Module 1 Critical Thinking Option #1 Part B - FINAL
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Option #1-Cost of Goods Manufactured & Cost of Goods Sold
Jenny Betz
Colorado State University Global
ACT460-Cost Analysis and Automation
Dr. Timothy Creel
09/17/23
1
2
Cost of Goods Manufactured Statement
Developing a Cost of Goods Manufactured (COGM) statement is a critical process for manufacturing firms as it helps in tracking and understanding the costs associated with producing goods (Blocher et al., 2022). Below are the steps an accountant would typically go through to develop a COGM statement, along with a mock COGM statement:
COGM Statement
Step 1: Calculate Direct Materials Used
- Direct Materials at the Beginning of the Period
- Information Source: Beginning inventory records
- This is added to.
+ Purchases of Direct Materials
- Information Source: Purchasing records
- This is added to.
- Direct Materials at the End of the Period
- Information Source: Ending inventory records
- This is subtracted from.
= Direct Materials Used
- This is a subtotal.
Step 2: Calculate Direct Labor
+ Direct Labor Costs
- Information Source: Payroll records
- This is added to.
Step 3: Calculate Manufacturing Overhead
+ Indirect Materials
- Information Source: Purchasing records
- This is added to.
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+ Indirect Labor
- Information Source: Payroll records
- This is added to.
+ Other Overhead Costs
- Information Source: Overhead expense records
- This is added to.
= Total Manufacturing Overhead
- This is a subtotal.
Step 4: Calculate Total Manufacturing Costs
= Direct Materials Used (from Step 1)
+ Direct Labor (from Step 2)
+ Total Manufacturing Overhead (from Step 3)
= Total Manufacturing Costs
- This is a subtotal.
Step 5: Calculate Cost of Goods Manufactured
- Work-in-Progress Inventory at the Beginning of the Period
- Information Source: Beginning inventory records
- This is subtracted from.
+ Total Manufacturing Costs (from Step 4)
- Work-in-Progress Inventory at the End of the Period
- Information Source: Ending inventory records
- This is added to.
= Cost of Goods Manufactured
- This is the final subtotal.
COGM Importance
The COGM statement is crucial for several reasons: it helps management understand and control production costs by providing a detailed breakdown of all manufacturing expenses. It
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determines the cost of goods manufactured, which is needed for valuing the ending inventory and calculating the cost of goods sold. The COGM statement is essential for preparing the income statement, as it provides the cost of goods manufactured, a key component in calculating the cost of goods sold (Blocher et al., 2022).
Link to the Income Statement
The COGM statement directly links to the income statement through the cost of goods sold (COGS). The cost of Goods Manufactured (from COGM) flows to the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) on the Income Statement.
Conclusion
So, the "Cost of Goods Manufactured" on the COGM statement is subtracted from the beginning inventory of finished goods, added to the total manufacturing costs, and then the ending inventory of finished goods is subtracted. The resulting figure is the cost of goods sold, which the income statement reports as an expense. The income statement's net income is subsequently calculated after subtracting all other expenses from revenue. Therefore, the COGM statement is a crucial intermediate step in determining a manufacturing firm's profitability.
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References
Blocher, E., Stout, D., Juras, P., & Smith, S. (2022).
Cost management: A strategic emphasis
(9th ed.). McGraw Hill. ISBN: 9781259917028Weisman, S. (2020, August 12). The history of Ponzi schemes goes deeper than you think
. Time. https://time.com/5877434/first-ponzi-scheme/
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