-ethics.pdf
Gardner, J. R. (2017). Divergence and convergence: An examination of cognitive–behavioral and
dynamic therapies, theoretical and clinical perspectives. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration, 27(3), 395–406. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/int0000052
Graham, J. R., Sorenson, S., & Hayes-Skelton, S. A. (2013). Enhancing the cultural sensitivity of
cognitive behavioral interventions for anxiety in diverse populations.
The Behavior therapist
,
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(5), 101–108.
Kazantzis, N., Luong, H. K., McDonald, H. M., & Hofmann, S. G. (2021). Contemporary cognitive behavioral therapy. In
Handbook of cognitive behavioral therapy: Overview and approaches., Vol. 1.
(pp. 731–756). American Psychological Association. https://doi-
org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/0000218-025
Murdock, N. L. (2017). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy: A case approach
(4th ed.). Pearson Education.
Pantalone, D. W., Iwamasa, G. Y., & Martell, C. R. (2009). Cognitive-behavioral therapy with diverse populations. Handbook of cognitive-behavioral therapies, 445-464.
Rapgay, L., Bystritsky, A., Dafter, R. E., & Spearman, M. (2011). New Strategies for Combining Mindfulness with Integrative Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
Journal of Rational - Emotive & Cognitive - Behavior Therapy, 29
(2), 92-119. http://dx.doi.org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s10942-009-0095-z
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