Calculus: Early Transcendentals (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321947345
Author: William L. Briggs, Lyle Cochran, Bernard Gillett
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9.4, Problem 2E
Explain the method presented in this section for approximating
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Calculus: Early Transcendentals (2nd Edition)
Ch. 9.1 - Suppose you use a second-order Taylor polynomial...Ch. 9.1 - Does the accuracy of an approximation given by a...Ch. 9.1 - The first three Taylor polynomials for f(x)=1+x...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.1 - How is the remainder Rn(x) in a Taylor polynomial...Ch. 9.1 - Explain how to estimate the remainder in an...Ch. 9.1 - Linear and quadratic approximation a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Linear and quadratic approximation a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Linear and quadratic approximation a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Linear and quadratic approximation a. Find the...
Ch. 9.1 - Linear and quadratic approximation a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Linear and quadratic approximation a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Linear and quadratic approximation a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Linear and quadratic approximation a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Taylor polynomials a. Find the nth-order Taylor...Ch. 9.1 - Taylor polynomials a. Find the nth-order Taylor...Ch. 9.1 - Taylor polynomials a. Find the nth-order Taylor...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a. Use the...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 24ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a. Use the...Ch. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a. Use the...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 9.1 - Taylor polynomials centered at a 0 a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Taylor polynomials centered at a 0 a. Find the...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 31ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 32ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 33ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 36ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 37ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 38ECh. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a....Ch. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a....Ch. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a....Ch. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a....Ch. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a....Ch. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a....Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 45ECh. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a....Ch. 9.1 - Approximations with Taylor polynomials a....Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 48ECh. 9.1 - Remainders Find the remainder Rn for the nth-order...Ch. 9.1 - Remainders Find the remainder Rn for the nth-order...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 51ECh. 9.1 - Remainders Find the remainder Rn for the nth-order...Ch. 9.1 - Remainders Find the remainder Rn for the nth-order...Ch. 9.1 - Remainders Find the remainder Rn for the nth-order...Ch. 9.1 - Estimating errors Use the remainder to find a...Ch. 9.1 - Estimating errors Use the remainder to find a...Ch. 9.1 - Estimating errors Use the remainder to find a...Ch. 9.1 - Estimating errors Use the remainder to find a...Ch. 9.1 - Estimating errors Use the remainder to find a...Ch. 9.1 - Estimating errors Use the remainder to find a...Ch. 9.1 - Error bounds Use the remainder to find a bound on...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 62ECh. 9.1 - Error bounds Use the remainder to find a bound on...Ch. 9.1 - Error bounds Use the remainder to find a bound on...Ch. 9.1 - Error bounds Use the remainder to find a bound on...Ch. 9.1 - Error bounds Use the remainder to find a bound on...Ch. 9.1 - Number of terms What is the minimum order of the...Ch. 9.1 - Number of terms What is the minimum order of the...Ch. 9.1 - Number of terms What is the minimum order of the...Ch. 9.1 - Number of terms What is the minimum order of the...Ch. 9.1 - Number of terms What is the minimum order of the...Ch. 9.1 - Number of terms What is the minimum order of the...Ch. 9.1 - Explain why or why not Determine whether the...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 74ECh. 9.1 - Matching functions with polynomials Match...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 76ECh. 9.1 - Small argument approximations Consider the...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 78ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 79ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 80ECh. 9.1 - Small argument approximations Consider the...Ch. 9.1 - Small argument approximations Consider the...Ch. 9.1 - Small argument approximations Consider the...