2a ATH185 Spring 2023 Thompson

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Oct 30, 2023

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Week 2: Making the Familiar Strange Laura A Thompson ATH185
Collaborative Presentations: Don’t forget to sign up (Google doc on Canvas) 2
Reviewing the Nacirema Week 2: Making the Familiar Strange 3
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What is Miner doing? What words, turns of phrase, framing is he using? • “The focal point of the shrine [into which one enters every morning] is a box or a chest which is built into the wall. In this chest are kept the many charms and magical potions without which no native believes he could live. These preparations are secured from a variety of specialized practitioners. The most powerful of these are the medicine men, whose assistance must be rewarded with substantial gifts. However the medicine men do not provide the curative potions for their clients, but decide what the ingredients should be and then write them down in an ancient and secret language…understood only by the medicine men and by the herbalists who, for another gift, provide the required charm.”
Medicine cabinets: Spruce.com/Chloe Jeong; Doctor’s note: Quora.com, user Iris
Olivia, Brandon, Kevin In this particular temple, thousands of Nacirema stare at a diamond. The temple is filled with the essence of unshelled nuts, cracker jack, and yellow fermented drinks. Thousands of people come to celebrate their heroes. The heroes on the floor of the temple get ready to hit mud-covered leather balls with wooden sticks. If one of the heroes runs all around the floor of the temple, they are rewarded with an eruption of praise from their worshipers. During this traditional ritual, the Nacirema also engage in coordinated dances wherein they extend their hands into the air, standing up and sitting down in close succession. They frequently do these traditional dances while wearing shirts bearing not their names but their heroes’ names. Week 2: Making the Familiar Strange 6
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Paul, Kevin, Grace Although the Nacirema teach children to fear adults whom they don’t know, they send their children for a good part of the week to a place they call loohcs, where no parents are present. It isn’t possible for the parents to know all of the adults in the loohcs. The children stay there for several hours a day. At night they are given work to practice certain rituals that they learn. The children practice these rituals in order to receive a magic letter that gives them validation for their brains. Parents cannot always do the rituals but they expect their children to do them, and they grow frustrated with children who do not receive the magic letter. Week 2: Making the Familiar Strange 7
Charlie, Mary, Eliza, Tulasii During the cold times, the Nacirema partake in an activity I've seen as quite strange. If sufficient snow has come down, all of the Nacirema in an effected area will shut down many of their temples and ritual areas. They will often, in groups, partake in repetitive activities that seem to serve no functional purpose. They will take large flat pieces of wood or other materials, and descend down hills seemingly for transportation, however, once at the bottom they will take their vehicle, and return to the top of the slope to repeat the process. They also will partake in ritual combat with each other, using makeshift weapons and projectiles created from the surrounding precipitation. This combat is usually nonlethal, and yet it appears to serve heavy purpose in social hierarchies among younger members of the Nacirema. Week 2: Making the Familiar Strange 8
Nick, Kate, Patrick Every day countless members of the Tebstrops clan dedicate countless hours to analyzing many other tribes as they gather to compete against each other for no prize other than honor. Tebstrop high priests can see into the future and can always tell which tribe will beat the other. The Tebstrop people are very proud on the fact that they can always predict the winning tribe and many other local tribes send their intellectuals to learn from the Tebstrop in order to learn how to see the future. Once a week, all the neighboring clans venture to Tebstrop to watch competitions take place and each tribe tries to predict the winner. Week 2: Making the Familiar Strange 9
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Peyton The Nacirema engage in a ritual centered on the lifting of smoothed rocks and large, heavy object objects. For this ritual, the Nacirema go to special locations filled with these heavy items and featuring open areas in which the Nacirema can lift rocks and run in circles. This activity strangely can result both in a decrease as well an increase in body size for different Nacirema. Often, Nacirema will have important tasks to do (repair or cleaning their dwellings, for example), but they will choose to expend energy instead lifting these rocks. Week 2: Making the Familiar Strange 10
Today’s Reading: “Weird Westerners” from Anthrovision , by Gillian Tett (2020) Anthrovision shows how anthropology has relevance outside of academia. Gillian Tett’s Wikipedia Page
Worksheets in small groups • In your answers, please cite precise details from the text (include page numbers to practice good citation habits). • Take notes on your group’s answers; your notes will be useful for your quiz. (You are also welcome to scan your worksheet with your phone, for example). • Turn in your worksheet to our UA at the end of class. • Be sure to focus on: Primrose Schools, Mars, Campbell’s, Procter & Gamble, & the EU/US Financial Institutions (ReD) 12
