General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780073511245
Author: Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9.10, Problem 9.38P
What is the pH of a buffer that contains
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A buffer is made using 100.0 mL of 0.100 M CH3 CH2 COOH (propanoic acid) and 100.0 mL of 0.100 M NACH3 CH2 COO (sodium
propanoate).
A) Explain in your own words what will occur (at the molecular level) when an nitric acid is added to the buffer? What would be the
effect on the pH?
B) Explain in your own words what will occur when LIOH is added tot he buffer? What would be the effect on the [H+]?
31. (a) Calculate the pH of a mixture containing 0.1 M propanoic acid (CH3CH₂COOH) and
0.050 M sodium propanoate (CH3CH₂COONa)
(b) Determine the change in pH that occurs when 0.15 mol solid NaOH is added to 1.00
litre of the buffered solution.
32. (a) Calculate the pH of a buffer solution produced by adding 3.28 g of sodium ethanoate
to 1 dm3 of 0.01 M of ethanoic acid (Ka = 1.84x 10-5 at 300K)
(b) calculate the pH of this buffer if 10 cm3 of 0.1 M HCl are now added
(a) Calculate the pH of the 0.30 M NH3 / 0.35 M NH4Cl buffer.
What is the pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.030 mol HCl?
note: Ka (NH4+) = 5.6 x 10 -10
NH3 (aq) + H+ (aq) → NH4+ (aq)
(b) What are the hydronium [H3O+] and hydroxide [OH-] ion concentrations at 25°C in a 4.0 M aqueous Mg(OH)2.
Chapter 9 Solutions
General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry
Ch. 9.1 - Name each acid: (a)HF;(b)HNO3;(c)HCN.Ch. 9.1 - If the polyatomic anion C1O2- is called chlorite,...Ch. 9.1 - Which of the following species can be...Ch. 9.1 - Which of the following species can be...Ch. 9.1 - Classify each reactant as a Brønsted-Lowry acid or...Ch. 9.2 - Determine the conjugate acid of each species:...Ch. 9.2 - Determine the conjugate base of each species:...Ch. 9.2 - Draw the structure of the conjugate base of each...Ch. 9.2 - Label the acid and the base and the conjugate acid...Ch. 9.2 - Ammonia, NH3, is amphoteric. Draw the conjugate...
Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 9.11PCh. 9.3 - Diagrams represent three acids (HA) dissolved in...Ch. 9.3 - Label the stronger acid in each pair. Which acid...Ch. 9.3 - Are the reactants or products favored at...Ch. 9.3 - If lactic acid is similar in strength to acetic...Ch. 9.4 - Rank the acids in each group in order of...Ch. 9.4 - Use the acid dissociation constants in Table 9.3...Ch. 9.4 - Consider the weak acids, HCN and H2CO3. Which acid...Ch. 9.5 - Calculate the value of [OH-] from the given [H3O+]...Ch. 9.5 - Calculate the value of [H3O+] from the given [OH-]...Ch. 9.5 - Calculate the value of [H3O+] and [H3O-] in each...Ch. 9.6 - Convert each H3O+ concentration to a pH value. a....Ch. 9.6 - What H3O+ concentration corresponds to each pH...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 9.24PCh. 9.6 - Convert each H3O+ concentration to a pH value....Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 9.26PCh. 9.7 - Write a balanced equation for each acid-base...Ch. 9.7 - Prob. 9.28PCh. 9.7 - The acid in acid rain is generally sulfuric acid...Ch. 9.7 - Write a balanced equation for the reaction of...Ch. 9.8 - Determine whether each salt forms an acidic,...Ch. 9.8 - Which of the following salts forms an aqueous...Ch. 9.9 - What is the molarity of an HCI solution if 25.5 mL...Ch. 9.9 - How many milliliters of 2.0MNaOH are needed to...Ch. 9.10 - Determine whether a solution containing each of...Ch. 9.10 - Consider a buffer prepared from the weak acid HCO3...Ch. 9.10 - Calculate the pH of a dihydrogen...Ch. 9.10 - What is the pH of a buffer that contains...Ch. 9 - Which of the following species can be...Ch. 9 - Which of the following species can be...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.41PCh. 9 - Which of the following species can be...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.43PCh. 9 - Draw the conjugate acid of each base. a. Br- b....Ch. 9 - Draw the conjugate base of each acid. HNO2 NH4+...Ch. 9 - Draw the conjugate base of each acid. H3O+ H2Se...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.47PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.48PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.49PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.50PCh. 9 - Label the conjugate acid-base pairs in each...Ch. 9 - Label the conjugate acid-base pairs in each...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.53PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.54PCh. 9 - Fill in the missing product in each acid-base...Ch. 9 - Fill in the missing product in each acid-base...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.57PCh. 9 - Write the equation for the acid-base reaction that...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.59PCh. 9 - Which diagram represents what happens when HCN...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.61PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.62PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.63PCh. 9 - Use the data in and 9.2 and 9.3 to label the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.65PCh. 9 - Which acid, A or B, is stronger in each part? a. B...Ch. 9 - Fill in the missing terms (strong or weak) and...Ch. 9 - Fill in the missing terms (strong or weak) and...Ch. 9 - For each pair of acids: [1] Label the stronger...Ch. 9 - For each pair of acids: [1] Label the stronger...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.71PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.72PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.73PCh. 9 - Label the acid in the reactants and the conjugate...Ch. 9 - Calculate the value of [OH-] from the given and...Ch. 9 - Calculate the value of [OH-] from the given [H3O+]...Ch. 9 - Calculate the value of [OH-] from the given [HO-]...Ch. 9 - Calculate the value of [H3O+] from the given [OH-]...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.79PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.80PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.81PCh. 9 - Complete the following table with the needed...