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 84ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 85ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 86ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 87ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 88ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 89ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 90ECh. 9.1 - Best expansion point Suppose you wish to...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 92ECh. 9.1 - Tangent line is p1 Let f be differentiable at x =...Ch. 9.1 - Local extreme points and inflection points Suppose...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 95ECh. 9.1 - Approximating In x Let f(x) = ln x and let pn and...Ch. 9.1 - Approximating square roots Let p1 and q1 be the...Ch. 9.1 - A different kind of approximation When...Ch. 9.2 - Write the first four terms of a power series with...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.2 - What tests are used to determine the radius of...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.2 - Do the interval and radius of convergence of a...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Interval and radius of convergence Determine the...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the geometric series...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the geometric series...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the geometric series...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the geometric series...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the geometric series...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the geometric series...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the power series...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the power series...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the power series...Ch. 9.2 - Combining power series Use the power series...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 40ECh. 9.2 - Differentiating and integrating power series Find...Ch. 9.2 - Differentiating and integrating power series Find...Ch. 9.2 - Differentiating and integrating power series Find...Ch. 9.2 - Differentiating and integrating power series Find...Ch. 9.2 - Differentiating and integrating power series Find...Ch. 9.2 - Differentiating and integrating power series Find...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 9.2 - Functions to power series Find power series...Ch. 9.2 - Functions to power series Find power series...Ch. 9.2 - Functions to power series Find power series...Ch. 9.2 - Functions to power series Find power series...Ch. 9.2 - Functions to power series Find power series...Ch. 9.2 - Explain why or why not Determine whether the...Ch. 9.2 - Radius of convergence Find the radius of...Ch. 9.2 - Radius of convergence Find the radius of...Ch. 9.2 - Summation notation Write the following power...Ch. 9.2 - Summation notation Write the following power...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 58ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 59ECh. 9.2 - Scaling power series If the power series...Ch. 9.2 - Shifting power series If the power series...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 62ECh. 9.2 - Series to functions Find the function represented...Ch. 9.2 - Series to functions Find the function represented...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 65ECh. 9.2 - Series to functions Find the function represented...Ch. 9.2 - Series to functions Find the function represented...Ch. 9.2 - A useful substitution Replace x with x 1 in the...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 69ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 70ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 71ECh. 9.2 - Exponential function In Section 9.3, we show that...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 73ECh. 9.2 - Remainders Let f(x)=k=0xk=11xandSn(x)=k=0n1xk. The...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 75ECh. 9.2 - Inverse sine Given the power series...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 77ECh. 9.3 - How are the Taylor polynomials for a function f...Ch. 9.3 - What conditions must be satisfied by a function f...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.3 - For what values of p does the Taylor series for...Ch. 9.3 - In terms of the remainder, what does it mean for a...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.3 - Maclaurin series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Taylor series centered at a 0 a. Find the first...Ch. 9.3 - Taylor series centered at a 0 a. Find the first...Ch. 9.3 - Taylor series centered at a 0 a. Find the first...Ch. 9.3 - Taylor series centered at a 0 a. Find the first...Ch. 9.3 - Taylor series centered at a 0 a. Find the first...Ch. 9.3 - Taylor series centered at a 0 a. Find the first...Ch. 9.3 - Taylor series centered at a 0 a. Find the first...