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Zeroing in • What methods did anthropologists use, for whom? • What were their findings? • What is WEIRD? How does WEIRD show up in anthropologists’ consulting work? • What did Joseph Heinrich suggest? – How do different people generally (with caveats) answer the question, ‘who am I?’ 13
What should anthropologists study? • Who did anthropologists “traditionally” study? • Social evolutionism • “Salvage ethnography” • In response to this history, anthropologists in the post-WWII years shifted back towards the study of the West • “new savages” (women, chronically ill, recent immigrants, racial minorities, people living in poverty, people committing crimes) • Movement towards “studying up” –– pay attention to the social conditions that create the worlds that the rest of us, including the most marginalized, live in • In the 1980s/1990s, the impetus to pursue a different type of “morally guided” anthropology: the study of suffering
“Suffering Slot” • Term for what anthropologists shifted to study: those suffering • Why? Joel Robbins (2013) proposes that it is because, whereas anthropology no longer had space for the “Savage” (Trouillot 2003) people could understand others as suffering because they also suffered – suffering became a basis of shared experience that rejected “ Othering “ • Shift from analytical difference to moral empathy and human unity (via experience) [sound familiar?] • Returns to the familiar anthropological trope, perhaps undergirding the whole discipline: “there must be better ways to live” • Risks to this focus on “suffering” – problems of “representation" • Where is agency? • Corollary problem: what does agency look like? • Is there a danger to a representation of suffering? • Response to depiction of Black suffering in art: Afro-futurism • Do we see the source of this suffering, or just the suffering itself? (Does suffering become a ”cultural” problem produced by those who endure it? Can we see the bigger picture?)
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Afrofuturism : a response to the savage & suffering slots Note: we will return to these “problems of representation” in our last week of the semester
How does one do Fieldwork? • Ethnography is the in-depth study of everyday practices, approach to research that includes observing people in their cultural setting for a long period of time, participating in daily life, and asking open-ended questions. Ethnographers keep “field notes,” which are journals of daily activities and observations. • Polish/British anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski spent two years in the field, the first time an anthropologist had spent so much time doing fieldwork • Fieldwork is the most important method of anthropology, where an anthropologist goes to “the field” to live with the society or community that they intend to study. • Participant observation is the method of trying to understand a culture by participating in its daily activities. • Unstructured/semi-structured interviews are interviews with people living in the community/society where the questions asked are not pre-arranged or do not lead the interviewee in a particular direction. • Key informants/interlocutors are people the anthropologist relies upon for information about the community ʼ s beliefs, rituals, relationships, etc. Key interlocutors may also help the anthropologist through arranging interviews, introductions, or connecting them with important people in the society
How does one “enter” these fields? • Let’s imagine you were doing fieldwork on…. • The FBI headquarters in Northern Virginia • A university campus in Boston • A chicken factory in Oklahoma • A kindergarten in Oxford, OH • A courthouse in Tunis, Tunisia • A vineyard in Southern France Consider the following: how would you gain access? What procedures or people would help you? What skills would you need to enter the field? What skills would you need to get interviews, to observe people? What might it feel like to be there? What would your greatest fears be “in the field”? What would be the most exciting?
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Your first ethnographic writing assignment (due 9/23) • Select a place to observe (some ideas: coffee shops, restaurants, parks, shops, grocery stores, student center, dorms, homes, movie theatres, malls, gyms, zoos, karaoke and live music venues, town halls, political rallies, student groups’ events) • Take notes (at least 2 pages) • Write a very short reflection of what you see in your notes (300-400 words): what was it like to be acting as an anthropologist in this space? what did you notice that you would have otherwise never realized? With your small group, make a list of questions you might ask to help guide your note-taking. An example: if you choose a coffeeshop, you might pay attention to the rules for ordering: How do you phrase an order? Is there a minimum or maximum amount to order? Where do you stand during and after your order? Channel Miner, making the familiar strange, making what is “neutral” and thus invisible to you visible and noteworthy.
Photography assignment (due by tomorrow night at 11:59 PM) • What would you show someone new to Miami to help them understand cultural life here? Grab your phones and take a picture of something – anything – that you think illustrates an important aspect of Miami University’s culture. Upload it by tonight with one line of explanation about why you chose that item.
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