Community Nutrition- Chapter 7

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Fort Valley State University *

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Anthropology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Taylor Hodges Ms. Tolbert Chapter 7 Fort Valley State University College of Agriculture, Family Sciences and Technology Department of Family and Consumer Sciences Community Nutrition FDNU 4832 9 November 2023

Chapter 7: Program Planning for Success 1. Describe the usual steps of policy making. Step 1: Problem Definition and Agenda Setting: The problem is defined and brought to the attention of the public and policymakers. Issues become part of the public agenda when they are considered by a legislature, administrative agency, or court. Step 2: Formulation of Alternatives: Possible solutions to the problem are devised. Step 3: Policy Adoption: The tools or instruments for dealing with the problem are chosen. Examples of policy “tools” include regulations, cash grants, loans, tax breaks, certification, fines, price controls, quotas, public promotion, public investment, and government-sponsored programs. These tools are wielded by federal, state, and municipal departments and agencies that are responsible for implementing policy: After the best solution to the problem has been agreed upon and the tools for dealing with the problem have been chosen, the policy is modified to fit the needs, resources, and wants of the implementing agencies and the intended clientele. Implementation is the process of putting a policy into action. Step 4:Policy Implementation The impact of the policy and the tools used to implement it are evaluated. The strategies chosen for addressing the problem, using the appropriate tools agreed upon, are put into place. Step 5: Policy evaluation: The purpose of policy evaluation is to determine whether a program is achieving its stated goals and reaching its intended audience, what the program is actually accomplishing, and who is benefiting from it. Step 6: Policy termination: A policy or program may be terminated for any of several reasons: the public need was met, the nature of the problem changed, government no longer had a mandate in the area, the policy lost political support, private agencies

relieved the need, a political system or subgovernment ceased to function, or the policy was too costly. Determining when a policy should be terminated is somewhat subjective. At what point do you decide that the public’s need has been met? What measures do you use to conclude that the problem was solved? 2. Discuss two of the emerging policy issues that have the potential to affect the delivery of food and nutrition programs and services . Bioterrorism and Food Safety: The FDA Food Safety Modernization Act the first major reform of food safety laws in more than 70 years was signed into law by President Barack Obama on January 4, 2011. The law aims to ensure the U.S. food supply is safe by changing the focus from a tradition of government inspectors responding to contamination to placing significant responsibilities on farmers and food processors to prevent contamination. The FDA will address the hazards from farm to table, including the producing, processing, transporting, and preparation of foods. Sustainable Food Systems and Public Health: The involvement of public health professionals in food and agricultural policy provides many opportunities for advancing the public’s health. Food policy councils (FPCs ): Are an effective tool, particularly at the local The Professional Focus and state level, for food and nutrition practitioners to become involved in developing comprehensive food system policies that advance public health. 3. Identify three ways in which the community nutritionist can influence policymaking. 1. People work together in an organized way to create club’s groups to advance a particular interest that is shared amongst the individuals. These groups create strategic pressure on government agencies and policymakers to take a particular decision on an issue. These groups are also called advocacy groups or special, interest groups. 2. Lobbying involves providing certain information to public authority figures regarding an issue. Lobbyists work to perdure the authority to consider the provided information and take necessary actions on the same.

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3. Coalitions among similar interest groups increase networking and enable such groups to reach a bigger political target, which would not possible if the groups worked individually. Coalitions influence public policy- making by increasing pressure on political agencies. Also, these groups form a strong public opinion and reach out to the masses through media, non-profit organizations, or informal groups like church groups.

Community Nutrition- Chapter 7

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