Post-class Ch.6

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Apr 3, 2024

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4-1 ACCT 2332 Chapter 6 Cost/Volume/Profit Relationships (CVP Analysis) Post-class
5-2 A. $20 B. $6 C. $8 D. $12 What is the Contribution margin per unit? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
5-3 A. $20 B. $2 C. $8 D. $12 If sales increase to 1,001 units, what is the increase in Net operating income? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
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5-4 A. $1,200 B. ($20) C. $800 D. $120 If sales decline to 900 units, what would be the new net operating income? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
5-5 A. $1,200 B. $2,100 C. $3,000 D. $2,400 If sales decline to 900 units, and selling price increases by $2 per unit, what would be the new net operating income? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
5-6 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the CM Ratio for Coffee Klatch? A. 1.319 B. 0.758 C. 0.242 D. 4.139 Concept Check 1
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5-7 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the CM Ratio for Coffee Klatch? A. 1.319 B. 0.758 C. 0.242 D. 4.139 Answer: B Concept Check 1a Unit contribution margin Unit selling price CM Ratio = = ($1.49 - $0.36) $1.49 = $1.13 $1.49 = 0.758
5-8 A. 8% B. 60% C. 25% D. 40% What is the Contribution margin ratio? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
5-9 A. $1,250 B. $4,000 C. $3,000 D. $2,500 If variable cost increases by $1/unit, advertising cost increases by $1,500, and units sales increase by 250, what would be the new net operating income? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
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5-10 A. 8% B. 60% C. 25% D. 40% What is the variable expense ratio? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
5-11 Quick Check Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the break-even sales dollars? a. $1,300 b. $1,715 c. $1,788 d. $3,129 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the break-even sales dollars? a. $1,300 b. $1,715 c. $1,788 d. $3,129
5-12 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the break-even sales dollars? a. $1,300 b. $1,715 c. $1,788 d. $3,129 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the break-even sales dollars? a. $1,300 b. $1,715 c. $1,788 d. $3,129 Quick Check Fixed expenses CM Ratio Break-even sales $1,300 0.758 = $1,715 = =
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5-13 Quick Check Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the break-even sales in units? a. 872 cups b. 3,611 cups c. 1,200 cups d. 1,150 cups Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the break-even sales in units? a. 872 cups b. 3,611 cups c. 1,200 cups d. 1,150 cups
5-14 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the break-even sales in units? a. 872 cups b. 3,611 cups c. 1,200 cups d. 1,150 cups Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the break-even sales in units? a. 872 cups b. 3,611 cups c. 1,200 cups d. 1,150 cups Quick Check Fixed expenses CM per Unit Break-even = $1,300 $1.49/cup - $0.36/cup = $1,300 $1.13/cup = 1,150 cups =
5-15 A. 15,000 B. 3,000 C. 12,000 D. 25,000 What is the breakeven in units?
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5-16 Quick Check Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. Use the formula method to determine how many cups of coffee would have to be sold to attain target profits of $2,500 per month. a. 3,363 cups b. 2,212 cups c. 1,150 cups d. 4,200 cups
5-17 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. Use the formula method to determine how many cups of coffee would have to be sold to attain target profits of $2,500 per month. a. 3,363 cups b. 2,212 cups c. 1,150 cups d. 4,200 cups Quick Check Target profit + Fixed expenses Unit CM Unit sales to attain target profit = 3,363 cups = $3,800 $1.13 $2,500 + $1,300 $1.49 - $0.36 = =
5-18 Quick Check Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. Use the formula method to determine the sales dollars that must be generated to attain target profits of $2,500 per month. a. $2,550 b. $5,013 c. $8,458 d. $10,555
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5-19 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. Use the formula method to determine the sales dollars that must be generated to attain target profits of $2,500 per month. a. $2,550 b. $5,013 c. $8,458 d. $10,555 Quick Check Target profit + Fixed expenses CM ratio Sales $ to attain target profit = $5,013 = $3,800 0.758 $2,500 + $1,300 ($1.49 – 0.36) ÷ $1.49 = =
5-20 A. $27,500 B. $25,000 C. $22,500 How many sales dollars must be earned to achieve a target profit of $5,000? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
5-21 Quick Check Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the margin of safety expressed in cups? a. 3,250 cups b. 950 cups c. 1,150 cups d. 2,100 cups Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the margin of safety expressed in cups? a. 3,250 cups b. 950 cups c. 1,150 cups d. 2,100 cups
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5-22 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the margin of safety expressed in cups? a. 3,250 cups b. 950 cups c. 1,150 cups d. 2,100 cups Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the margin of safety expressed in cups? a. 3,250 cups b. 950 cups c. 1,150 cups d. 2,100 cups Quick Check Margin of safety = Total sales – Break-even sales = 950 cups = 2,100 cups – 1,150 cups
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5-23 A. $2,000 B. $5,000 C. $2,750 What is the margin of safety in sales dollars? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
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5-24 Quick Check Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the operating leverage? a. 2.21 b. 0.45 c. 0.34 d. 2.92 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the operating leverage? a. 2.21 b. 0.45 c. 0.34 d. 2.92