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 32ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 9.3 - Binomial series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Binomial series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 9.3 - Binomial series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Binomial series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Binomial series a. Find the first four nonzero...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 47ECh. 9.3 - Working with binomial series Use properties of...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 49ECh. 9.3 - Working with binomial series Use properties of...Ch. 9.3 - Working with binomial series Use properties of...Ch. 9.3 - Working with binomial series Use properties of...Ch. 9.3 - Working with binomial series Use properties of...Ch. 9.3 - Working with binomial series Use properties of...Ch. 9.3 - Working with binomial series Use properties of...Ch. 9.3 - Working with binomial series Use properties of...Ch. 9.3 - Remainders Find the remainder in the Taylor series...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 58ECh. 9.3 - Remainders Find the remainder in the Taylor series...Ch. 9.3 - Remainders Find the remainder in the Taylor series...Ch. 9.3 - Explain why or why not Determine whether the...Ch. 9.3 - Any method a. Use any analytical method to find...Ch. 9.3 - Any method a. Use any analytical method to find...Ch. 9.3 - Any method a. Use any analytical method to find...Ch. 9.3 - Any method a. Use any analytical method to find...Ch. 9.3 - Any method a. Use any analytical method to find...Ch. 9.3 - Any method a. Use any analytical method to find...Ch. 9.3 - Any method a. Use any analytical method to find...Ch. 9.3 - Any method a. Use any analytical method to find...Ch. 9.3 - Approximating powers Compute the coefficients for...Ch. 9.3 - Approximating powers Compute the coefficients for...Ch. 9.3 - Approximating powers Compute the coefficients for...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 73ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 74ECh. 9.3 - Integer coefficients Show that the first five...Ch. 9.3 - Choosing a good center Suppose you want to...Ch. 9.3 - Alternative means By comparing the first four...Ch. 9.3 - Alternative means By comparing the first four...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 79ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 80ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 81ECh. 9.3 - Composition of series Use composition of series to...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 83ECh. 9.3 - Approximations Choose a Taylor series and center...Ch. 9.3 - Approximations Choose a Taylor series and center...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 86ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 87ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 88ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 89ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 90ECh. 9.4 - Explain the strategy presented in this section for...Ch. 9.4 - Explain the method presented in this section for...Ch. 9.4 - How would you approximate e0.6 using the Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.4 - What condition must be met by a function f for it...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Limits Evaluate the following limits using Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Power series for derivatives a. Differentiate the...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.4 - Power series for derivatives a. Differentiate the...Ch. 9.4 - Power series for derivatives a. Differentiate the...Ch. 9.4 - Power series for derivatives a. Differentiate the...Ch. 9.4 - Power series for derivatives a. Differentiate the...Ch. 9.4 - Power series for derivatives a. Differentiate the...Ch. 9.4 - Power series for derivatives a. Differentiate the...Ch. 9.4 - Differential equations a. Find a power series for...Ch. 9.4 - Differential equations a. Find a power series for...Ch. 9.4 - Differential equations a. Find a power series for...Ch. 9.4 - Differential equations a. Find a power series for...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating definite integrals Use a Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating definite integrals Use a Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating definite integrals Use a Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating definite integrals Use a Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating definite integrals Use a Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating definite integrals Use a Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating definite integrals Use a Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating definite integrals Use a Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate...Ch. 9.4 - Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate...Ch. 9.4 - Evaluating an infinite series Let f(x) = (ex ...