Chapter 9, Problem 9.84P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentration of value of ${\text{[H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$ for the given solution with $\text{pH}$ value as 4 needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A base is defined as the substance that can give ${\text{[OH}}^{-}\text{]}$ in its solution whereas an acid can give ${\text{[H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$ in its solution. General equation for acid and base can be written as:

  ${\text{HA}}_{\text{(l)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}\underset{}{\rightleftarrows }{\text{ A}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

  ${\text{BOH}}_{\text{(l)}}\underset{}{\rightleftarrows }{\text{ OH}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + B}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

The acidic and basic nature of the solution can be expressed in terms of $\text{pH}$ of the solution. The range of $\text{pH}$ lies from 0 to 14. The $\text{pH}$ value from 0 to 7 indicates an acidic solution whereas the $\text{pH}$ value from 7 to 14 stands for a basic solution. A neutral solution can be expressed as $\text{pH}$ 7. It can be calculated with the help of concentration ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$ ions and can be formulated as:

  ${\text{pH = - log [H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The concentration of value of ${\text{[H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$ for the given solution with $\text{pH}$ value as 8 needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A base is defined as the substance that can give ${\text{[OH}}^{-}\text{]}$ in its solution whereas an acid can give ${\text{[H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$ in its solution. General equation for acid and base can be written as:

  ${\text{HA}}_{\text{(l)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}\underset{}{\rightleftarrows }{\text{ A}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

  ${\text{BOH}}_{\text{(l)}}\underset{}{\rightleftarrows }{\text{ OH}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + B}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

The acidic and basic nature of the solution can be expressed in terms of $\text{pH}$ of the solution. The range of $\text{pH}$ lies from 0 to 14. The $\text{pH}$ value from 0 to 7 indicates an acidic solution whereas the $\text{pH}$ value from 7 to 14 stands for a basic solution. A neutral solution can be expressed as $\text{pH}$ 7. It can be calculated with the help of concentration ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$ ions and can be formulated as:

  ${\text{pH = - log [H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The concentration of value of ${\text{[H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$ for the given solution with $\text{pH}$ value as 2.60 needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A base is defined as the substance that can give ${\text{[OH}}^{-}\text{]}$ in its solution whereas an acid can give ${\text{[H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$ in its solution. General equation for acid and base can be written as:

  ${\text{HA}}_{\text{(l)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}\underset{}{\rightleftarrows }{\text{ A}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

  ${\text{BOH}}_{\text{(l)}}\underset{}{\rightleftarrows }{\text{ OH}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + B}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

The acidic and basic nature of the solution can be expressed in terms of $\text{pH}$ of the solution. The range of $\text{pH}$ lies from 0 to 14. The $\text{pH}$ value from 0 to 7 indicates an acidic solution whereas the $\text{pH}$ value from 7 to 14 stands for a basic solution. A neutral solution can be expressed as $\text{pH}$ 7. It can be calculated with the help of concentration ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$ ions and can be formulated as:

  ${\text{pH = - log [H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The concentration of value of ${\text{[H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$ for the given solution with $\text{pH}$ value as 11.30 needs to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

A base is defined as the substance that can give ${\text{[OH}}^{-}\text{]}$ in its solution whereas an acid can give ${\text{[H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$ in its solution. General equation for acid and base can be written as:

  ${\text{HA}}_{\text{(l)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{(l)}}\underset{}{\rightleftarrows }{\text{ A}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

  ${\text{BOH}}_{\text{(l)}}\underset{}{\rightleftarrows }{\text{ OH}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{ + B}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

The acidic and basic nature of the solution can be expressed in terms of $\text{pH}$ of the solution. The range of $\text{pH}$ lies from 0 to 14. The $\text{pH}$ value from 0 to 7 indicates an acidic solution whereas the $\text{pH}$ value from 7 to 14 stands for a basic solution. A neutral solution can be expressed as $\text{pH}$ 7. It can be calculated with the help of concentration ${\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}$ ions and can be formulated as:

  ${\text{pH = - log [H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\text{]}$