Solutions for INTRODUCTORY STATISTICS (LOOSELEAF)
Problem 1SE:
Choose one of the answers given. The null hypothesis is always a statement about a (sample...Problem 2SE:
Choose one of the answers in each case. In statistical inference, measurements are made on a ...Problem 3SE:
Vegetarians (Example 1) In 2016 a Harris poll estimated that 3.3 of American adults are vegetarian....Problem 4SE:
Embedded Tutors A college chemistry instructor thinks the use of embedded tutors (tutors who work...Problem 5SE:
Teen Drivers According to a 2015 University of Michigan poll, 71.5 of high school seniors in the...Problem 6SE:
Water A friend is tested to see whether he can tell bottled water from tap water. There are 30...Problem 8SE:
Law School Grad Employment The National Association for Law Placement estimated that 86.7 of law...Problem 9SE:
Soda Orders (Example 2) A manager at a casual dining restaurant noted that 15 of customers ordered...Problem 10SE:
Mixed Nuts The label on a can of mixed nuts says that the mixture contains 40 peanuts. After opening...Problem 11SE:
Flu Vaccine (Example 3) An immunologist is testing the hypothesis that the current flu vaccine is...Problem 12SE:
Law School Grad Employment An economist is testing the hypothesis that the employment rate for law...Problem 14SE:
Hybrid Car Sales According to Green Car Reports, 4.4 of cars sold in California in 2017 were hybrid...Problem 15SE:
Vegetarians (Example 4) In 2016 the Harris poll estimated that 3.3 of American adults are...Problem 16SE:
Embedded Tutors A college chemistry instructor thinks the use of embedded tutors will improve the...Problem 17SE:
Coke versus Pepsi (Example 5) Suppose you are testing someone to see whether she or he can tell Coke...Problem 18SE:
St. Louis Jury Pool St. Louis County is 24 African American. Suppose you are looking at jury pools,...Problem 19SE:
Vegetarians (Example 6) In problem 8.15 the nutritionist was interested in knowing if the rate of...Problem 20SE:
Embedded Tutors In problem 8.16, a college chemistry instructor thinks the use of embedded tutors...Problem 21SE:
Hospital Readmission A hospital readmission is an episode when a patient who has been discharged...Problem 22SE:
Guessing A 20-question multiple choice quiz has five choices for each question. Suppose that a...Problem 23SE:
Dreaming (Example 7) A 2003 study of dreaming published in the journal Perceptual and Motor Skills...Problem 24SE:
Age Discrimination About 30 of the population in Silicon Valley, a region in California, are between...Problem 25SE:
Self-Driving Cars (Example 8) In a Northeastern University/Gallup poll of 461 young Americans aged...Problem 26SE:
Diabetes According to a Gallup poll, 11.55 of American adults have diabetes. Suppose a researcher...Problem 27SE:
Coke versus Pepsi A taste test is done to see whether a person can tell Coke from Pepsi. In each...Problem 28SE:
Seat Belts Suppose we are testing people to see whether the rate of use of seat belts has changed...Problem 29SE:
Working Out (Example 9) According to a 2018 survey by Timex reported in Shape magazine, 73 of...Problem 30SE:
Vacations According to a 2017 AAA survey, 35 of Americans planned to take a family vacation (a...Problem 31SE:
Working Out (Example 10) According to a 2018 survey by Timex reported in Shape magazine, 73 of...Problem 32SE:
Vacations According to a 2017 AAA survey, 35 of Americans planned to take a family vacation (a...Problem 33SE:
p-Values For each graph, indicate whether the shaded area could represent a p-value. Explain why or...Problem 34SE:
p-Values For each graph, state whether the shaded area could represent a p-value. Explain why or why...Problem 35SE:
News on Facebook A 2018 Gallup poll of 3635 randomly selected Facebook users found that 2472 get...Problem 36SE:
Olympic Viewing A 2018 Gallup poll of 2228 randomly selected U.S. adults found that 39 planned to...Problem 37SE:
Global Warming Historically (from about 2001 to 2014), 57 of Americans believed that global warming...Problem 38SE:
Plane Crashes According to one source, 50 of plane crashes are due at least in part to pilot error...Problem 39SE:
Mercury in Freshwater Fish Some experts believe that 20 of all freshwater fish in the United States...Problem 40SE:
Twitter Suppose a poll is taken that shows 220 out of 400 randomly selected Twitter users feel that...Problem 41SE:
Morse’s Proportion of ts Samuel Morse determined that the percentage of ts in the English language...Problem 42SE:
Morse’s Proportion of as Samuel Morse determined that the percentage of as in the English language...Problem 43SE:
p-Values (Example 11) A researcher carried out a hypothesis test using a two-sided alternative...Problem 44SE:
Coin Flips A test is conducted in which a coin is flipped 30 times to test whether the coin is...Problem 45SE:
Young Voters (Example 12) According to the Brookings Institution, 50 of eligible 18-to 29-year-old...Problem 46SE:
Errors with Toast Suppose you are testing someone to see whether he or she can tell butter from...Problem 47SE:
Blackstone on Errors in Trials Sir William Blackstone 1723-1780 wrote influential books on common...Problem 48SE:
Alpha By establishing a small value for the significance level, are we guarding against the first...Problem 49SE:
Superpower (Example 13) What superpower do Americans want most? In past years, 10 of Americans chose...Problem 50SE:
Flaws The null hypothesis on true/false tests is that the student is guessing, and the proportion of...Problem 51SE:
Which Method? A proponent of a new proposition on a ballot wants to know whether the proposition is...Problem 52SE:
Which Method? A proponent of a new proposition on a ballot wants to know the population percentage...Problem 53SE:
Effectiveness of Financial Incentives A psychologist is interested in testing whether offering...Problem 54SE:
Is it acceptable practice to look at your research results, note the direction of the difference,...Problem 55SE:
