Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology (12th Edition) (What's New in Microbiology)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605203
Author: Ted R. Johnson, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter B, Problem 4P
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The serial dilution in the given samples.
Introduction:
The stepwise dilution of a solution is termed as a serial dilution. Generally, the dilution factor at each stage of serial dilution is constant and leads to geometric progression in a logarithmic manner of the concentration of the sample. Serial dilutions are used to dilute the given substance at a very high level and serial dilutions are also used in the formation of concentration curves.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
In a natural population of outbreeding plants, the variance of the total number
of seeds per plant is 16. From the natural population, 20 plants are taken into
the laboratory and developed into separate true-breeding lines by self-
fertilization-with selection for high, low, or medium number of seeds-for 10
generations. The average variance in the tenth generation in each of the 20 sets
is about equal and averages 5.8 across all the sets. Estimate the broad-sense
heritability for seed number in this population. (4 pts)
12pt v
Paragraph
BIUA V
V
T² v
B
①
O words
In a natural population of outbreeding plants, the variance of the total number
of seeds per plant is 16. From the natural population, 20 plants are taken into
the laboratory and developed into separate true-breeding lines by self-
fertilization-with selection for high, low, or medium number of seeds-for 10
generations. The average variance in the tenth generation in each of the 20 sets
is about equal and averages 5.8 across all the sets. Estimate the broad-sense
heritability for seed number in this population. (4 pts)
12pt v
Paragraph
BI
DI
T² v
✓
B°
Question 1
In a population of Jackalopes (pictured below), horn length will vary between
0.5 and 2 feet, with the mean length somewhere around 1.05 feet. You pick
Jackalopes that have horn lengths around 1.75 feet to breed as this appears to
be the optimal length for battling other Jackalopes for food. After a round of
breeding, you measure the offsprings' mean horn length is 1.67. What is the
heritability of horns length (h2)? Is Jackalope horn length a heritable trait? (4
pts)?
12pt v
Paragraph
BIU A
✓
Chapter B Solutions
Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology (12th Edition) (What's New in Microbiology)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Frequency of allele A1 Question 2 The graph below shows results of two simulations, both depicting the rise in frequency of beneficial allele in a population of infinite size. The selection coefficient and the starting frequency are the same, but in one simulation the beneficial allele is dominant and in the other it is recessive. Neither allele is fixed by 500 generations. 1.0 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 2 0.2 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 Generation (a) Which simulation shows results for a dominant and which shows results for a recessive allele? How can you tell? (4 pts) (b) Neither of the alleles reaches fixation by 500 generations. If given enough time, will both of these alleles reach fixation in the population? Why or why not? (3 pts) 12pt Paragraph BIU AT2v Varrow_forwardQuestion 14 The relative fitnesses of three genotypes are WA/A= 1.0, WA/a = 0.7, and Wa/a = 0.3. If the population starts at the allele frequency p = 0.5, what is the value of p in the next generation? (3 pts) 12pt v V Paragraph B I U D V T² v V V p O words <arrow_forwardAccording to a recent study, 1 out of 50,000 people will be diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis can be caused by a mutant form of the CFTR gene (dominant gene symbol is F and mutant is f). A. Using the rate of incidence above, what is the frequency of carriers of the cystic fibrosis allele for CFTR in the US? (3 pts) B. In a clinical study, 400 people from the population mentioned in (A.) were genotyped for BRCA1 Listed below are the results. Are these results in Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium? Use Chi Square to show whether or not they are. (3 pts) BRCA1 genotype # of women 390 BB Bb bb 10 0 12pt Paragraph L BIUAV V T² v Varrow_forward
- Outline a method for using apomixis to maintain feminized CannabisAssume apomixis is controlled by a single dominant gene. You can choose the type of apomixis: obligate or facultative, gametophytic or sporophytic. Discuss advantages and disadvantages of your proposed method.arrow_forwardKinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption 1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration. Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable) (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip (f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpoarrow_forward3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug: (a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate) (b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax). (c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax). (d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.) (e)…arrow_forward
- List substitutions in your diet you could make to improve it based on what you know now about a balanced diet. For instance, if you like to drink soda, you might substitute skim milk or water for some of the soft drinks you consumed. List the item you wish to replace with the new item and what you hope to accomplish with that substitution. Be sure to choose foods you know that you'd enjoy and you consider more "healthful." If you feel your diet is already balanced, describe how you accomplish your balanced intake and when you began eating this way.arrow_forwardWhich single food item contained you ate for the 3 days with the most sodium?arrow_forwardSelect a diet and choose one site that provides credible information. Explain why the source itself and/or the information on the site is credible. This should be a report. This site should be different from U.S News and World Report. For full credit, you must include the following information and elaborate in detail: The diet name The main components of the diet The credible website name and link What makes the credible website credible?arrow_forward
- Select a diet and give a summary of the main components. Do a web search of the diet and choose one link that provides misinformation. Explain why the site itself and/or the information on the site is not credible. This should be a report. This site should be different from U.S News and World Report. For full credit, you must include the following information and elaborate in detail: The diet name The main components of the diet The misinformation website and link What misinformation is being provided in the other website and how did you determine it was not credible?arrow_forward1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine: (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate. SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.arrow_forward2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0 Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles Of Radiographic Imaging: An Art And A ...Health & NutritionISBN:9781337711067Author:Richard R. Carlton, Arlene M. Adler, Vesna BalacPublisher:Cengage LearningEssentials of Pharmacology for Health ProfessionsNursingISBN:9781305441620Author:WOODROWPublisher:Cengage
Principles Of Radiographic Imaging: An Art And A ...
Health & Nutrition
ISBN:9781337711067
Author:Richard R. Carlton, Arlene M. Adler, Vesna Balac
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Essentials of Pharmacology for Health Professions
Nursing
ISBN:9781305441620
Author:WOODROW
Publisher:Cengage