For Exercises 2 through 12, perform each of these steps. Assume that all variables are normally or approximately
a. State the hypotheses and identify the claim.
b. Find the critical value(s).
c. Compute the test value.
d. Make the decision.
e. Summarize the results.
Use the traditional method of hypothesis testing unless otherwise specified.
11. Reducing Errors in Spelling A ninth-grade teacher wishes to see if a new spelling program will reduce the spelling errors in his students’ writing. The number of spelling errors made by the students in a five-page report before the program is shown. Then the number of spelling errors made by students in a five-page report after the program is shown. At α = 0.05, did the program work?
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ELEMENTARY STATISTICS: STEP BY STEP- ALE
- What is an experiment? Give two examples.arrow_forwardPlease answer number 4, a-e. Thanksarrow_forwardDetermine the first step of hypothesis testing, and explain the procedure and logic of this step. Choose the correct answer below. A. The first step is to determine the level of significance at which to conduct the hypothesis test. The conventional levels of significance used are 5% and 1%, which are described as the 0.05 significance level and the 0.01 significance level, respectively. When a sample score is so extreme that researchers reject the null hypothesis, the result is said to be statistically significant. B. The first step is to restate the question as a research hypothesis and a null hypothesis about the populations. Since researchers are interested in the results in terms of the population, it is useful to restate the research question in terms of populations. The research hypothesis represents the research question being asked. C. The first step is to determine the characteristics of the comparison distribution. The overall logic of hypothesis…arrow_forward
- Briefly describe what each of the variables n, x, s, o, and u represent in hypothesis tests of a claim made about a population mean. Describe what the variable n represents. Choose the correct answer below. OA. The variable n represents the sample size. OB. The variable n represents the sample mean. OC. The variable n represents the claimed population mean. OD. The variable n represents the claimed population size.arrow_forwardb and carrow_forwardConsider a question one could have come across in college, career, or personal life. Describe and apply the five steps below. Five Step Process for Hypothesis Testing: Step 1: State the hypothesis to be tested. Step 2: Specify the decision rule. Step 3: Collect data and calculate necessary statistics to test the hypothesis. Step 4: Make a decision. Step 5: Take action based on the decision. An example: Step 1: State the hypothesis to be tested. Ho: I will go to class today, Ha: I will not go to class today. Step 2: Specify the decision rule. If there is a "high" probability of rain, I will not go to class. If P(rain) ≤0.70, I will go to class (Fail to Reject Ho). Step 3: Collect data and calculate necessary statistics to test the hypothesis. Watch the Weather Channel, check local news, check iphone app to collect data. Statistics for today: Weather Channel: P(rain)=0.50 Local News: P(rain)=0.40 iphone app: P(rain)=0.65 Step 4: Make a decision. All of the statistics…arrow_forward
- S Identify the type I error and the type II error for a hypothesis test of the indicated claim. The percentage of adults who retire at age 65 is less than 62%. Identify the type I error. Choose the correct answer below. OA. Reject the null hypothesis that the percentage of adults who retire at age 65 is less than 62% when it is actually true. OB. Fail to reject the null hypothesis that the percentage of adults who retire at age 65 is greater than or equal to 62% when it is actually false. OC. Fail to reject the null hypothesis that the percentage of adults who retire at age 65 is less than 62% when it is actually false. OD. Reject the null hypothesis that the percentage of adults who retire at age 65 is greater than or equal to 62% when it is actually true. Get more help - 4 Q Search P Pearson 3 right © 2023 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Permissions | Contact Us | S Clear all Check ansarrow_forwardPlease answer number 3 from a-e. Thanks!arrow_forwardWhat I Can Do Directions: Cite five (5) situations in your community where you can apply hypothesis testing. Then, just choose one situation and: 1. create a problem statement; 2. formulate the null and alternative hypothesis; 3. select the level of significance and sketch the rejection region; and 4. state the possible Type I and Type II errors.arrow_forward
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