If we reject the null hypothesis, can we claim to have proved that the null hypothesis is false? Why...Problem 56SE:
If we do not reject the null hypothesis, is it valid to say that we accept the null hypothesis? Why...Problem 57SE:
When a person stands trial for murder, the jury is instructed to assume that the defendant is...Problem 58SE:
When, in a criminal court, a defendant is found “not guilty,” is the court saying with certainty...Problem 59SE:
Arthritis A magazine advertisement claims that wearing a magnetized bracelet will reduce arthritis...Problem 60SE:
No-Carb Diet A weight-loss diet claims that it causes weight loss by eliminating carbohydrates...Problem 61SE:
When comparing two sample proportions with a two-sided alternative hypothesis, all other factors...Problem 62SE:
When comparing two sample proportions with a two-sided alternative hypothesis, all other factors...Problem 63SE:
Treatment for HIV-1 In a 2018 study reported in The Lancet, Molina et al. reported on a study for...Problem 64SE:
Smoking Cessation in HIV Patients In a 2018 study reported in The Lancet, Mercie et al. investigated...Problem 65SE:
Reading (Example 14) The researchers in a Pew study interviewed two random samples, one in 2015 and...Problem 66SE:
Audio Books Pew Research published survey results from two random samples. Both samples were asked,...Problem 67SE:
Freedom of the Press A Gallup poll asked college students in 2016 and again in 2017 whether they...Problem 68SE:
Freedom of Religion A Gallup poll asked college students in 2016 and again in 2017 whether they...Problem 69SE:
Environmental Quality (Example 15) A Gallup poll asked a random samples of Americans in 2016 and...Problem 70SE:
Caregiving Responsibilities In 2017 the Pew Research Center conducted a survey on family-leave...Problem 72CRE:
Choosing a Test and Naming the Population(s) For each of the following, state whether a...Problem 73CRE:
Choosing a Test and Giving the Hypotheses Give the null and alternative hypotheses for each test,...Problem 74CRE:
Choosing a Test and Naming the Population(s) In each case, choose whether the appropriate test is a...Problem 75CRE:
Water Taste Test A student who claims that he can tell tap water from bottled water is blindly...Problem 76CRE:
Butter Taste Test A student is tested to determine whether she can tell butter from margarine. She...Problem 77CRE:
Biased Coin? A study is done to see whether a coin is biased. The alternative hypothesis used is...Problem 78CRE:
Biased Coin? A study is done to see whether a coin is biased. The alternative hypothesis used is...Problem 79CRE:
ESP A researcher studying extrasensory perception (ESP) tests 300 students. Each student is asked to...Problem 80CRE:
Coin Flips Suppose you tested 50 coins by flipping each of them many times. For each coin, you...Problem 81CRE:
Student Age A community college used enrollment records of all students and reported that that the...Problem 82CRE:
Taste Test A student was tested to see if he could tell the difference between two different brands...Problem 83CRE:
Facebook Pew Research conducts polls on social media use. In 2012, 66 of those surveyed reported...Problem 84CRE:
Television In the Pew Research social media survey, television viewers were asked if it would be...Problem 85CRE:
Presidential Election Pew Research reported that in the 2016 presidential election, 53 of all male...Problem 86CRE:
Educational Attainment According to a 2016 report by the Census Bureau, 60.1 of women and 57.6 of...Problem 87CRE:
Self-Employment According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 10.1 of Americans are self-employed. A...Problem 88CRE:
Student Loans According to a 2016 report from the Institute for College Access and Success 66 of all...Problem 89CRE:
Gun Control A Quinnipiac poll conducted on February 20, 2018, found that 824 people out of 1249...Problem 90CRE:
Gay Marriage A Gallup poll conducted in 2017 found that 648 out of 1011 people surveyed supported...Problem 91CRE:
Three-Strikes Law California’s controversial “three-strikes law” requires judges to sentence anyone...Problem 94CRE:
Cloning Dolly the Sheep, the world’s first mammal to be cloned, was introduced to the public in...Problem 95CRE:
A friend claims he can predict the suit of a card drawn from a standard deck of 52 cards. There are...Problem 96CRE:
A friend claims he can predict how a six-sided die will land. The parameter, p, is the long-run...Problem 97CRE:
Votes for Independents Judging on the basis of experience, a politician claims that 50 of voters in...Problem 98CRE:
Votes for Independents Refer to Exercise 8.97. Suppose 14 out of 20 voters in Pennsylvania report...Problem 99CRE:
Texting While Driving The mother of a teenager has heard a claim that 25 of teenagers who drive and...Problem 100CRE:
True/False Test A teacher giving a true/false test wants to make sure her students do better than...Problem 101CRE:
ESP Suppose a friend says he can predict whether a coin flip will result in heads or tails. You test...Problem 102CRE:
ESP Again Suppose a friend says he can predict whether a coin flip will result in heads or tails....Problem 103CRE:
Does Hand Washing Save Lives? In the mid-1800s, Dr. Ignaz Semmelweiss decided to make doctors wash...Problem 104CRE:
Opioid Crisis Suppose you wanted to test the claim that the majority of U.S. voters are satisfied...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Introduction To DataChapter 2 - Picturing Variation With GraphsChapter 3 - Numerical Summaries Of Center And VariationChapter 4 - Regression Analysis: Exploring Associations Between VariablesChapter 5 - Modeling Variation With ProbabilityChapter 6 - Modeling Random Events: The Normal And Binomial ModelsChapter 7 - Survey Sampling And InferenceChapter 8 - Hypothesis Testing For Population ProportionsChapter 9 - Inferring Population MeansChapter 10 - Associations Between Categorical Variables
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