(a) Interpretation: The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned. Concept introduction: In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing the functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal “ane”, “ene”, or “yne” ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in an alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter E, Problem E.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing the functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal “ane”, “ene”, or “yne” ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in an alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. If the highest priority group is present twice, then there is no need to remove ‘e’ from ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and prefixes are used to denote the number of identical functional groups. Prefixes are used to denote the number of identical substituents. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

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For each of the substituted benzene molecules below, determine the inductive and resonance effects the substituent will have on the benzene ring, as well as the overall electron-density of the ring compared to unsubstituted benzene. Molecule Inductive Effects Resonance Effects Overall Electron-Density × NO2 ○ donating O donating O withdrawing O withdrawing O electron-rich electron-deficient no inductive effects O no resonance effects O similar to benzene E [ CI O donating withdrawing O no inductive effects Explanation Check ○ donating withdrawing no resonance effects electron-rich electron-deficient O similar to benzene © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Acces

Understanding how substituents activate Rank each of the following substituted benzene molecules in order of which will react fastest (1) to slowest (4) by electrophilic aromatic substitution. Explanation HN NH2 Check X (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) (Choose one) © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center A

Answer 2

Question

Chapter E, Problem E.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing the functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal “ane”, “ene”, or “yne” ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in an alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. If the highest priority group is present twice, then there is no need to remove ‘e’ from ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and prefixes are used to denote the number of identical functional groups. Prefixes are used to denote the number of identical substituents. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter E, Problem E.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing the functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal “ane”, “ene”, or “yne” ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in an alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. If the highest priority group is present twice, then there is no need to remove ‘e’ from ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and prefixes are used to denote the number of identical functional groups. Prefixes are used to denote the number of identical substituents. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter E, Problem E.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing the functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal “ane”, “ene”, or “yne” ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in an alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. If the highest priority group is present twice, then there is no need to remove ‘e’ from ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and prefixes are used to denote the number of identical functional groups. Prefixes are used to denote the number of identical substituents. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

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Answer 5

Chapter E, Problem E.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing the functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal “ane”, “ene”, or “yne” ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in an alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. If the highest priority group is present twice, then there is no need to remove ‘e’ from ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and prefixes are used to denote the number of identical functional groups. Prefixes are used to denote the number of identical substituents. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Answer 6

Chapter E, Problem E.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing the functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal “ane”, “ene”, or “yne” ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in an alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Answer 7

Chapter E, Problem E.44P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing the functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal “ane”, “ene”, or “yne” ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in an alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. Number the carbon chain in a way the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. Prefixes are used to denote number of identical substituents. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. If the highest priority group is present twice, then there is no need to remove ‘e’ from ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and prefixes are used to denote the number of identical functional groups. Prefixes are used to denote the number of identical substituents. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given compound is to be assigned.

Concept introduction:

In naming organic compounds, the functional groups other than highest priority functional groups are treated as substituents. The root name is established by identifying the longest carbon chain or a ring containing functional group. Remove the “e” from the normal ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and add the suffix that corresponds to the highest-priority functional group. If the highest priority group is present twice, then there is no need to remove ‘e’ from ‘ane’, ‘ene’, or ‘yne’ ending and prefixes are used to denote the number of identical functional groups. Prefixes are used to denote the number of identical substituents. Number the carbon chain in a way that the functional group and the substituents attached get the lowest number. The position of functional group and substituents on parent chain or ring is indicated by the respective locant number just before the suffix. The substituents are written in alphabetical order when writing the IUPAC name.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. E - Prob. E.1P Ch. E - Prob. E.2P Ch. E - Prob. E.3P Ch. E - Prob. E.4P Ch. E - Prob. E.5P Ch. E - Prob. E.6P Ch. E - Prob. E.7P Ch. E - Prob. E.8P Ch. E - Prob. E.9P Ch. E - Prob. E.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the IUPAC name for the given compound, which is 4-hydroxy-3-nitro-6-oxoheptanal.

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