EBK THE COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780135161760
Author: Voit
Publisher: VST
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Chapter S1, Problem 38EAP
Opposite Rotation. Suppose Earth rotated in a direction opposite to its orbital direction; that is, suppose it rotated clockwise (as seen from above the North Pole) but orbited counterclockwise. Would the solar day still be longer than the sidereal day? Explain.
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Why is a sidereal day shorter than a solar day?
O A. precession of Earth's axis
B. the non-circular orbit of Earth around the Sun
C. the tilt of Earth's axis
D. the combined effect of the rotation of Earth and its orbit about the Sun
E. Earth year being a non-integer number of Earth days
7. Suppose you are on a strange planet and observe, at night, that the stars do not rise and set, but circle parallel
to the horizon. Next, you walk in a constant direction for 8000 miles, and at your new location on the planet,
you find that all stars rise straight up in the east and set straight down in the west, perpendicular to the horizon.
How could you determine the circumference of the planet without any further observations? What is the
circumference, in miles, of the planet? [OER Chapter 2, Figuring for Yourself #43]
BACKGROUND
An ingenious solution to the Earth's circumference occured in 230 BC. Eratosthenes, a Greek
geographer, mathematician, music theorist, poet, astronomer, and philosopher, was reading in the
Library of Alexandria when he noticed an account for a deep well near Syene (now Aswan),
some distance to the south (800 km) in which at high noon on the longest day of the year the
bottom of the well was fully illuminated by the Sun. Eratosthenes exclaimed "Ah-ah!" (or
something like that), "I can solve for the circumference of the Earth!". In his mind's eye,
Eratosthenes could see that at Syene, at the moment when the bottom of the well was fully lit, the
Sun must have been at the Zenith (directly overhead). Yet he knew that at the same moment in
Alexandria vertical objects (like a tower, pole) cast shadows.
Here is the experiment perfomed by Eratosthenes (see the picture below).
• He erected a vertical pole at Alexandria (A) and measured the angle of its shadow at the
moment when the…
Chapter S1 Solutions
EBK THE COSMIC PERSPECTIVE
Ch. S1 - Prob. 1VSCCh. S1 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. S1 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. S1 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. S1 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. S1 - Prob. 6VSCCh. S1 - Prob. 7VSCCh. S1 - Explain the differences between a (a) sidereal day...Ch. S1 - Prob. 2EAPCh. S1 - Prob. 3EAP
Ch. S1 - Prob. 4EAPCh. S1 - Prob. 5EAPCh. S1 - Prob. 6EAPCh. S1 - What are declination and right ascension? How are...Ch. S1 - 8. How and why do the Sun’s celestial coordinates...Ch. S1 - 9. Suppose you ire at the North Pole. Where is the...Ch. S1 - 10. Describe the Sun’s path through the local sky...Ch. S1 - 11. What is special about the tropics of Cancer...Ch. S1 - 2. Briefly describe how you can use the Sun or...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Choose the best answer to each of the following...Ch. S1 - Transits and the Geocentric Universe. Ancient...Ch. S1 - Geometry and Science. As discussed in Mathematical...Ch. S1 - Northern Chauvinism. Why is the writing on maps...Ch. S1 - Group Activity: Find Your Way Home. You and your...Ch. S1 - Opposite Rotation. Suppose Earth rotated in a...Ch. S1 - Prob. 39EAPCh. S1 - The Sun from Mars. Mars has an axis tilt of 25.2°,...Ch. S1 - Fundamentals of Your Local Sky. Answer each of the...Ch. S1 - Prob. 42EAPCh. S1 - Prob. 43EAPCh. S1 - Prob. 44EAPCh. S1 - Prob. 46EAPCh. S1 - Lost at Sea I. During a vacation, you decide to...Ch. S1 - Prob. 48EAPCh. S1 - Prob. 49EAPCh. S1 - Lost at Sea IV. Repeat Problem 47 for this...Ch. S1 - Orbital and Synodic Periods. Use each object’s...Ch. S1 - Prob. 52EAPCh. S1 - HA=LST-RA It is 4 p.m. on the March equinox. What...Ch. S1 - Meridian Crossings of the Moon and Phobos....Ch. S1 - Mercury’s Rotation Period. Mercury’s sidereal day...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- If Earth did not rotate, could you still define the ecliptic? Why or why not?arrow_forwardOn a globe or world map, find the nearest marked latitude line to your location. Is this an example of a great circle? Explain.arrow_forwardOn the day of the vernal equinox, the day length for all places on Earth is actually slightly longer than 12 hours. Explain why.arrow_forward
- It takes 23 hours 56 minutes and 4 seconds for the earth to make one revolution (mean sidereal day). What is the angular speed of the earth? Submit Answer Tries 0/12 Assume the earth is spherical. Relative to someone on the rotation axis, what is the linear speed of an object on the surface if the radius vector from the center of the earth to the object makes an angle of 61.0° with the axis of rotation. The radius of the earth is 6.37×103 km. Submit Answer Tries 0/12 What is the acceleration of the object on the surface of the earth in the previous problem? Submit Answer Tries 0/12arrow_forward9arrow_forwardH3. A total lunar eclipse is observed on December 31. Predict the next lunar eclipse. A total lunar eclipse will occur when the full moon and the nominal orbit of the moon line up together (The solution of two equations). From the following data algebraic equation for the phase of the moon and nominal orbit of the moon can be formed. A new moon (0%) was observed on December 17 and the full moon (10%) was observed on December 31 along with the nominal orbit of the moon (0%). The brimming orbit of the moon (100%) was observed on November 29. When the two equations are equal a lunar eclipse will occur. How many days from December 31 will next lunar eclipse occur? Given the coming year is a leap year - on what dates will the next 4 total lunar eclipses occur? Show the algebraic solution, any information you use.arrow_forward
- Suppose the Moon rotated on its axis just as quickly as Earth. Would we still always see the same side of the Moon from Earth? Explain.arrow_forwardThe location on the celestial sphere which represents the path of the Sun followed in the sky is known as the a.equator. b.meridian. c.ecliptic. d.latitude. e.longitude. If I observe a specific phase of the Moon on January 1, 2022, when should I expect to observe the exact same phase? a.On January 28, 2022 at 8pm. b.On January 27, 2022 at 8pm. c.On January 29, 2022 at noon d.On January 30, 2022 at noon. e.The day after. A physical blackbody is a.an object that does not absorb any radiation. b.a body the emits only non-visible light. c.an idealization of an object that absorbs all radiation falling upon it. d.an object with a huge gravitational force. e.any hot object whose overall colour is black.arrow_forwardWhich statement describes the sun's position relative to planetary orbits? A. The sun is at the center of each planet's circular orbit. B. The sun is midway between the foci of each planet's elliptical orbit. C. The sun is one focus of each planet's elliptical orbit. D. The sun alternates between the two foci of planetary orbits.arrow_forward
- If the Moon is in the waning gibbous phase tonight, approximately how long will it be until the Moon is in the waning crescent phase? A. a month B. one week C. one day O D. three weeks E. two weeksarrow_forwardEach year, the radius of the moon’s orbit increases by about 3.8 cm. How does this change affect the length of a month?A. A month gets longer.B. A month gets shorter.C. The length of a month stays the same.arrow_forwardIllustrate 1. The relation between sidereal time, right ascension and hour angle of any point at a given instant2. The relation between sidereal and mean time at any instantarrow_forward
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