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 52ECh. 9.4 - Evaluating an infinite series Write the Taylor...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 54ECh. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Representing functions by power series Identify...Ch. 9.4 - Explain why or why not Determine whether the...Ch. 9.4 - Limits with a parameter Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9.4 - Limits with a parameter Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9.4 - Limits with a parameter Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9.4 - A limit by Taylor series Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 70ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 71ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 72ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 73ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 74ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 75ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 76ECh. 9.4 - Elliptic integrals The period of a pendulum is...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 78ECh. 9.4 - Fresnel integrals The theory of optics gives rise...Ch. 9.4 - Error function An essential function in statistics...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 81ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 82ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 83ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 84ECh. 9.4 - Prob. 85ECh. 9 - Explain why or why not Determine whether the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2RECh. 9 - Prob. 3RECh. 9 - Prob. 4RECh. 9 - Prob. 5RECh. 9 - Prob. 6RECh. 9 - Prob. 7RECh. 9 - Prob. 8RECh. 9 - Prob. 9RECh. 9 - Prob. 10RECh. 9 - Prob. 11RECh. 9 - Prob. 12RECh. 9 - Approximations a. Find the Taylor polynomials of...Ch. 9 - Estimating remainders Find the remainder term...Ch. 9 - Estimating remainders Find the remainder term...Ch. 9 - Estimating remainders Find the remainder term...Ch. 9 - Prob. 17RECh. 9 - Prob. 18RECh. 9 - Prob. 19RECh. 9 - Prob. 20RECh. 9 - Prob. 21RECh. 9 - Prob. 22RECh. 9 - Prob. 23RECh. 9 - Prob. 24RECh. 9 - Power series from the geometric series Use the...Ch. 9 - Power series from the geometric series Use the...Ch. 9 - Power series from the geometric series Use the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 28RECh. 9 - Prob. 29RECh. 9 - Power series from the geometric series Use the...Ch. 9 - Taylor series Write out the first three nonzero...Ch. 9 - Prob. 32RECh. 9 - Taylor series Write out the first three nonzero...Ch. 9 - Taylor series Write out the first three nonzero...Ch. 9 - Taylor series Write out the first three nonzero...Ch. 9 - Taylor series Write out the first three nonzero...Ch. 9 - Prob. 37RECh. 9 - Prob. 38RECh. 9 - Prob. 39RECh. 9 - Prob. 40RECh. 9 - Binomial series Write out the first three terms of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 42RECh. 9 - Prob. 43RECh. 9 - Prob. 44RECh. 9 - Convergence Write the remainder term Rn(x) for the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 46RECh. 9 - Limits by power series Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9 - Limits by power series Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9 - Limits by power series Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9 - Limits by power series Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9 - Limits by power series Use Taylor series to...Ch. 9 - Prob. 52RECh. 9 - Definite integrals by power series Use a Taylor...Ch. 9 - Prob. 54RECh. 9 - Definite integrals by power series Use a Taylor...Ch. 9 - Prob. 56RECh. 9 - Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 58RECh. 9 - Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 60RECh. 9 - Prob. 61RECh. 9 - Prob. 62RECh. 9 - Prob. 63RECh. 9 - Graphing Taylor polynomials Consider the function...