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5-25 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the operating leverage? a. 2.21 b. 0.45 c. 0.34 d. 2.92 Coffee Klatch is an espresso stand in a downtown office building. The average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49 and the average variable expense per cup is $0.36. The average fixed expense per month is $1,300. An average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. What is the operating leverage? a. 2.21 b. 0.45 c. 0.34 d. 2.92 Quick Check Contribution margin Net operating income Operating leverage = $2,373 $1,073 = = 2.21 Actual sales 2,100 cups Sales 3,129 $ Less: Variable expenses 756 Contribution margin 2,373 Less: Fixed expenses 1,300 Net operating income 1,073 $
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5-26 Quick Check At Coffee Klatch the average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49, the average variable expense per cup is $0.36, the average fixed expense per month is $1,300, and an average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. If sales increase by 20%, by how much should net operating income increase? a. 30.0% b. 20.0% c. 22.1% d. 44.2% At Coffee Klatch the average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49, the average variable expense per cup is $0.36, the average fixed expense per month is $1,300, and an average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. If sales increase by 20%, by how much should net operating income increase? a. 30.0% b. 20.0% c. 22.1% d. 44.2%
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5-27 At Coffee Klatch the average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49, the average variable expense per cup is $0.36, the average fixed expense per month is $1,300, and an average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. If sales increase by 20%, by how much should net operating income increase? a. 30.0% b. 20.0% c. 22.1% d. 44.2% At Coffee Klatch the average selling price of a cup of coffee is $1.49, the average variable expense per cup is $0.36, the average fixed expense per month is $1,300, and an average of 2,100 cups are sold each month. If sales increase by 20%, by how much should net operating income increase? a. 30.0% b. 20.0% c. 22.1% d. 44.2% Quick Check Percent increase in sales 20.0% × Degree of operating leverage 2.21 Percent increase in profit 44.20%
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5-28 A. 1.66 B. 1.33 C. 4.00 D. 0.25 What is the degree of operating leverage? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
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5-29 A. 5% B. 6.7% C. 10% D. 20% Using the degree of operating leverage, what would be the estimated percent increase in net operating income for a 5% increase in sales? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
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5-30 Exercise 6-18 1. What is monthly break-even in unit sales and dollar sales? 2. What is the total contribution margin at the breakeven point? 3. How many units would have to be sold to earn a target profit of $90,000? 4. What is the margin of safety in sales dollars? In unit sales? In percent terms? 5. What is the CM ratio? 6. If sales increase by $50,000 per month, and there is no change in fixed expenses, by how much would you expect net operating income per month to increase?
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4-31 Exercise 6-18 1. Profit = Unit CM × Q − Fixed expenses $0 = ($30 − $12) × Q − $216,000 $0 = ($18) × Q − $216,000 $18Q = $216,000 Q = $216,000 ÷ $18 Q = 12,000 units, or at $30 per unit, $360,000 Alternative solution: Fixed expenses Unit sales = to break even Unit contribution margin $216,000 = = 12,000 units $18 or at $30 per unit, $360,000 2. The contribution margin is $216,000 because the contribution margin is equal to the fixed expenses at the break-even point.
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4-32 Exercise 6-18 3. The unit sales to attain the target profit is computed as follows: Target profit + Fixed expenses Units sold to attain = target profit Unit contribution margin $90,000 + $216,000 = $18 = 17,000 units Proof: Total Unit Sales (17,000 units × $30 per unit) ....... $510,000 $30 Variable expenses (17,000 units × $12 per unit) ............. 204,000 12 Contribution margin .............................. 306,000 $18 Fixed expenses .................................... 216,000 Net operating income ........................... $ 90,000
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4-33 Exercise 6-18 4. Margin of safety in dollar terms: Margin of safety = Total sales - Break-even sales in dollars = $450,000 - $360,000 = $90,000 Margin of safety in percentage terms: Margin of safety in dollars Margin of safety = percentage Total sales $90,000 = = 20% $450,000 5. The CM ratio is 60% [= ($30 – $12) ÷ $30]. 6. Expected total contribution margin: ($500,000 × 60%) .. $300,000 Present total contribution margin: ($450,000 × 60%) ..... 270,000 Increased contribution margin ....................................... $ 30,000 Alternative solution: $50,000 incremental sales × 60% CM ratio = $30,000 Given that the company’s fixed expenses will not change, monthly net operating income will also increase by $30,000.
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5-34 A. $450,000 B. $90,000 C. $360,000 D. $750,000 What is the breakeven in sales dollars?
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5-35 A. 750 B. 250 C. 1,375 D. 278 How many units must be sold to achieve a target profit of $5,000? The company based this contribution format income statement on production and sales of 1,000 units. The relevant range is from 500 to 1,500 units.
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