Chapter E, Problem E.18P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure is to be drawn, and the correct IUPAC name for the given trivial name is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols consist of an alkyl group attached to a hydroxyl group, $OH$ group, many trivial names of alcohols are derived by identifying the specific alkyl group present and adding the separate word – alcohol. Alcohols are often classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. In a primary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a primary carbon atom. In a secondary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a secondary carbon atom.

In a tertiary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom.

IUPAC name for the given structure is determined by first identifying the longest continuous carbon chain or the largest ring containing the functional group. The chain is then numbered so as to assign the lowest possible locator numbers to the carbon atoms that contain the functional group. The suffix is replaced by ol while writing the name.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure is to be drawn, and the correct IUPAC name for the given trivial name is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols consist of an alkyl group attached to a hydroxyl group, $OH$ group, many trivial names of alcohols are derived by identifying the specific alkyl group present and adding the separate word – alcohol. Alcohols are often classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. In a primary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a primary carbon atom. In a secondary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a secondary carbon atom.

In a tertiary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom.

iso is a trivial name for the alkyl group, and its structure is

IUPAC name for the given structure is determined by first identifying the longest continuous carbon chain or the largest ring containing the functional group. The chain is then numbered so that to assign the lowest possible locator numbers to the carbon atoms that contain the functional group. The suffix is replaced by ol while writing the name.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure is to be drawn, and the correct IUPAC name for the given trivial name is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols consist of an alkyl group attached to a hydroxyl group, $OH$ group, many trivial names of alcohols are derived by identifying the specific alkyl group present and adding the separate word – alcohol. Alcohols are often classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. In a primary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a primary carbon atom. In a secondary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a secondary carbon atom.

In a tertiary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom.

IUPAC name for the given structure is determined by first identifying the longest continuous carbon chain or the largest ring containing the functional group. The chain is then numbered so as to assign the lowest possible locator numbers to the carbon atoms that contain the functional group. The suffix is replaced by ol while writing the name.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The structure is to be drawn, and the correct IUPAC name for the given trivial name is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols consist of an alkyl group attached to a hydroxyl group, $OH$ group, many trivial names of alcohols are derived by identifying the specific alkyl group present and adding the separate word – alcohol. Alcohols are often classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. In a primary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a primary carbon atom. In a secondary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a secondary carbon atom.

In a tertiary alcohol, the $OH$ group is attached to a tertiary carbon atom. The prefixes used such as sec, tert stand for secondary and tertiary carbon atoms and reflect the type of carbon atom at the point of attachment.

IUPAC name for the given structure is determined by first identifying the longest continuous carbon chain or the largest ring containing the functional group. The chain is then numbered so as to assign the lowest possible locator numbers to the carbon atoms that contain the functional group. The suffix is replaced by ol while writing the name.