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- Total marks 15 Total marks on paper: 80 6. Let DCR2 be a bounded domain with the boundary ǝD which can be represented as a smooth closed curve : [a, b] → R², oriented in the anticlockwise direction. (i) Use Green's Theorem to justify that the area of the domain D can be computed by the formula 1 Area(D) = . [5 Marks] (ii) Use the area formula in (i) to find the area of the domain D enclosed by the ellipse (t) = (5 cos(t), 10 sin(t)), t = [0,2π]. [5 Marks] (iii) Explain in your own words why Green's Theorem can not be applied to the vector field У x F(x,y) = ( - x² + y²²x² + y² ). [5 Marks]arrow_forwardTotal marks 15 པ་ (i) Sketch the trace of the following curve on R2, (t) = (t2 cos(t), t² sin(t)), t = [0,2π]. [3 Marks] (ii) Find the length of this curve. (iii) [7 Marks] Give a parametric representation of a curve : [0, that has initial point (1,0), final point (0, 1) and the length √2. → R² [5 Marks] Turn over. MA-201: Page 4 of 5arrow_forwardTotal marks 15 5. (i) Let f R2 R be defined by f(x1, x2) = x² - 4x1x2 + 2x3. Find all local minima of f on R². (ii) [10 Marks] Give an example of a function f: R2 R which is not bounded above and has exactly one critical point, which is a minimum. Justify briefly your answer. [5 Marks] 6. (i) Sketch the trace of the following curve on R2, y(t) = (sin(t), 3 sin(t)), t = [0,π]. [3 Marks]arrow_forward
- A ladder 25 feet long is leaning against the wall of a building. Initially, the foot of the ladder is 7 feet from the wall. The foot of the ladder begins to slide at a rate of 2 ft/sec, causing the top of the ladder to slide down the wall. The location of the foot of the ladder, its x coordinate, at time t seconds is given by x(t)=7+2t. wall y(1) 25 ft. ladder x(1) ground (a) Find the formula for the location of the top of the ladder, the y coordinate, as a function of time t. The formula for y(t)= √ 25² - (7+2t)² (b) The domain of t values for y(t) ranges from 0 (c) Calculate the average velocity of the top of the ladder on each of these time intervals (correct to three decimal places): . (Put your cursor in the box, click and a palette will come up to help you enter your symbolic answer.) time interval ave velocity [0,2] -0.766 [6,8] -3.225 time interval ave velocity -1.224 -9.798 [2,4] [8,9] (d) Find a time interval [a,9] so that the average velocity of the top of the ladder on this…arrow_forwardTotal marks 15 3. (i) Let FRN Rm be a mapping and x = RN is a given point. Which of the following statements are true? Construct counterex- amples for any that are false. (a) If F is continuous at x then F is differentiable at x. (b) If F is differentiable at x then F is continuous at x. If F is differentiable at x then F has all 1st order partial (c) derivatives at x. (d) If all 1st order partial derivatives of F exist and are con- tinuous on RN then F is differentiable at x. [5 Marks] (ii) Let mappings F= (F1, F2) R³ → R² and G=(G1, G2) R² → R² : be defined by F₁ (x1, x2, x3) = x1 + x², G1(1, 2) = 31, F2(x1, x2, x3) = x² + x3, G2(1, 2)=sin(1+ y2). By using the chain rule, calculate the Jacobian matrix of the mapping GoF R3 R², i.e., JGoF(x1, x2, x3). What is JGOF(0, 0, 0)? (iii) [7 Marks] Give reasons why the mapping Go F is differentiable at (0, 0, 0) R³ and determine the derivative matrix D(GF)(0, 0, 0). [3 Marks]arrow_forward5. (i) Let f R2 R be defined by f(x1, x2) = x² - 4x1x2 + 2x3. Find all local minima of f on R². (ii) [10 Marks] Give an example of a function f: R2 R which is not bounded above and has exactly one critical point, which is a minimum. Justify briefly Total marks 15 your answer. [5 Marks]arrow_forward
- Total marks 15 4. : Let f R2 R be defined by f(x1, x2) = 2x²- 8x1x2+4x+2. Find all local minima of f on R². [10 Marks] (ii) Give an example of a function f R2 R which is neither bounded below nor bounded above, and has no critical point. Justify briefly your answer. [5 Marks]arrow_forward4. Let F RNR be a mapping. (i) x ЄRN ? (ii) : What does it mean to say that F is differentiable at a point [1 Mark] In Theorem 5.4 in the Lecture Notes we proved that if F is differentiable at a point x E RN then F is continuous at x. Proof. Let (n) CRN be a sequence such that xn → x ЄERN as n → ∞. We want to show that F(xn) F(x), which means F is continuous at x. Denote hnxn - x, so that ||hn|| 0. Thus we find ||F(xn) − F(x)|| = ||F(x + hn) − F(x)|| * ||DF (x)hn + R(hn) || (**) ||DF(x)hn||+||R(hn)||| → 0, because the linear mapping DF(x) is continuous and for all large nЄ N, (***) ||R(hn) || ||R(hn) || ≤ → 0. ||hn|| (a) Explain in details why ||hn|| → 0. [3 Marks] (b) Explain the steps labelled (*), (**), (***). [6 Marks]arrow_forward4. In Theorem 5.4 in the Lecture Notes we proved that if F: RN → Rm is differentiable at x = RN then F is continuous at x. Proof. Let (xn) CRN be a sequence such that x → x Є RN as n → ∞. We want F(x), which means F is continuous at x. to show that F(xn) Denote hn xnx, so that ||hn||| 0. Thus we find ||F (xn) − F(x) || (*) ||F(x + hn) − F(x)|| = ||DF(x)hn + R(hn)|| (**) ||DF(x)hn|| + ||R(hn) || → 0, because the linear mapping DF(x) is continuous and for all large n = N, |||R(hn) || ≤ (***) ||R(hn)|| ||hn|| → 0. Explain the steps labelled (*), (**), (***) [6 Marks] (ii) Give an example of a function F: RR such that F is contin- Total marks 10 uous at x=0 but F is not differentiable at at x = 0. [4 Marks]arrow_forward
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