Lab #8 (Muscle Locations and Actions)

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Ivy Tech Community College, Indianapolis *

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101

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Anatomy

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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Muscle Locations and Actions (Use for Lab #8) 1. Muscles of the Head: Muscle Location Action(s) Frontalis Forehead Raises eyebrows & wrinkles forehead. Occipitalis Back of skull Raises eyebrows & wrinkles forehead. Buccinator Alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible. Compresses cheeks Masseter Zygomatic Arch Elevates and protracts mandible. Temporalis Temporal Bone Elevates and retracts mandible. Zygomaticus Zygomatic Bone Elevates corner of mouth as when smiling. Platysma Fascia in upper chest Depresses lower lip and angle of mouth as when pouting. Orbicularis oris Muscles near the mouth Closes lips, protrudes lips as for kissing. Orbicularis oculi Maxilla and frontal bone Closes eye as in blinking. Sternocleidomastoid Anterior surface of sternum and supper surface of clavicle. Each laterally flexes neck to the same side, rotates head to the opposite side. Together they pull the head forward and down; also aid in forceful inhalation by elevating sternum and fist ribs. 2. Muscles of the Arms and Shoulder Area: Muscle Location Action(s) Deltoid Acromion process, spine of the scapula, and the clavicle. Lateral portion abducts arm Anterior portion flexes shoulder Posterior portion extends shoulder. Biceps brachii Coracoid process and tubercle above glenoid cavity of scapula. Flexes elbow and supinates forearm and hand. Brachialis Anterior surface of humerus. Flexes elbow Brachioradialis Distal lateral end of humerus. Flexes elbow Triceps brachii Tubercle below glenoid cavity and lateral and posterior surfaces of Extends elbow

humerus. 3. Muscles of the Hips and Buttocks: Muscle Location Action(s) Gluteus maximus Covers buttocks. Straightens leg in hip when walking or running. Raises body from sitting position. Gluteus medius Side of hip, deep to Gluteus Maximus. Abducts & rotates thigh medially. Gluteus minimus Side of hip, deep to Gluteus Medius. Abducts & rotates thigh medially, same as Gluteus Medius. Tensor fasciae latae Runs from anterior Iliac Crest to fascia of thigh, alongside of hip. Abducts, flexes, and rotates thigh medially, tightens fascia of thigh. 4. Muscles of the Anterior Legs: Muscle Location Action(s) Rectus femoris Anterior superior iliac spine and margin of acetabulum. Extends knee, flexes hip. Vastus medialis Medial surface of femur. Extends knee. Vastus lateralis Greater trochanter and posterior surface of femur. Extends knee. Adductor longus Pubic bone near pubic symphysis. Adducts thigh and flexes hip. Sartorius Crosses diagonally over front of thigh, connects Ilium to tibia. Flexes knee and thigh, abducts & rotates thigh laterally. Tibialis anterior Lateral condyle and lateral surface of tibia. Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot. Extensor digitorum longus Lateral condyle of tibia and anterior surface of fibula. Dorsiflexion of foot, extends toes. Fibularis (Peroneus) longus Lateral condyle of tibia and head and shaft of fibula. Plantar flexion and eversion of foot, also supports arch.

5. Muscles of the Posterior Legs: Muscle Location Action(s) Adductor magnus Ischial Tuberosity. Adducts thigh, posterior portion extends and anterior portion flexes hip. Gracilis Lower edge of pubic symphysis. Adducts thigh and flexes knee. Biceps femoris Ischial tuberosity and linea aspera of femur. Flexes knee, rotates leg laterally, and extends hip. Semitendinosus Ischial Tuberosity. Flexes knee, rotates leg medially, and extends hip. Semimembranosus Ischial Tuberosity. Flexes knee, rotates leg medially, and extends hip. Gastrocnemius Lateral and medial condyles of femur. Plantar flexion of foot, flexes knee. Soleus Head and shaft of fibula and posterior surface of tibia. Plantar flextion of foot. 6. Muscles of the Anterior Chest and Abdomen: Muscle Location Action(s) Pectoralis major Clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of upper ribs. Flexes shoulder, adducts, and rotates arm medially. Pectoralis minor Oblique muscle in chest, deep to Pectoralis Major. From ribs to Coracoid process of scapula. Pulls scapula forward & downward, raises ribs when inhaling forcefully. Serratus anterior Sides of chest. Connects outer surface of upper ribs to front of scapula. Pulls scapula forward & downward. Helps thrust shoulder forward when pushing. Rectus abdominis Between the ribs and pubic bone. Move the body between the ribcage and the pelvis.

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Transversus abdominis Between the ribs and pubic bone. Postural Support. External obliques Between the ribs and pubic bone. Movement of the trunk, spine, and core. Internal obliques Between the ribs and pubic bone. Movement of the trunk, spine, and core. External intercostals Between the ribs. Elevate ribs during forced inspiration. Internal intercostals Between the ribs. Elevate ribs during forced inspiration. 7. Muscles of the Back: Muscle Location Action(s) Trapezius Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of seventh cervical and all thoracic vertebrae. Rotates and retracts scapula. Superior portion elevates scapula, Inferior portion depresses scapula. Latissimus dorsi Spines of sacral, lumbar, and lower thoracic vertebrae, iliac crest, and lower ribs. Extends shoulder, adducts, and rotates arm medially, or depresses and retracts shoulder. Infraspinatus Infraspinous fossa of scapula. Rotates arm laterally. Teres major & minor On back of scapula, runs to the humerus. Extend, adduct, and rotate arm. Rhomboideus major & minor Connects upper thoracic vertebrae to scapula. Raises and adducts scapula.

Lab #8 (Muscle Locations and Actions)

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