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.83PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.84PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.85PCh. 9 - If pancreaticfluids have a pH of 8.2, calculate...Ch. 9 - Calculate the concentrations of H3O+ and OH in the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.88PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.89PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.90PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.91PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.92PCh. 9 - Write a balanced equation for each reaction. a....Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.94PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.95PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.96PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.97PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.98PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.99PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.100PCh. 9 - Whatisthe molarityofanaceticacid (CH3COOH)...Ch. 9 - What is the molarity of an H2SO4 solution if 18.5...Ch. 9 - How many milliliters of 1.0MNaOH solution are...Ch. 9 - How many milliliters of 2.0MNaOH solution are...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.105PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.106PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.107PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.108PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.109PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.110PCh. 9 - Using the Ka values in Table9.6, calculate the pH...Ch. 9 - Using the Ka values in Table9.6, calculate the pH...Ch. 9 - Calculate the pH of an acetic acid/acetate buffer...Ch. 9 - Calculate the pH of a bicarbonate/carbonate buffer...Ch. 9 - Why is the pH of unpolluted rainwater lower than...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.116PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.117PCh. 9 - A sample of rainwater has a pH of 4.18. Calculate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.119PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.120PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.121PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.122PCh. 9 - Prob. 9.123CPCh. 9 - Prob. 9.124CP
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- A buffer solution is prepared by dissolving 1.50 g each of benzoic acid, C6H5CO2H, and sodium benzoate, NaC6H5CO2, in 150.0 mL of solution. (a) What is the pH of this buffer solution? (b) Which buffer component must be added, and in what quantity, to change the pH to 4.00? (c) What quantity of 2.0 M NaOH or 2.0 M HCl must be added to the buffer to change the pH to 4.00?arrow_forwardA buffer solution is prepared from 5.15 g NH4NO3 and 0.10 L of 0.15-M NH3; calculate the pH of the solution.arrow_forwardWrite the net ionic equation in which the slightly soluble salt barium fluoride, BaF2, dissolves in dilute hydrochloric acid.arrow_forward
- A solution is prepared by dissolving 0.350 g of benzoic acid, HC7H5O2, in water to make 100.0 mL of solution. A 30.00-mL sample of the solution is titrated with 0.272 M KOH. Calculate the pH of the solution (a) before titration. (b) halfway to the equivalence point. (c) at the equivalence point.arrow_forwardA buffer solution with it pH of 12.00 consists of Na3PO4 and Na2HPO4. The volume of solution is 200.0 mL. (a) Which component of the buffer is present in a larger amount? (b) If the concentration of Na3PO4 is 0.400 M, what mass of Na2HPO4 is present? (c) Which component of the buffer must be added to change the pH to 12.25? What mass of that component is required?arrow_forwardWhat is the pH of a solution that consists of 0.20 M ammonia, NH3, and 0.20 M ammonium chloride, NH4Cl?arrow_forward
- Ka for formic acid is 1.7 104 at 25C. A buffer is made by mixing 529 mL of 0.465 M formic acid, HCHO2, and 494 mL of 0.524 M sodium formate, NaCHO2. Calculate the pH of this solution at 25C after 110 mL of 0.152 M HCl has been added to this buffer.arrow_forwardDoes the pH of the solution increase, decrease, or stay the same when you (a) Add solid sodium oxalate, Na2C2O4, to 50.0 mL of 0.015-M oxalic acid? (b) Add solid ammonium chloride to 100. mL of 0.016-M HCl? (c) Add 20.0 g NaCl to 1.0 L of 0.012-M sodium acetate, NaCH3COO?arrow_forwardAniline hydrochloride, (C6H5NH3)Cl, is a weak acid. (Its conjugate base is the weak base aniline, C6H5NH2.) The acid can be titrated with a strong base such as NaOH. C6H5NH3+(aq)+OH(aq)C6H5NH2(aq)+H2O(l) Assume 50.0 mL of 0.100 M aniline hydrochloride is titrated with 0.185 M NaOH. (Ka for aniline hydrochloride is 2.4 105.) (a) What is the pH of the (C6H5NH3) solution before the titration begins? (b) What is the pH at the equivalence point? (c) What is the pH at the halfway point of the titration? (d) Which indicator in Figure 17.11 could be used to detect the equivalence point? (e) Calculate the pH of the solution after adding 10.0, 20.0, and 30.0 mL of base. (f) Combine the information in parts (a), (b), (c), and (e), and plot an approximate titration curve.arrow_forward
- A buffer is prepared by dissolving 0.0250 mol of sodium nitrite, NaNO2, in 250.0 mL of 0.0410 M nitrous acid, HNO2. Assume no volume change after HNO2 is dissolved. Calculate the pH of this buffer.arrow_forwardDoes the pH of the solution increase, decrease, or stay the same when you (a) add solid sodium oxalate, Na2C2O4, to 50.0 mL of 0.015 M oxalic acid, H2C2O4? (b) add solid ammonium chloride to 75 mL of 0.016 M HCl? (c) add 20.0 g of NaCl to 1.0 L of 0.10 M sodium acetate, NaCH3CO2?arrow_forwardMany natural processes can be studied in the laboratory but only in an environment of controlled pH. Which of these combinations is the best to buffer the pH at approximately 7? Explain your choice. H3PO4/NaH2PO4 NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4 Na2HPO4/Na3PO4arrow_forward
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