Living By Chemistry: First Edition Textbook
Living By Chemistry: First Edition Textbook
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781559539418
Author: Angelica Stacy
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter U6, Problem SII3RE
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The equilibrium constant reaction must be written for the dissociation of HF(aq) to H + (aq) and F-(aq).

Concept introduction:

Acid dissociation constant (Ka) is small for weak acid. It is the ratio of concentration of products to reactants.

For a weak acid HA, Ka can be written as

Ka=[H + ][A-][HA], where [H + ], [A-] and [HA] are concentrations of proton, counter anion and the acid respectively.

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem SII3RE

Equilibrium constant reaction is given below.

Ka=[H + ][F-][HF]. where [H + ], [F-] and [HF] are concentrations of proton, fluoride anion and the acid respectively.

Explanation of Solution

Weak acid HF undergoes dissociation in aqueous solution to produce H + , F-. Thus the equilibrium constant reaction is given as the ratio of products to reactant.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

At equilibrium [H + ] is greater than, les than or equal to [F-] must be explained.

Concept introduction:

HF dissociates in aqueous solution to produce equal number of H + and F - ions.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem SII3RE

Concentration of H + will be equal to concentration of F-.

[H + ]=[F-]

Explanation of Solution

HF(aq)H + (aq) + F-(aq).

Thus from the dissociation equilibrium of HF it is clear that concentration of H + will be equal to concentration of F-.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

At equilibrium [H + ] is greater than, les than or equal to [HF] must be explained.

Concept introduction:

HF is weak acid and so it dissociates in aqueous solution partially to produce equal number of H + and F - ions.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem SII3RE

Concentration of H + will be less than concentration of HF.

[H + ]<[HF]

Explanation of Solution

HF (aq) H + (aq) + F - (aq).

Thus from the dissociation equilibrium of HF it is clear that the equilibrium is more towards reactant side. Thus HF dissociates partially to produce very less number of H + ions.

Thus concentration of H + will be less than the concentration of HF.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The direction the shift in the equilibrium needs to be explained if more H + is added.

Concept introduction:

As per Le Chatelier’s principle if any product species is added then the equilibrium is shifted to reactant side.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem SII3RE

If more H + is added the equilibrium would shift to reactant side that is HF side.

Explanation of Solution

HF(aq) H + (aq) + F - (aq).

Thus from the dissociation equilibrium of HF it is clear that the equilibrium is more towards reactant side. Thus HF dissociates partially to produce very less number of H + ions. Now if more H + is added concentration of H + in aqueous solution will increase. To keep the Ka constant more HF will be produced. Thus the equilibrium would shift to left side or HF side.

Thus concentration of H + will be less than the concentration of HF.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

Whether [HF] increase, decrease or stay the same as the system proceeded back to equilibrium must be explained.

Concept introduction:

As per La Chatelier’s principle if any product species is added then the equilibrium is shifted to reactant side.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem SII3RE

[HF] would increase as the system proceeded back to equilibrium.

Explanation of Solution

HF(aq) H + (aq) + F - (aq).

Thus from the dissociation equilibrium of HF it is clear that the equilibrium is more towards reactant side. Thus HF dissociates partially to produce very less number of H + ions. Now if more H + is added concentration of H + in aqueous solution will increase. So an increase in equilibrium constant (Ka) is expected. It is not possible as equilibrium constant only changes when temperature is changed. To keep the Ka constant more HF will be produced. Thus the equilibrium would shift to left side or HF side such that the ratio of concentration of products ( H + and F - ions) to concentration of HF remains the same.

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