PCN 475 Topic 1 DQ 2
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Grand Canyon University *
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Arts Humanities
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Jan 9, 2024
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Uploaded by LieutenantRaven1168
PCN 475- Treatment of Addiction and Substance Use Disorders- Children and Adolescents
College of Humanities and Human Services, Grand Canyon University
Taylor M. Shiers
December 11, 2023
Topic 1 Discussion Question 2
Hello Professor Johnson and Class,
Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause severe health complications such as
miscarriage, stillbirth, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention, 2023). Cigarette, cigar, or vaping during pregnancy can cause problems such as
sudden infant death syndrome, low birth weight, premature birth, and cleft lip and palate
(CDC, 2023). Opioid use during pregnancy can cause premature birth, poor fetal
development, stillbirth, birth defects, neonatal abstinence syndrome, or neonatal opioid
withdrawal syndrome (CDC, 2023). Marijuana use during pregnancy can cause low birth
weight as well as attention and learning problems (CDC, 2023). While some substances have
common impacts such as stillbirth, premature birth, and low birth weight, all substances
affect the developing fetus differently and all have negative consequences. Fetal alcohol
syndrome can continue to affect the child later in life by causing low body weight, poor
coordination, hyperactive behavior, learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, small head
size, facial abnormalities, and problems with the heart, kidneys, or bones (Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, 2023). Children that were born with neonatal abstinence syndrome
can have long-term effects such as developmental delays, motor problems, behavior and
learning problems, speech and language problems, sleep problems, ear infections, and vision
problems (March of Dimes, 2019).
Taylor
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023).
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
(FASDs).
Retrieved December 11, 2023, from
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.html
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023).
Polysubstance use during
pregnancy.
Retrieved December 11, 2023,
from
https://www.cdc.gov/pregnancy/polysubstance-use-in-
pregnancy.html#:~:text=These%20disabilities%20are%20known%20as,opioid
%20withdrawal%20syndrome%20(NOWS).
March of Dimes. (2019).
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).
Retrieved December 11,
2023, from
https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/planning-baby/neonatal-
abstinence-syndrome-nas
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