4-2 final project part a submission interview preparation

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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101

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Anthropology

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Oct 30, 2023

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4-2 FINAL PROJECT PART A ATH 101 JAMIE RANKIN SNHU SEPTEMBER 23, 2023

I. Defining Anthropology: A. Anthropology is the study of what makes us who we are human. This does take a very broad approach to many different human experience aspects. When we want to understand the complexity of cultures all across the world of human history anthropology will give us the answers. It shows how our biological bodies, genetics, bones, diet, and health on how human groups lived hundreds or thousands of years ago. Also studying how people utilize the study of language and organize social actions in specific social groups. You study the development, origin, and behavior of humans. Northwestern University states, “ Archaeology examines peoples and cultures of the past. Biological anthropology specializes in evolution, genetics, and health. Cultural anthropology studies human societies and elements of cultural life. Linguistic anthropology is a concentration of cultural anthropology that focuses on language in society.” In the community of anthropologists in the United States, these four fields human biology, archaeology, cultural anthropology, and linguistics are understood to be the pillars on which the whole discipline rests (American Anthropological Association, 2023). There is an important ritual that does happen in the culture of anthropology, and it is the theme of death and birth. II. Anthropological Perspective: A. Global cultural crises This can be the society in disagreement with the government that can be based upon the cultural and origin differences. By understanding this it would allow the

possibility of reducing cultural conflicts. Knowing the reason why there was a natural disaster or crisis there could be some issues after the crisis that can help lead to finding the fix to the specific problem. When a cultural crisis does occur, it may be within or without a given society, showing it may affect some or all of its members. By studying many societies with social relationships, we may have fewer conflicts in our own society. We will have light shed upon our relationship functions. Knowledge helps us to tackle any complex questions in a very competent and relevant way. B. Biological crises While looking into the biological crisis we do have the ability to assess economic, social, and political factors in many local contexts. They look at biology using human remains, which would include past diets and any ancient diseases showing prevalence. You would be able to see what past diets were like. Biological crises also have the potential to use chemistry, computer science, physics, and mathematics to help assist with any biological crises. Paleoanthropology is a biological branch of anthropology that explains the evolution of our lineage by using archaeological and paleontological data. Knowledge helps us to tackle any complex questions in a very competent and relevant way. C. Environmental crises How well the developed models for understanding how human interactions draw on the ecosystem and evolutionary ecology. Like studying energy and nutrient

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flows. This would be like understanding humans and our environment throughout our lifetime. Knowledge helps us to tackle any complex questions in a very competent and relevant way. Knowing the challenges of being able to understand and address any human-caused environmental problems is environmental anthropology. Knowing plastic pollution, climate changes, species extinctions, and habitat destruction requires an understanding of economic, political, and complex cultural dealings. Getting a relationship between human language, culture, and biology and the impacts of climate change. III. Historical Perspective i. Margaret Mead found a different pattern of male and female behavior in each of the cultures she studied. All different from gender role expectations in the United States at that time. Library of Congress states, “Margaret Mead found among the Apresh a temperament for both males and females that were gentle responsive, and cooperative. In the 18 th century, Europe focused on the power of reason to advance knowledge and society. ii. A collection of individuals who share a core set of values, patterns of behavior, and beliefs. This can be a small or large group of individuals that are identified by their behaviors and thinking. Historicism is an approach to the study of anthropology and culture. Historicism dates to

the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and has two forms diffusionism and historical particularism. The key concepts of anthropology are society, culture, and evolution. We must look at realist, interpretive, and poststructuralist history. There are things that have historical thinking with the concepts of context, causality changes over time, complexity, and contingency. iii. Many people are products of their familial past by passing down traditions, behaviors, and political views. The key perspectives in anthropology are holism, comparison, relativism, and fieldwork. Historical perspective-taking focuses on the investigation of the people that are situated in the present and past time of the event, period, individual, or issue that is being studied. iv. The new structures show people coming from two-parent houses to a more expression of what it means to be a family. Single parent homes, gay- parent homes, lesbian homes, and two-parent homes. Families can come from any home; many people now are raised by grandparents, aunts, and uncles. When a person does move into a different part of the world, they do take the values that they grew up on as well. A person doesn’t forget how they were raised and how they wanted to be raised. Learning about anthropology does help us to connect with our past, present and future selves all around the world.

References American Anthropological Association. (2023). Learn & Teach. What is Anthropology? https://americananthro.org/learn-teach/what-is-anthropology/#:~:text=Anthropology %20is%20the%20study%20of,the%20humanities%20and%20physical%20sciences American Anthropological Association. (2023). Learn & Teach. What is Anthropology? https://americananthro.org/learn-teach/what-is-anthropology/ Goldschmidt, W. (1977). Anthropology and the Coming Crisis: An Autoethnographic Appraisal. American Anthropologist , 79 (2), 293–308. http://www.jstor.org/stable/673841 Library of Congress. (2023). Exhibitions. Margaret Mead: Human Nature and the Power of Culture. https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/mead/field-sepik.html#:~:text=Mead%20found %20a%20different%20pattern,gentle%2C%20responsive%2C%20and%20cooperative. Northwestern. (2023). Department of Anthropology. Anthropology’s Four Branches. https://anthropology.northwestern.edu/subfields/#:~:text=Archaeology%20examines %20peoples%20and%20cultures%20of%20the%20past.&text=Biological %20anthropology%20specializes%20in%20evolution%2C%20genetics%2C%20and %20health.&text=Cultural%20anthropology%20studies%20human%20societies%20and %20elements%20of%20cultural%20life.&text=Linguistic%20anthropology%20is%20a %20concentration,focuses%20on%20language%20in%20society.

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